Psychophysical evaluation of the image quality of a dynamic flat-panel digital x-ray image detector using the threshold contrast detail detectability (TCDD) technique

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Davies ◽  
Arnold R. Cowen ◽  
Tom J. C. Bruijns
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Flat Panel ◽  
Image Detector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Threshold Contrast ◽  
Psychophysical Evaluation

Threshold contrast detail detectability measurement of the fluoroscopic image quality of a dynamic solid-state digital x-ray image detector

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Davies ◽  
Arnold R. Cowen ◽  
Stephen M. Kengyelics ◽  
Robert F. Bury ◽  
Tom J. Bruijns
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Image Detector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluoroscopic Image ◽  
Threshold Contrast

Image quality of flat-panel cone beam CT

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Rose ◽  
Jens Wiegert ◽  
Dirk Schaefer ◽  
Klaus Fiedler ◽  
Norbert Conrads ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Flat Panel

Image Quality of Reversal-Developed X-Ray Film with Reference to Density

1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1951-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suguru Uchida ◽  
Yoshie Kodera ◽  
Hiroshi Inatsu
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
X Ray

TH-D-L100J-04: Dose and Image Quality of Flat-Panel Detector Volume Computed Tomography for Sinus Imaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (6Part23) ◽  
pp. 2634-2634 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Alspaugh ◽  
E Christodoulou ◽  
M Goodsitt ◽  
J Stayman
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Flat Panel ◽  
Flat Panel Detector ◽  
Volume Computed Tomography ◽  
Detector Volume

Materials And Image Formation In X-ray Lithography

1993 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Cerrina ◽  
G.M. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Spatial Coherence ◽  
Image Formation ◽  
Process Variations ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Aerial Image ◽  
Transmitted Beam ◽  
X Ray

AbstractIn proximity X-ray lithography there is no imaging system in the traditional sense of the word. There are no mirrors, lenses or other means of manipulating the radiation to form an image from that of a pattern (mask). Rather, in proximity X-ray lithography, mask and imaging systems are one and the same. The radiation that illuminates the mask carries the pattern information in the region of the wavefronts that have been attenuated. The detector (photoresist) is placed so close to the mask itself that the image is formed in the region where diffraction has not yet been able to deteriorate the pattern itself. The quality of the image formation then is controlled directly by the interaction between the mask and the radiation field. In turn, this means that both the illumination field and the mask are critical. The properties of the materials used in making the mask thus play a central role in determining the quality of the image. For instance, edge roughness and slope can strongly influence the image by providing the equivalent of a blur in the diffraction process. This blur is beneficial in reducing the high frequency components in the aerial image but it needs to be controlled and be repeatable. The plating (or other physical deposition) process may create variation in density (and thickness) in the deposited film, that will show up as linewidth variation in the image because of local changes in the contrast; the same applies to variations in the carrier membrane. In the case of subtractive process, variations in edge profile across the mask must be minimized.The variations in material composition, thickness and density may all affect the finale image quality; in the case of the resist, local variations in acid concentration may have strong effect in linewidth control (this effect is of course common to all lithographies).Another place where materials will affect the final image quality is in the condensing system. Mirrors will exhibit some degree of surface roughness, leading to a scattered radiation away from the central (coherent) beam. For scanning systems, this is not harmful since no power is lost in the scattering process and a blur is actually created that reduces the degree of spatial coherence. Filters may also exhibit the same roughness; typically it will not affect the image formation. The presence of surface (changes of reflectivity) or bulk (impurities) defects may however strongly alter the uniformity of the transmitted beam. This is particularly true of rolled Be filters and windows, which may include contaminants of high-Z materials. Hence, the grain structure of the window plays a very important role in determining image uniformity.Finally, a seemingly minor but important area is that of the gas used in the exposure area, typically helium. The gas fulfills several needs: heat exchange medium, to thermally clamp the mask to the wafer; low-loss X-ray transmission medium; protection from reactive oxygen radicals and ozone formation. Small amounts of impurities (air) may have a very strong effect on the transmission, and non-uniform distributions are particularly deleterious.All these factors need to be controlled so that the final image is within the required tolerances. Unfortunately, some of these are difficult to characterize in the visible (e.g., reflectivity variations) and testing at X-ray wavelengths is necessary. Although these obstacles are by no means unsurmountable, foresight is necessary in order to deliver a functional X-ray lithography process.This work was supported by various agencies, including ARPA/ONR/NRL and the National Science Foundation.

COMPARISON OF THE IMAGE QUALITY OF A HIGH-RESOLUTION SCREEN-FILM SYSTEM AND A DIGITAL FLAT PANEL DETECTOR SYSTEM IN AVIAN RADIOGRAPHY

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
MONIKA BOCHMANN ◽  
EBERHARD LUDEWIG ◽  
MARIA-ELISABETH KRAUTWALD-JUNGHANNS ◽  
MICHAEL PEES
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Detector System ◽  
Film System ◽  
Flat Panel ◽  
Flat Panel Detector

Correlation between Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis on Image Quality of Digital Dental X-ray Images

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Arpah Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Nasir Taib ◽  
Noor Elaiza Abdul Khalid ◽  
Haslina Taib
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
X Ray

Assessment of Some Enhancement Methods of Renal X-ray Image

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Salim J. Attia
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dosage ◽  
Histogram Equalization ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adaptive Histogram Equalization ◽  
Quality Image ◽  
Enhancement Method ◽  
Spatial Quality

The study focuses on assessment of the quality of some image enhancement methods which were implemented on renal X-ray images. The enhancement methods included Imadjust, Histogram Equalization (HE) and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). The images qualities were calculated to compare input images with output images from these three enhancement techniques. An eight renal x-ray images are collected to perform these methods. Generally, the x-ray images are lack of contrast and low in radiation dosage. This lack of image quality can be amended by enhancement process. Three quality image factors were done to assess the resulted images involved (Naturalness Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE), Perception based Image Quality Evaluator (PIQE) and Blind References Image Spatial Quality Evaluator (BRISQE)). The quality of images had been heightened by these methods to support the goals of diagnosis. The results of the chosen enhancement methods of collecting images reflected more qualified images than the original images. According to the results of the quality factors and the assessment of radiology experts, the CLAHE method was the best enhancement method.

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