scholarly journals Two-photon fluorescence spectroscopy for identification of healthy and malignant biological tissues

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Gun Xu ◽  
Min Gu ◽  
Erik W. Thompson ◽  
Elizabeth Williams
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisha Thayil K. N. ◽  
Silvia Soria ◽  
Goncal Badenes ◽  
Tsvi Katchalski ◽  
Asher A. Friesem

2010 ◽  
Vol 122 (32) ◽  
pp. 5612-5616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Marras ◽  
Alexander M. Kluwer ◽  
Joanna R. Siekierzycka ◽  
Alessandro Vozza ◽  
Albert M. Brouwer ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 117 (50) ◽  
pp. 15935-15942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. McLean ◽  
Elke Socher ◽  
Oleg Varnavski ◽  
Travis B. Clark ◽  
Barbara Imperiali ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Qin ◽  
Yuanqin Xia

Two-photon fluorescence (TPF) microscopy of intrinsic fluorophores provides physiological and pathological information from biological tissues. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are two endogenous fluorescent coenzymes existing on the intracellular scale. Autofluorescence images of NADH and FAD have been applied to noninvasively record changes during metabolism, according to their distributions and concentrations. However, the widely used sequential (non-simultaneous) excitation scheme results in artifacts caused by sample motion or laser power fluctuation. The single-wavelength illumination scheme suffers from low excitation efficiency and spectral bleed-through. In this paper, we demonstrate a new imaging system simultaneously capturing autofluorescence images from NADH and FAD, with high excitation efficiency and negligible spectral bleed-through. Two temporally multiplexed and spatially overlapped excitation beams were achieved with fast-switching light paths based on an electro-optic modulator. The switching beams were centered at 750 and 860 nm, enabling independent excitations of NADH and FAD. Autofluorescence images of NADH and FAD were acquired at the wavelength ranges of 415–455 nm and 500–550 nm, respectively. The electro-optic modulator was synchronized with the pixel clock from the microscope, achieving pixel-to-pixel wavelength-switching. The capability of the system was demonstrated by performing TPF imaging of freshly excised mouse colon tissues. The microenvironment of the colon wall was depicted by the distributions of colonocytes, goblet cells, and crypts of Lieberkühn, and the relative concentrations of NADH and FAD were estimated. The experimental results show that the system can effectively perform simultaneous imaging of NADH and FAD, and is considered a promising tool for investigations into metabolism-associated processes and diseases.


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