Three-dimensional integration of optical systems

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Heinz Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Systems

Atomic Resolution in Crystal Aperture Stem

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
J T Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Optical System ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transmission Function ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Bragg Angle ◽  
Electron Optical System ◽  
Intimate Contact ◽  
Diffraction Effects ◽  
Design Aspect

The attempts at improvement of electron optical systems to date, have largely been directed towards the design aspect of magnetic lenses and towards the establishment of ideal lens combinations. In the present work the emphasis has been placed on the utilization of a unique three-dimensional crystal objective aperture within a standard electron optical system with the aim to reduce the spherical aberration without introducing diffraction effects. A brief summary of this work together with a description of results obtained recently, will be given.The concept of utilizing a crystal as aperture in an electron optical system was introduced by Fourie who employed a {111} crystal foil as a collector aperture, by mounting the sample directly on top of the foil and in intimate contact with the foil. In the present work the sample was mounted on the bottom of the foil so that the crystal would function as an objective or probe forming aperture. The transmission function of such a crystal aperture depends on the thickness, t, and the orientation of the foil. The expression for calculating the transmission function was derived by Hashimoto, Howie and Whelan on the basis of the electron equivalent of the Borrmann anomalous absorption effect in crystals. In Fig. 1 the functions for a g220 diffraction vector and t = 0.53 and 1.0 μm are shown. Here n= Θ‒ΘB, where Θ is the angle between the incident ray and the (hkl) planes, and ΘB is the Bragg angle.

Handheld Laser Scanner Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 952 (10) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
A.V. Komissarov ◽  
A.V. Remizov ◽  
M.M. Shlyakhova ◽  
K.K. Yambaev
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
The Stability

The authors consider hand-held laser scanners, as a new photogrammetric tool for obtaining three-dimensional models of objects. The principle of their work and the newest optical systems based on various sensors measuring the depth of space are described in detail. The method of simultaneous navigation and mapping (SLAM) used for combining single scans into point cloud is outlined. The formulated tasks and methods for performing studies of the DotProduct (USA) hand-held laser scanner DPI?8X based on a test site survey are presented. The accuracy requirements for determining the coordinates of polygon points are given. The essence of the performed experimental research of the DPI?8X scanner is described, including scanning of a test object at various scanner distances, shooting a test polygon from various scanner positions and building point cloud, repeatedly shooting the same area of the polygon to check the stability of the scanner. The data on the assessment of accuracy and analysis of research results are given. Fields of applying hand-held laser scanners, their advantages and disadvantages are identified.

Contributed Review: Advanced three-dimensional laser radar imaging with the airborne optical systems testbed

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 101502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius A. Albota ◽  
Rajan Gurjar ◽  
Anthony Mangognia ◽  
Daniel Dumanis ◽  
Brendan Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Radar Imaging ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Laser Radar

STUDY OF OPTICS FOR LED LIGHT DEVICES AND METHODS OF ITS COMPUTER MODELING

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
I. I. Bayneva ◽  
N. S. Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Computer Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Secondary Use ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
The Cost

The article discusses optical systems for LED lighting devices, the principles of the propagation of rays in lenses of various designs. Analyzed the features of the secondary use of the optical elements in the form of lenses and prisms for different LED emission patterns in space. Considered the features and problems of calculation of the secondary optical systems. Problems and prospects of application are considered, research and computer modeling of optics, which is used to form the required light distribution in LED light devices. Computer modeling technologies and the mathematical methods that underlie them determine the possibility of developing such optical systems in lighting installations. The article considers the numerical Monte Carlo simulation method, which allows one to organize ray tracing modeling in optical systems. The TracePro software package for modeling and research of lighting devices and their optical elements allows you to automate the stage of their calculation and design, this significantly reduces the cost of developing new products. The prototyping of three-dimensional models of lens systems opens up great opportunities for manufacturers of optics for LEDs, allows research on prototypes planned for production of serial products.

scholarly journals A METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING THERMAL IMAGES USING GAN MULTI-LAYERED APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIV-2/W1-2021 ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
V. A. Mizginov ◽  
V. V. Kniaz ◽  
N. A. Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Thermal Images ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Video Systems

Abstract. The active development of neural network technologies and optoelectronic systems has led to the introduction of computer vision technologies in various fields of science and technology. Deep learning made it possible to solve complex problems that a person had not been able to solve before. The use of multi-spectral optical systems has significantly expanded the field of application of video systems. Tasks such as image recognition, object re-identification, video surveillance require high accuracy, speed and reliability. These qualities are provided by algorithms based on deep convolutional neural networks. However, they require to have large databases of multi-spectral images of various objects to achieve state-of-the-art results. While large and various databases of color images of different objects are widely available in public domain, then similar databases of thermal images are either not available, or they represent a small number of types of objects. The quality of three-dimensional modeling for the thermal imaging spectral range remains at an insufficient level for solving a number of important tasks, which require high precision and reliability. The realistic synthesis of thermal images is especially important due to the complexity and high cost of obtaining real data. This paper is focused on the development of a method for synthesizing thermal imaging images based on generative adversarial neural networks. We developed an algorithm for a multi-spectral image-to-image translation. We have changed to the original GAN architecture and converted the loss function. We presented a new learning approach. For this, we prepared a special training dataset including about 2000 image tensors. The evaluation of the results obtained showed that the proposed method can be used to expand the available databases of thermal images.

Imaging cellular dynamics using scanning laser confocal microscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
M.S. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Incident Laser ◽  
Laser Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Image Planes

In recent years, the ability to image morphological dynamics and physiological changes in living cells and tissues has been greatly advanced by the advent of scanning laser confocal microscopy. Confocal microscopes employ optical systems in which both the condenser and objective lenses are focused onto a single volume element of the specimen. In practice, galvanometer-driven mirrors or acousto-optical deflectors are used to scan a laser beam over the specimen in a raster-like fashion through an epifluorescence microscope. The incident laser beam, as well as the collected fluorescent light, are passed through pinhole or slit apertures in image planes that are conjugate to the plane of the specimen. This method of illumination and detection prevents fluorescent light which is generated above and below the plane-of-focus from impinging on the imaging system's photodetector, thus rejecting much of the fluorescent light which normally blurs the image of a three-dimensional fluorescent specimen.

Three-dimensional packaging of very large scale integrated optics (VLSIO) for high-complexity optical systems

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence C. West ◽  
Charles W. Roberts ◽  
Emil C. Piscani ◽  
Madan Dubey ◽  
Kenneth A. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Optics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
High Complexity
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