Demonstration of extreme wavefront sensing performance on the TPF high-contrast imaging testbed

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Green ◽  
Scott A. Basinger ◽  
David Cohen ◽  
Albert F. Niessner ◽  
David C. Redding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavefront Sensing ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
High Contrast Imaging ◽  
Sensing Performance

scholarly journals Experimental validation of coronagraphic focal-plane wavefront sensing for future segmented space telescopes

2020 ◽  
Vol 639 ◽  
pp. A70
Author(s):  
Lucie Leboulleux ◽  
Jean-François Sauvage ◽  
Rémi Soummer ◽  
Thierry Fusco ◽  
Laurent Pueyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Plane ◽  
Wavefront Sensing ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Space Telescopes ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Primary Mirror ◽  
Hardware System ◽  
High Contrast Imaging ◽  
Earth Like Planets ◽  
Plane Wavefront

Context. Direct imaging of Earth-like planets from space requires dedicated observatories, combining large segmented apertures with instruments and techniques such as coronagraphs, wavefront sensors, and wavefront control in order to reach the high contrast of 1010 that is required. The complexity of these systems would be increased by the segmentation of the primary mirror, which allows for the larger diameters necessary to image Earth-like planets but also introduces specific patterns in the image due to the pupil shape and segmentation and making high-contrast imaging more challenging. Among these defects, the phasing errors of the primary mirror are a strong limitation to the performance. Aims. In this paper, we focus on the wavefront sensing of segment phasing errors for a high-contrast system, using the COronagraphic Focal plane wave-Front Estimation for Exoplanet detection (COFFEE) technique. Methods. We implemented and tested COFFEE on the High-contrast imaging for Complex Aperture Telescopes (HiCAT) testbed, in a configuration without any coronagraph and with a classical Lyot coronagraph, to reconstruct errors applied on a 37 segment mirror. We analysed the quality and limitations of the reconstructions. Results. We demonstrate that COFFEE is able to estimate correctly the phasing errors of a segmented telescope for piston, tip, and tilt aberrations of typically 100 nm RMS. We also identified the limitations of COFFEE for the reconstruction of low-order wavefront modes, which are highly filtered by the coronagraph. This is illustrated using two focal plane mask sizes on HiCAT. We discuss possible solutions, both in the hardware system and in the COFFEE optimizer, to mitigate these issues.

scholarly journals Comparing focal plane wavefront control techniques: Numerical simulations and laboratory experiments

2020 ◽  
Vol 635 ◽  
pp. A192 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Potier ◽  
P. Baudoz ◽  
R. Galicher ◽  
G. Singh ◽  
A. Boccaletti
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Focal Plane ◽  
Spectral Band ◽  
Wavefront Sensing ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Wavefront Control ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
High Contrast Imaging ◽  
Plane Wavefront

Context. Fewer than 1% of all exoplanets detected to date have been characterized on the basis of spectroscopic observations of their atmosphere. Unlike indirect methods, high-contrast imaging offers access to atmospheric signatures by separating the light of a faint off-axis source from that of its parent star. Forthcoming space facilities, such as WFIRST/LUVOIR/HabEX, are expected to use coronagraphic instruments capable of imaging and spectroscopy in order to understand the physical properties of remote worlds. The primary technological challenge that drives the design of these instruments involves the precision control of wavefront phase and amplitude errors. To suppress the stellar intensity to acceptable levels, it is necessary to reduce phase aberrations to less than several picometers across the pupil of the telescope. Aims. Several focal plane wavefront sensing and control techniques have been proposed and demonstrated in laboratory to achieve the required accuracy. However, these techniques have never been tested and compared under the same laboratory conditions. This paper compares two of these techniques in a closed loop in visible light: the pair-wise (PW) associated with electric field conjugation (EFC) and self-coherent camera (SCC). Methods. We first ran numerical simulations to optimize PW wavefront sensing and to predict the performance of a coronagraphic instrument with PW associated to EFC wavefront control, assuming modeling errors for both PW and EFC. Then we implemented the techniques on a laboratory testbed. We introduced known aberrations into the system and compared the wavefront sensing using both PW and SCC. The speckle intensity in the coronagraphic image was then minimized using PW+EFC and SCC independently. Results. We demonstrate that both techniques – SCC, based on spatial modulation of the speckle intensity using an empirical model of the instrument, and PW, based on temporal modulation using a synthetic model – can estimate the wavefront errors with the same precision. We also demonstrate that both SCC and PW+EFC can generate a dark hole in space-like conditions in a few iterations. Both techniques reach the current limitation of our laboratory bench and provide coronagraphic contrast levels of ∼5 × 10−9 in a narrow spectral band (< 0.25% bandwidth). Conclusions. Our results indicate that both techniques are mature enough to be implemented in future space telescopes equipped with deformable mirrors for high-contrast imaging of exoplanets.

scholarly journals Focal plane wavefront sensing and control strategies for high-contrast imaging on the MagAO-X instrument

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey L. Miller ◽  
Jared R. Males ◽  
Olivier Guyon ◽  
Laird M. Close ◽  
David S. Doelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Plane ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Wavefront Sensing ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
High Contrast Imaging ◽  
Plane Wavefront ◽  
And Control

High contrast imaging with focal plane wavefront sensing for ground based telescopes

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Guyon ◽  
Basile Gallet ◽  
Eugene A. Pluzhnik ◽  
Hideki Takami ◽  
Motohide Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Focal Plane ◽  
Wavefront Sensing ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
High Contrast Imaging ◽  
Plane Wavefront

scholarly journals Deep residual learning for low-order wavefront sensing in high-contrast imaging systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (18) ◽  
pp. 26267
Author(s):  
Gregory Allan ◽  
Iksung Kang ◽  
Ewan S. Douglas ◽  
George Barbastathis ◽  
Kerri Cahoy
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Wavefront Sensing ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Residual Learning ◽  
High Contrast Imaging ◽  
Low Order

The CM120 Biotwin: a high-contrast objective lens, optimum cryo-vacuum and improved EDX performance

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 584-585
Author(s):  
Uwe Lücken ◽  
Michael Felsmann ◽  
Wim M. Busing ◽  
Frank de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Life Science ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
Similar Image ◽  
High Contrast Imaging ◽  
Low Concentrations

A new microscope for the study of life science specimen has been developed. Special attention has been given to the problems of unstained samples, cryo-specimens and x-ray analysis at low concentrations.A new objective lens with a Cs of 6.2 mm and a focal length of 5.9 mm for high-contrast imaging has been developed. The contrast of a TWIN lens (f = 2.8 mm, Cs = 2 mm) and the BioTWTN are compared at the level of mean and SD of slow scan CCD images. Figure 1a shows 500 +/- 150 and Fig. 1b only 500 +/- 40 counts/pixel. The contrast-forming mechanism for amplitude contrast is dependent on the wavelength, the objective aperture and the focal length. For similar image conditions (same voltage, same objective aperture) the BioTWIN shows more than double the contrast of the TWIN lens. For phasecontrast specimens (like thin frozen-hydrated films) the contrast at Scherzer focus is approximately proportional to the √ Cs.

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