Relationship of 2D ultrasonic spectral parameters to the physical properties of soft tissue scatterers

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Liu ◽  
Frederic L. Lizzi ◽  
Jeffrey A. Ketterling ◽  
Paul Lee ◽  
Andrew Kalisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Spectral Parameters ◽  
Relationship Of

The Relationship of Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Cells to TMJ Articular Tissue Thickness

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1816-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Bibb ◽  
A.G. Pullinger ◽  
F. Baldioceda
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Articular Eminence ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Cartilage Layer ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Undifferentiated mesenchymal (UM) cells, the progenitor cells of the cartilage layer, have been assigned a significant role in TMJ articular tissue maintenance. This was based on reports of UM cell reduction with increased soft-tissue thickness for the condyle and temporal component. However, the strength of this inverse relationship was not presented and remained unclear. The purpose of the present study was to assess the strength of the correlation between UM cell presence and soft-tissue thickness in young adult TMJs at autopsy. Sagittal histological sections from the central thirds of 50 joints were evaluated with respect to articular soft-tissue thickness, histological character, and UM cell presence in the condyle and temporal component. The superior sector ofthe condyle and the articular eminence showed the greatest variability in soft-tissue thickness and were the only areas to show localized UM cell absence. The eminence was the only location to show an inverse relationship between soft-tissue thickness and UM cell presence, and this was consistent in both an ANOVA (p = 0.0016) and a Spearman correlation analysis. However, the strength of this correlation was only moderate (rho = -0.52), and no such relationship was observed in any other location. This study suggests that the relationship between UM cell presence and soft-tissue thickness is more complex than previously hypothesized and that the contribution of UM cells to articular tissue maintenance has been overstated, while other biological processes were overlooked.

scholarly journals Relationship of captive bolt stunning location with basic tissue measurements and exposed cross-sectional brain area in cadaver heads from market pigs1

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1405-1409
Author(s):  
Karly Anderson ◽  
Elizabeth Ries ◽  
Jacob Backes ◽  
Katherine Bishop ◽  
Miranda Boll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Alternative Location ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Total Tissue

Abstract The objective of this study was to contrast the soft tissue thickness, cranial thickness, total tissue thickness, cross-sectional brain area, and bolt–brain contact from the common frontal application of captive bolt euthanasia with the alternative location behind the ear in cadaver swine heads. Twenty-three cadaver heads from pigs that were approximately 136 kg and 6 mo of age were collected from a regional slaughter establishment following CO2 stunning and assigned to either the FRONTAL (n = 11) or the CAUDAL TO PINNA (n = 12) application of the captive bolt. The soft tissue thickness was different (P < 0.0001) between the 2 applications (FRONTAL: 8.3 ± 3.4 mm; CAUDAL TO PINNA: 56.5 ± 3.4 mm). The cranial thickness was different (P < 0.0001) between the applications (FRONTAL: 23.4 ± 2.9 mm; CAUDAL TO PINNA: 26.5 ± 2.9 mm). There was also a difference (P < 0.0001) in the total tissue thickness between the 2 applications (FRONTAL: 31.7 ± 3.8 mm; CAUDAL TO PINNA: 73.4 ± 3.8 mm). Cross-sectional area was calculated from images collected immediately after the heads were cut along the plane of bolt travel by bandsaw and was different (P = 0.0028) between the 2 applications (FRONTAL: 25.2 ± 1.3 cm2; CAUDAL TO PINNA: 18.9 ± 1.3 cm2). Bolt–brain contact was also assessed from the images, and a difference (P = 0.0360) between the 2 applications (FRONTAL: 100 ± 10.5%; CAUDAL TO PINNA: 66.7 ± 10.5%) was identified. The results of this study suggest that the FRONTAL application may provide a bolt path with less tissue to travel through when compared with the CAUDAL TO PINNA application for pigs of the approximate age and weight of those in this study. Ultimately, the FRONTAL location may present less risk for the captive bolt euthanasia of swine at market weight at this time. Additional refinement of the CAUDAL TO PINNA procedure and modification to the captive bolt device to penetrate to a suitable depth to ensure brain damage is recommended.

The Direct Determination of Oxygen in Rubber. The Adaptation of the Ter Meulen Method to Rubber and Its Application to the Study of Aging

1939 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. I. Cramer ◽  
I. J. Sjothun ◽  
L. E. Oneacre
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Sulfur Poisoning ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Oxygen Bomb ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The ter Meulen method for the direct determination of oxygen has been adapted, with modifications, to the analysis of raw and vulcanized rubbers. Raney nickel has been found to be quite effective as the reducing catalyst and to be satisfactorily resistant to sulfur poisoning. The method has been applied to the study of the aging of vulcanized rubber in the Geer oven and oxygen bomb. From this study the following conclusions may be drawn: (1) The increase in combined oxygen is greater in the oxygen bomb than in the Geer oven. (2) Deterioration of rubber in the oxygen bomb involves oxidation primarily, whereas that occurring in the Geer oven involves not only oxidation but also thermal decomposition followed by volatilization of oxidation products. (3) The effectiveness of an antioxidant in retarding the absorption of oxygen in oxygen-bomb aging agrees well with its ability to maintain the physical properties of the stock in which it is present. (4) The deterioration in physical properties of a rubber stock in the oxygen bomb during the early stages of aging is a linear function of the increase in combined oxygen. For stocks containing antioxidants and diphenylguanidine as the accelerator, an increase in combined oxygen of approximately 1.2% corresponds to a decrease in tensile strength of 50%. (5) The relationship of increase in combined oxygen to decrease in tensile strength seems to be affected not only by antioxidants, but also by accelerators of vulcanization.

RELATIONSHIP OF REGIONAL SOFT TISSUE DISTRIBUTION TO INSULIN RESPONSE186

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
D. Nichols ◽  
K. Kendrick ◽  
C. Jankowski ◽  
S. Farrell ◽  
R. Morriss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals On the Relationship of Thermodynamic and Physical Properties of Polymers With Ice Adhesion

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 146-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Murase ◽  
K. Nanishi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Adhesive Strength ◽  
Polymer System ◽  
Work Of Adhesion ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ice Adhesion

The purpose of this work is to study the relationship of energetic and physical properties of polymetric materials with ice adhesion, and to develop the material to prevent ice adhesion. From various parameters of water and ice, dispersion and hydrogen bond contribution of surface free energy of ice were calculated. Using these values and that of contact angle formed between Ice and polymer in the air and also in paraffin, work of adhesion W-πe and W were determined respectively. The difference W-(W-πe ) has made it possible to evaluate the effect of surface pressure n on ice adhesion. On the other hand, actual adhesive strength of ice was measured. Some correlations between theoretical and observed values were found. Further, visco-elastic properties of polymers below icing temperature and temperature dependence of strain in the ice/polymer system were investigated. The results showed some characteristics of polymers which are related to molecular mobility at lower temperature, are effective in reducing the adhesive strength to ice. Numerous attempts were made to develop coating materials to prevent ice adhesion. A composite polymer composition, which has peculiar ingredients and structure, was proposed and found to provide the ability for the lowest ice adhesion. Ice preventive mechanism of the film was discussed.

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