Respiratory kinematics by optoelectronic analysis of chest-wall motion and ultrasonic imaging of the diaphragm

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Aliverti ◽  
Antonio Pedotti ◽  
Giancarlo Ferrigno ◽  
P. T. Macklem
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Ultrasonic Imaging ◽  
Chest Wall Motion ◽  
Respiratory Kinematics

A model of the respiratory pump

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 951-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Hillman ◽  
K. E. Finucane
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Volume Change ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Passive Components ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Lever System ◽  
Chest Wall Motion ◽  
Applied Forces

The interaction of forces that produce chest wall motion and lung volume change is complex and incompletely understood. To aid understanding we have developed a simple model that allows prediction of the effect on chest wall motion of changes in applied forces. The model is a lever system on which the forces generated actively by the respiratory muscles and passively by impedances of rib cage, lungs, abdomen, and diaphragm act at fixed sites. A change in forces results in translational and/or rotational motion of the lever; motion represents volume change. The distribution and magnitude of passive relative to active forces determine the locus and degree of rotation and therefore the effect of an applied force on motion of the chest wall, allowing the interaction of diaphragm, rib cage, and abdomen to be modeled. Analysis of moments allow equations to be derived that express the effect on chest wall motion of the active component in terms of the passive components. These equations may be used to test the model by comparing predicted with empirical behavior. The model is simple, appears valid for a variety of respiratory maneuvers, is useful in interpreting relative motion of rib cage and abdomen and may be useful in quantifying the effective forces acting on the rib cage.

scholarly journals Influence of posture, sex, and age on breathing pattern and chest wall motion in healthy subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Patrícia De Souza Mendes ◽  
Danielle Soares Rocha Vieira ◽  
Leticia Silva Gabriel ◽  
Giane Amorim Ribeiro-Samora ◽  
Armèle Dornelas De Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Chest Wall Motion

Three-dimensional optical analysis of chest wall motion

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1224-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ferrigno ◽  
P. Carnevali ◽  
A. Aliverti ◽  
F. Molteni ◽  
G. Beulcke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Online Computation ◽  
Chest Wall Motion ◽  
The Subject

A method for kinematic analysis of chest wall motion is presented, based on a television-image processor that allows a three-dimensional assessment of volume change of the trunk by automatically computing the coordinates of several passive markers placed on relevant landmarks of the thorax and abdomen. The parallel computation used for the image processing allows for a real time recognition of the passive markers with the necessary accuracy. A geometric model also allows the online computation of the contribution to the chest volume by the different parts. For this purpose, the model presented here is based on 54 tetrahedrons that can be grouped into 9 compartments and 3 sections representing 1) upper thorax (mainly reflecting the action of neck and parasternal muscles and the effect of pleural pressure), 2) lower thorax (mainly reflecting the action of diaphragm and the effect of pleural and abdominal pressure), and 3) abdomen (mainly reflecting the actions of diaphragm and abdominal muscles). By this model, the volume can also be split into three vertical sections pointing out asymmetries between the right and left sides. The method is noninvasive, nonionizing, and leaves the subject maximum freedom of movement during the test, thus being suitable for routine clinical analysis. The monitoring of the subject can be prolonged in time and can be performed in different postures: standing, sitting, and supine. The method was tested on 12 healthy subjects showing its good accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility.

Development and validation of a low-cost chest wall motion assessment system

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Golby ◽  
Ludovica Pippa ◽  
Andrea Aliverti ◽  
Theodoros Arvanitis ◽  
Babu Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Chest Wall Motion ◽  
Motion Assessment ◽  
Development And Validation

Chest wall motion and expiratory muscle use during phonation in normal humans

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 2075-2082 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Estenne ◽  
L. Zocchi ◽  
M. Ward ◽  
P. T. Macklem
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Sitting Posture ◽  
Expiratory Muscle ◽  
Chest Wall Motion ◽  
Normal Humans ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Level 2

The pattern of rib cage (RC) and abdomen (AB) motion and the electromyograms of the triangularis sterni (TS) and abdominal external oblique (EO) muscles were studied during speech and reading in six normal uninformed subjects in the sitting posture. Most phrases were started from within the tidal breathing range and extended below RC and AB spontaneous end-expiratory volumes. On the average, 75% of the change in chest wall volume occurred below the resting end-expiratory level. The expired volume resulted from a large predominance of RC displacement, and this was accompanied by marked recruitment of the TS. The EO was also generally activated, but the pattern of activation was less consistent. We conclude that 1) speech occurs primarily below the spontaneous end-expiratory level; 2) most of the volume change is caused by active emptying of the RC produced, at least in part, by contraction of the TS; 3) concomitant activation of the abdominal muscles serves to optimize the inspiratory function of the diaphragm, which has to contract rapidly between phrases to refill the respiratory system.

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