scholarly journals Open-source simulator for ATHENA X-ray telescope optics

Author(s):  
Giorgia Sironi ◽  
Daniele Spiga ◽  
Alberto Moretti ◽  
Giovanni Pareschi ◽  
Gianpiero Tagliaferri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Sanchez del Rio ◽  
Luca Rebuffi ◽  
Janez Demsar ◽  
Niccolo Canestrari ◽  
Oleg Chubar

Author(s):  
Alexandra Roberts ◽  
John True ◽  
Nathan T. Jessurun ◽  
Dr. Navid Asadizanjani

Abstract Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) play a critical role in everyday electronic systems, therefore the quality and assurance of the functionality for these systems is a topic of great interest to the government and industry. PCB manufacturing has been largely outsourced to cut manufacturing costs in comparison with the designing and testing of PCBs which still retains a large presence domestically. This offshoring of manufacturing has created a surge in the supply chain vulnerability for potential adversaries to garner access and attack a device via a malicious modification. Current hardware assurance and verification methods are based on electrical and optical tests. These tests are limited in the detection of malicious hardware modifications, otherwise known as Hardware Trojans. For PCB manufacturing there has been an increase in the use of automated X-ray inspection. These inspections can validate a PCB’s functionality during production. Such inspections mitigate process errors in real time but are unable to perform highresolution characterization on multi-layer fully assembled PCBs. In this paper, several X-ray reconstruction methods, ranging from proprietary to open-source, are compared. The high-fidelity, commercial NRecon software for SkyScan 2211 Multi-scale X-ray micro-Tomography system is compared to various methods from the ASTRA Toolbox. The latter is an open-source, transparent approach to reconstruction via analytical and iterative methods. The toolbox is based on C++ and MEX file functions with MATLAB and Python wrappers for analysis of PCB samples. In addition, the differences in required imaging parameters and the resultant artifacts generated by planar PCBs are compared to the imaging of cylindrical biological samples. Finally, recommendations are made for improving the ASTRA Toolbox reconstruction results and guidance is given on the appropriate scenarios for each algorithm in the context of hardware assurance for PCBs.


2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinita Navalkar ◽  
Kulinder PAL Singh ◽  
Mehernosh Press

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pelliciari ◽  
D. Spiga ◽  
E. Bonnini ◽  
E. Buffagni ◽  
C. Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1073-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Mariani ◽  
Andrew Morgan ◽  
Chun Hong Yoon ◽  
Thomas J. Lane ◽  
Thomas A. White ◽  
...  

This article describes a free and open-source data analysis utility designed for fast online feedback during serial X-ray diffraction and scattering experiments:OnDA(online data analysis). Three complete real-time monitors for common types of serial X-ray imaging experiments are presented. These monitors are capable of providing the essential information required for quick decision making in the face of extreme rates of data collection. In addition, a set of modules, functions and algorithms that allow developers to modify the provided monitors or develop new ones are provided. The emphasis here is on simple, modular and scalable code that is based on open-source libraries and protocols.OnDAmonitors have already proven to be invaluable tools in several experiments, especially for scoring and monitoring of diffraction data during serial crystallography experiments at both free-electron laser and synchrotron facilities. It is felt that in the future the kind of fast feedback thatOnDAmonitors provide will help researchers to deal with the expected very high throughput data flow at next-generation facilities such as the European X-ray free-electron laser.


2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiguang Liu ◽  
Alexander Hexemer ◽  
Peter H. Zwart

Small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering experiments are broadly applied to study biomolecular structure and dynamics. This article presents theSmall Angle Scattering ToolBox(SASTBX), which provides a wide-ranging functionality for the analysis of biological small-angle scattering data, from data reduction to model reconstruction and refinement. TheSASTBXis an open-source package, which is freely available at http://sastbx.als.lbl.gov.


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