InP-based optical switch module operating through carrier-induced refractive index change

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kato ◽  
Hiroaki Inoue ◽  
Yasushi Takahashi ◽  
Koji K. Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Refractive Index Change ◽  
Index Change ◽  
Switch Module

Slow Light Investigation on Power Consumption of Lithium Niobate Phc Switch Based on Linear Electro-Optic Effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaineb Gharsallah ◽  
Monia Najjar ◽  
Vijay Janyani
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Slow Light ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Refractive Index Change ◽  
Defect Mode ◽  
Index Change ◽  
Electro Optic

AbstractIn this work, an optical switch based on electro-optic effect is reported. We used defect mode in two-dimensional photonic crystal made of Lithium Niobate. Under an applied voltage of 3 V, a refractive index change of −0.0702 is obtained which has led to a transmittance contrast about 60% for the ON state and a high extinction ratio of about 20 dB. Moreover, Slow light structure performance is investigated to optimize proposed optic switch. Due to elliptic shape of holes, the applied voltage is decreased to 0.5 V. Also, a refractive index change decrease around −0.0481, a transmittance contrast increase 65 %, and an extinction ratio increase by 5 dB have been observed. We used plan wave expansion and finite difference time domain methods to analyze the structures performances. It is seen that a defect mode shift about 40 nm and a switching length of 6.48 μm are obtained with drive voltage of 3 V for simple structure and only 0.5 V for slow light structure.

scholarly journals Critical angle reflection imaging for quantification of molecular interactions on glass surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangzhong Ma ◽  
Runli Liang ◽  
Zijian Wan ◽  
Shaopeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Glass Surface ◽  
Critical Angle ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Refractive Index Change ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Index Change ◽  
Sensing Range

AbstractQuantification of molecular interactions on a surface is typically achieved via label-free techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The sensitivity of SPR originates from the characteristic that the SPR angle is sensitive to the surface refractive index change. Analogously, in another interfacial optical phenomenon, total internal reflection, the critical angle is also refractive index dependent. Therefore, surface refractive index change can also be quantified by measuring the reflectivity near the critical angle. Based on this concept, we develop a method called critical angle reflection (CAR) imaging to quantify molecular interactions on glass surface. CAR imaging can be performed on SPR imaging setups. Through a side-by-side comparison, we show that CAR is capable of most molecular interaction measurements that SPR performs, including proteins, nucleic acids and cell-based detections. In addition, we show that CAR can detect small molecule bindings and intracellular signals beyond SPR sensing range. CAR exhibits several distinct characteristics, including tunable sensitivity and dynamic range, deeper vertical sensing range, fluorescence compatibility, broader wavelength and polarization of light selection, and glass surface chemistry. We anticipate CAR can expand SPR′s capability in small molecule detection, whole cell-based detection, simultaneous fluorescence imaging, and broader conjugation chemistry.

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