Study on force-chain-resistance network structure of pressure control granular material

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhao Zhu ◽  
Enyuan Dong ◽  
Yu Zhu ◽  
Yongxing Wang ◽  
Sheng Yin
Keyword(s):  
Granular Material ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Force Chain ◽  
Resistance Network

scholarly journals Sealing Mechanism Based on Force Chain and Experimental Investigation of Sealing Fractures

Lithosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (Special 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Bao ◽  
Chengyu Zhou ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Zhenfu Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Force Chain ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Technological Problem ◽  
Material System ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Seal Integrity ◽  
Strong Force ◽  
Sealing Zone ◽  
Sealing Mechanism

Abstract Lost circulation often occurs in fractured formations, which was a main technological problem during drilling. Conventional lost circulation material (LCM) was often used to form a plugging zone to prevent fluid loss during drilling. The formed seal was a granular material system composed of LCMs. This paper presented the physical mechanism of the force chain within the plugging zone. The seal performance is related to the properties of LCMs. A device for testing seal performance of LCMs with long fracture was developed. The effects of LCM performance on seal integrity were investigated using a plugging device with long fracture. The results showed that the wide particle size distribution (PSD) of LCMs tended to form a strong force chain network structure within the sealing zone. Increasing the stiffness and roughness of LCMs resulted in higher breaking pressure. The addition of fiber with high length-diameter ratio could improve the shear strength of the sealing zone and form a strong force chain network structure, and it can reduce fluid loss.

scholarly journals Force chain and contact cycle evolution in a dense granular material under shallow penetration

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tordesillas ◽  
C. A. H. Steer ◽  
D. M. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Granular Material ◽  
Granular Media ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Dead Zone ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Force Chain ◽  
Force Chains ◽  
Contact Network ◽  
Flat Punch ◽  
Self Organisation

Abstract. The mechanical response of a dense granular material submitted to indentation by a rigid flat punch is examined. The resultant deformation is viewed as a process of self-organisation. Four aspects of the mechanical response (i.e. indentation resistance, failure, Reynolds' dilatancy, the undeforming "dead zone") are explored with respect to the linear and cyclic structural building blocks of granular media self-organisation: force chains and contact network cycles. Formation and breaking of 3-cycle contacts preferentially occur around and close to the punch uncovering a "dilation zone". This zone encapsulates (i) most of the indentation resistance and is populated by force chains consisting of six or more particles, (ii) all buckling force chains, and (iii) a central, near-triangular, undeforming cluster of grains beneath the punch face. Force chain buckling is confined to the zone's outer regions, beneath the corners and to the sides of the punch where surface material heave forms. Grain rearrangements here involve the creation of 6-, 7-, and 8-cycles – in contrast with Reynolds' postulated cubic packing rearrangements (i.e. 3-cycles opening up to form 4-cycles). In between these intensely dilatant regions lies a compacted triangular grain cluster which moves in near-rigid body with the punch when jammed, but this dead zone unjams and deforms in the failure regimes when adjacent force chains buckle. The long force chains preferentially percolate from the punch face, through the dead zone, fanning downwards and outwards into the material.

Ultra-Rapid Freezing of Isolated Skeletal Muscle Fibers

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
Joachim R. Sommer ◽  
Nancy R. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Granular Material ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Intracellular Calcium ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
Rapid Freezing ◽  
Frog Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Electrical Isolation

After Howell (1) had shown that ruthenium red treatment of fixed frog skeletal muscle caused collapse of the intermediate cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), forming a pentalaminate structure by obi iterating the SR lumen, we demonstrated that the phenomenon involves the entire SR including the nuclear envelope and that it also occurs after treatment with other cations, including calcium (2,3,4).From these observations we have formulated a hypothesis which states that intracellular calcium taken up by the SR at the end of contraction causes the M rete to collapse at a certain threshold concentration as the first step in a subsequent centrifugal zippering of the free SR toward the junctional SR (JSR). This would cause a) bulk transport of SR contents, such as calcium and granular material (4) into the JSR and, b) electrical isolation of the free SR from the JSR.

Effect of Some Metabolic Inhibitors on Vinblastine-Induced Ribosomal-Granular Material Complexes

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
Awtar Krishan ◽  
Dora Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Granular Material ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Protein And Rna Synthesis ◽  
Apparent Reduction ◽  
Plant Alkaloids ◽  
In Cells

Cells exposed to antitumor plant alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine sulfate have large proteinacious crystals and complexes of ribosomes, helical polyribosomes and electron-dense granular material (ribosomal complexes) in their cytoplasm, Binding of H3-colchicine by the in vivo crystals shows that they contain microtubular proteins. Association of ribosomal complexes with the crystals suggests that these structures may be interrelated.In the present study cultured human leukemic lymphoblasts (CCRF-CEM), were incubated with protein and RNA-synthesis inhibitors, p. fluorophenylalanine, puromycin, cycloheximide or actinomycin-D before the addition of crystal-inducing doses of vinblastine to the culture medium. None of these compounds could completely prevent the formation of the ribosomal complexes or the crystals. However, in cells pre-incubated with puromycin, cycloheximide, or actinomycin-D, a reduction in the number and size of the ribosomal complexes was seen. Large helical polyribosomes were absent in the ribosomal complexes of cells treated with puromycin, while in cells exposed to cycloheximide, there was an apparent reduction in the number of ribosomes associated with the ribosomal complexes (Fig. 2).

An alter-centric perspective on employee innovation: The importance of alters’ creative self-efficacy and network structure.

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1360-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis J. Grosser ◽  
Vijaya Venkataramani ◽  
Giuseppe (Joe) Labianca
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Creative Self

Türkiye'de iller arası göçlerin nodexl ile sosyal ağ analizi

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Yakar ◽  
Fatma Sert Eteman
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Migration Flow ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Provincial Scale

Türkiye'de 20.yy'ın ortasından itibaren başlayan iç göçler zamanla kurulan göçmen ağları ile süreklilik kazanmış ve ülke içinde nüfusun kır-kent dağılımını değiştirecek boyutlara erişmiştir. Araştırma, göçün doğum yeri verisinden hareketle ikamet edilen yerdeki nüfus miktarına göre alınan ve verilen göç akışının büyüklüğünü iller ölçeğinde yönlü ağlar kullanılarak analiz edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada, TÜİK tarafından yayınlanmış olan 2015 yılına ait, iller ölçeğinde doğum yerine göre ikamet yeri verisi kullanılmıştır. Göçün kaynak ve hedef sahaları arasındaki akışını incelemek için NodeXL ile oluşturulan tek modlu, yönlü ve ağırlıklandırılmış göç ağının istatistiksel olarak tam ağ yapısına sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ağ grafiklerinden ve istatistiklerinden göç hareketinin doğudan batıya doğru gerçekleştiği ve İstanbul’ un ülkenin tamamına hâkim bir görünüme sahip olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Türkiye nüfusunun cumhuriyet tarihi içinde geçirdiği iç göç süreçleriyle birlikte ülke içinde kurulmuş ve oldukça karmaşık bir görünüme sahip ağ yapısının olduğu ileri sürülebilir. Kurulan ağlar göçlerin devamını sağladığı gibi, göçün yöneldiği merkezlerde daha heterojen nüfus yapılarının ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHSocial Network Analysis of Migration Inter Provinces In Turkey with Nodexl The internal migrations which started in Turkey in the middle of the 20th century have gained permanency with the migration networks that were established at the time and reached dimensions which have the potential to change the rural-urban distribution of the population within the country.  The study aims to analyze the magnitude of the incoming and outgoing migration flow at the provincial scale based on the population data for place of birth according to place of residence by using directional networks. Place of residence according to place of birth at the provincial scale data for 2015 published by TÜİK was used in the study. A single mode, directional and weighted migration network created with NodeXL to examine the migration flows between the source and target has a statistically complete network structure. The network graphs and statistics show that the migrations have taken place from east to west and Istanbul has a view as dominant of the country. It can be argued that internal network structure of Turkish population has  a very complex view because of internal migration in the history of the republic. The established networks have enabled the continuation of migration and have manifested as the emergence of more heterogeneous population structures in centers where migration had been directed.

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