Towards the development of backing layer for piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaustav Roy ◽  
Anuj Ashok ◽  
Kritank Kalyan ◽  
Vijayendra Shastri ◽  
Anthony Jeyaseelan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Transducers ◽  
Backing Layer

scholarly journals An Improved Equivalent Circuit Simulation of High Frequency Ultrasound Transducer

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhitian Shen ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Zhangjian Li ◽  
Youwei Chen ◽  
Yaoyao Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Circuit Simulation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Ultrasound Transducer ◽  
Ultrasound Transducers ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Matching Layer ◽  
Backing Layer ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

The equivalent circuit simulation plays an important role in the design of ultrasound transducer. However, the existing methods are difficult to achieve the effect of matching and backing layer, and not able to accurately simulate the transducer with cable. Especially in the application of high frequency ultrasound, the long cable has a great influence on the performance of the transducer. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposed an improved equivalent circuit method, which combined Leach model and transmission line model. It can realize the complete simulation of ultrasound transducer with a long cable, matching layer, and backing layer in PSPICE circuit simulation software when the parameters were measured. Its principles were briefly introduced, and ultrasound transducers with different frequencies (12 and 20 MHz), different matching layers, and different cable lengths (0.5–2.5 m) were designed and fabricated to verify the effectiveness of the method, which is also compared with the traditional KLM method using PiezoCAD. The experiment results showed that the long cable, matching layer, and backing layer have a significant impact on the performance of high frequency ultrasound transducers, and this proposed method has good agreement with these results. Moreover, for the simulation of the complete transducer, the effect of this method is better than KLM model. Besides, this method does not need to know the specific equivalent circuit of matching, backing layer, or cable wire, it can accurately predict the impedance and phase of the transducer through the material parameters, which is very helpful for the material selection and optimization of subsequent transducer design and fabrication. The study indicates that this improved equivalent circuit method is suitable to be applied in the general circuit simulation software and provides strong support for the high frequency transducer and system design.

Recent Progress In High-Resolution Shadowing For Biological Transmission Electron Microscopy

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 510-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Gross ◽  
Katarina Krusche ◽  
Peter Tittmann
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Vacuum Equipment ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Gas Atmosphere ◽  
Gas Molecules ◽  
Residual Gas ◽  
Backing Layer

Freeze-drying followed by heavy metal shadowing is a long established and straight forward approach to routinely study the structure of dehydrated macromolecules. Very thin specimens such as isolated membranes or single macromolecules are directly adsorbed on C-coated grids. After rapid freezing the grids are transferred into a suitable vacuum equipment for freeze-drying and heavy metal shadowing.To improve the resolution power of shadowing films we introduced shadowing at very low specimen temperature (−250°C). To routinely do that without the danger of contamination we developed in collaboration with Balzers an UHV (p≤10-9 mbar) machine (BAF500K, Fig.2). It should be mentioned here that at −250°C the specimen surface acts as effective cryopump for practically all impinging residual gas molecules from the residual gas atmosphere.Common high resolution shadowing films (Pt/C, Ta/W) have to be protected from alterations due to air contact by a relatively thick C-backing layer, when transferred via atmospheric conditions into the TEM. Such an additional C-coat contributes disturbingly to the contrast at high resolution.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an automatic method for detection of defects in linear and curvilinear ultrasound transducers

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Robert Lorentsson ◽  
Nasser Hosseini ◽  
Lars Gunnar Månsson ◽  
Magnus Båth
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Transducers ◽  
Automatic Method ◽  
Detection Of Defects

scholarly journals Bone-adhesive barrier membranes based on alendronate-functionalized poly(2-oxazoline)s

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María J. Sánchez-Fernández ◽  
Manon Peerlings ◽  
Rosa P. Félix Lanao ◽  
Johan C. M. E. Bender ◽  
Jan C. M. van Hest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Barrier Membranes ◽  
Backing Layer

Novel bone-adhesive barrier membranes were successfully developed using a solvent-free approach by combining an occlusive polyester backing layer with a gelatin carrier impregnated with calcium-binding alendronate-functionalized poly(2-oxazoline)s.

scholarly journals Mechanics of an adhesive tape in a zero degree peel test: effect of large deformation and material nonlinearity

Soft Matter ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (47) ◽  
pp. 9681-9692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Yuen Hui ◽  
Zezhou Liu ◽  
Helen Minsky ◽  
Costantino Creton ◽  
Matteo Ciccotti
Keyword(s):  
Large Deformation ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Material Nonlinearity ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
Pressure Sensitive Adhesive ◽  
Pressure Sensitive ◽  
Zero Degree ◽  
The Common ◽  
Backing Layer

The common pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) tape is a composite consisting of a stiff backing layer and a soft adhesive layer.

scholarly journals A novel method for estimating the focal size of two confocal high-intensity focused ultrasound transducers

2005 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 3740-3749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Shiang Chen ◽  
Ping-Mo Ma ◽  
Hao-Li Liu ◽  
Chih-Kuang Yeh ◽  
Min-Shin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Transducers ◽  
Novel Method

scholarly journals The ultrasound unit and infection control – Are we on the right track?

Ultrasound ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C Westerway ◽  
Jocelyne M Basseal
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Ultrasound Transducers ◽  
Awareness Campaign ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
The Right ◽  
Current Guidelines

Best practice guidelines for the disinfection of ultrasound transducers and infection prevention in ultrasound departments are generally recommended by either government health groups or the ultrasound societies of individual countries. The literature shows a wide variance in not only transducer cleaning methods but basic hygiene practices in the ultrasound workplace. This paper describes results from a UK survey of disinfection of ultrasound transducers and hygiene practice in the workplace. The survey revealed that some ultrasound practitioners did not follow current guidelines with regard to the correct disinfection method of transducers, cords or ultrasound machine keyboards. Furthermore, the survey exposed the lack of training from the product manufacturers on how to use the disinfection product appropriately. These inconsistencies may be responsible for compliance issues and highlight the need for an awareness campaign and a unified approach to infection control by ultrasound practitioners.

scholarly journals Design of a Broadband Electrical Impedance Matching Network for Piezoelectric Ultrasound Transducers Based on a Genetic Algorithm

Sensors ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 6828-6843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfei An ◽  
Kezhu Song ◽  
Shuangxi Zhang ◽  
Junfeng Yang ◽  
Ping Cao
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Ultrasound Transducers ◽  
Matching Network
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