Measuring transit job accessibility considering the matching between jobs and workers in Beijing

In much of studies on spatial mismatch between residential and employer locations, job accessibility has been measured. However, the apparent disadvantages of the traditional measurement methods on the studies of Chinese cities have been noted. This paper proposed an optimized method for job accessibility measurement by introducing the weigh coefficient of job opportunity, which quantifies the degree of uneven distribution of job opportunity in the Chinese cities. Take Nanjing city for example, this new method was used to measure the spatial distribution of job opportunity, investigate the spatial patterns and analyze the influences of job accessibility on commuting behavior. The results show that the distribution of job accessibility in Nanjing exhibits the different spatial patterns and mechanisms compared with US cases.

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Inequality in Job Accessibility via Transit in US Cities

Divided Cities ◽

10.1787/9789264300385-7-en ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 111-133

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Job Accessibility ◽

Us Cities

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Job Accessibility from a Multiple Commuting Circles Perspective Using Baidu Location Data: A Case Study of Wuhan, China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11236696 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (23) ◽

pp. 6696 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cai ◽

Liu ◽

Luo ◽

Xing ◽

Liu

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Short Distance ◽

Long Distance ◽

Job Accessibility ◽

Location Data ◽

Job Opportunities ◽

Transit Services ◽

Service Jobs ◽

Wuhan Metropolitan Area

Jobs–housing imbalance is a hot topic in urban study and has obtained many results. However, little research has overcome the limits of administrative boundaries in job accessibility measurement and considered differences in job accessibility within multiple commuting circles. Using Baidu location data, this research proposes a new method to measure job accessibility within multiple commuting circles at the grids’ level. Taking the Wuhan metropolitan area as a case study, the results are as follows: (1) Housing and service jobs are concentrated in the central urban areas along the Yangtze River, whereas industrial jobs are scattered throughout suburbs with double centers. The potential competition for job opportunities is fiercer in the city center than in the suburbs. (2) Job accessibility with different levels shows significant circle-like distribution. People with long- or short-distance potential commutes demand to live close to the groups with the same demand. Residents with long-distance commutes demand to live outside of where those with short-distance commutes demand to reside, regardless of whether their commuting demand is for service or industrial jobs. (3) There are three optimization patterns for transit services to increase job accessibility in various areas. These patterns involve areas with inadequate job opportunities, poor transit services to service jobs, and poor transit services to industrial jobs. Developing current transit facilities or new transit alternatives as well as adding extra jobs near housing could improve jobs–housing imbalance in these areas. Findings from this study could guide the allocation of jobs and housing as well as the development of transport to reduce residents’ commuting burdens and promote transportation equity. The method used in this study can be applied to evaluate jobs–housing imbalance from the perspective of the supply in other metropolises.

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