Circular-grating surface-emitting lasers for free-space optical interconnects

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Scott Penner ◽  
Ravil Latipov ◽  
Hui Luo ◽  
Mahmoud Fallahi
Keyword(s):  
Free Space ◽  
Optical Interconnects ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Surface Emitting Lasers ◽  
Emitting Lasers ◽  
Circular Grating

scholarly journals A two-way 224-Gbit/s PAM4-based fibre-FSO converged system

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Han Lu ◽  
Chung-Yi Li ◽  
Wen-Shing Tsai ◽  
Poh-Suan Chang ◽  
Yan-Yu Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Cavity Surface ◽  
Pulse Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Surface Emitting Lasers ◽  
Vertical Cavity Surface ◽  
Emitting Lasers

AbstractA two-way 224-Gbit/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4)-based fibre-free-space optical (FSO) converged system through a 25-km single-mode fibre (SMF) transport with 500-m free-space transmission is successfully constructed, which adopts injection-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with polarisation-multiplexing mechanism for a demonstration. Compared with one-way transmission, two-way transmission is an attractive architecture for fibre-FSO converged system. Two-way transmission over SMF transport with free-space transmission not only reduces the required number of fibres and the setups of free-space transmission, but also provides the advantage of capacity doubling. Incorporating dual-wavelength four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) modulation with polarisation-multiplexing mechanism, the transmission capacity of fibre-FSO converged system is significantly enhanced to 224 Gbit/s (56 Gbit/s PAM4/wavelength × 2-wavelength × 2-polarisation) for downlink/uplink transmission. Bit error rate and PAM4 eye diagrams (downstream/upstream) perform well over 25-km SMF transport with 500-m free-space transmission. This proposed two-way fibre-FSO converged system is a prominent one not only because of its development in the integration of fibre backbone with optical wireless extension, but also because of its advantage in two-way transmission for affording high downlink/uplink data rate with good transmission performance.

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