Lippmann color holography in a single-layer silver-halide emulsion: improvement of color desaturation

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuoyou Li ◽  
Jianhua Zhu ◽  
Lurong Guo ◽  
Zhenqing Liu ◽  
Fumin Qiu ◽  
...  
2004 ◽  
Vol 241 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Zhu ◽  
Yixiao Zhang ◽  
Guangxing Dong ◽  
Yongkang Guo ◽  
Lurong Guo

Author(s):  
A.M. Smolovich ◽  
◽  
V.V. Kashin ◽  
V. Chernov ◽  
◽  
...  

The recently proposed optical elements containing semitransparent wavelike films embedded into the transparent material are investigated. Such optical elements do not distort a wave transmitted through them. Novel optical elements can be fabricated using well-known embossing methods. Their possible applications are discussed. The optical elements containing holographic wavelike films can be used for color holography, for augmented reality wearable glasses, as a beam combiner for head-up displays. The optical elements containing diffuse wavelike films can be used as an alternative for tinted car windows, instead of mirror-glass windows in high-rise buildings, for shop-windows, for one-way privacy windows, for printing images on eyeglasses. The scheme of a waveguide display with a single-layer holographic wavelike films is analyzed. The feasibility of the proposed applications is verified by estimation of the optical elements’ parameters and computer simulation, and measurements conducted on an experimental specimen.


2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. I. Bjelkhagen ◽  
P. G. Crosby ◽  
D. P. M. Green ◽  
E. Mirlis ◽  
N. J. Phillips

Author(s):  
Murray Stewart ◽  
T.J. Beveridge ◽  
D. Sprott

The archaebacterium Methanospirillum hungatii has a sheath as part of its cell wall which is composed mainly of protein. Treatment with dithiothreitol or NaOH released the intact sheaths and electron micrographs of this material negatively stained with uranyl acetate showed flattened hollow tubes, about 0.5 μm diameter and several microns long, in which the patterns from the top and bottom were superimposed. Single layers, derived from broken tubes, were also seen and were more simply analysed. Figure 1 shows the general appearance of a single layer. There was a faint axial periodicity at 28.5 A, which was stronger at irregular multiples of 28.5 A (3 and 4 times were most common), and fine striations were also seen at about 3° to the tube axis. Low angle electron diffraction patterns (not shown) and optical diffraction patterns (Fig. 2) from these layers showed a complex meridian (as a result of the irregular nature of the repeat along the tube axis) which showed a clear maximum at 28.5 A, consistent with the basic subunit spacing.


Author(s):  
Maria Anna Pabst

In addition to the compound eyes, honeybees have three dorsal ocelli on the vertex of the head. Each ocellus has about 800 elongated photoreceptor cells. They are paired and the distal segment of each pair bears densely packed microvilli forming together a platelike fused rhabdom. Beneath a common cuticular lens a single layer of corneagenous cells is present.Ultrastructural studies were made of the retina of praepupae, different pupal stages and adult worker bees by thin sections and freeze-etch preparations. In praepupae the ocellar anlage consists of a conical group of epidermal cells that differentiate to photoreceptor cells, glial cells and corneagenous cells. Some photoreceptor cells are already paired and show disarrayed microvilli with circularly ordered filaments inside. In ocelli of 2-day-old pupae, when a retinogenous and a lentinogenous cell layer can be clearly distinguished, cell membranes of the distal part of two photoreceptor cells begin to interdigitate with each other and so start to form the definitive microvilli. At the beginning the microvilli often occupy the whole width of the developing rhabdom (Fig. 1).


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