Toward high-performance UV spectroscopy in astrophysics: EBL-enabled diffraction gratings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall L. McEntaffer
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffraction Gratings

Sulphonamide: Distribution, Toxicology, Environmental Characteristics, and Analysis - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirubanandam Grace Pavithra ◽  
Vasudevan Jaikumar ◽  
Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar ◽  
PanneerSelvam SundarRajan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Fluorometric Determination ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The World

Background: Many antibiotics were widely used as medication based on their distinctive features. Among them, sulphonamides were commonly used, however their recalcitrant nature makes them difficult to dispose. Hence, their interaction with environment and analytic technique requires considerable attention globally. Objective: Therefore, this review aimed to provide detailed discussion about environmental as well as human health behaviour and analytic techniques corresponding to sulphonamides. Methods: Various results and discussion were extracted from technical journals and books published by different researchers from all over the world. The cited bibliographic references were intentionally investigated in order to extract relevant information related to proposed work. Results: In this review, the determination techniques such as UV-spectroscopy, Enthalpimetry, Immunosensor, Chromatography, Chemiluminescence, Photoinduced fluorometric determination, Capillary electrophoresis for sulphonamide determination were discussed in detail. Among them, High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV-spectroscopy was effective and extensively used for screening sulphonamide. Conclusion: Knowing the quantification and behaviour of sulphonamide in aqueous solution is mandatory to opt the suitable wastewater treatment required. Hence, choosing appropriate high precision and feasible screening techniques is necessary, which can be attained with this review.

Review of characteristics and analytical methods for determination of indomethacin

2022 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-62
Author(s):  
Andrea Dandić ◽  
Katarina Rajkovača ◽  
Marija Jozanović ◽  
Iva Pukleš ◽  
Aleksandar Széchenyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the first choice of treatment for rheumatic disorders and other degenerative inflammatory diseases. One of them, indomethacin (INDO), is highlighted in this study. With its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties, it is one of the most powerful drugs used in various clinical trials and therapies related to the mechanism of blocking prostaglandin synthesis, thus reducing and eliminating many inflammatory conditions in patients. To ensure the efficacy and safety of this drug in pharmaceutical and clinical use, precise product quality control is required. Such control is performed with routine pharmaceutical analysis using various chemical methods by which INDO is identified as a separate active ingredient in the multicomponent system of a complete pharmaceutical form. In addition, the determination of INDO is important in clinical practice, where its concentration is determined in different biological samples, ensuring better monitoring of a particular therapy. The most commonly used methods for the determination of INDO are high-performance liquid chromatography (37% of developed methods), voltammetry (16% of developed methods), and UV spectroscopy (11% of developed methods). However, each of these methods must provide precise validation parameters. A combination of analytical methods can lead to more precise results and safer application in practice.

scholarly journals Role of the Phenylalanine-Hydroxylating System in Aromatic Substance Degradation and Lipid Metabolism in the Oleaginous Fungus Mortierella alpina

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 3225-3233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongchao Wang ◽  
Haiqin Chen ◽  
Guangfei Hao ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Yun Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phenylalanine Hydroxylase ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Mortierella Alpina ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Aromatic Substance

ABSTRACTMortierella alpinais a filamentous fungus commonly found in soil that is able to produce lipids in the form of triacylglycerols that account for up to 50% of its dry weight. Analysis of theM. alpinagenome suggests that there is a phenylalanine-hydroxylating system for the catabolism of phenylalanine, which has never been found in fungi before. We characterized the phenylalanine-hydroxylating system inM. alpinato explore its role in phenylalanine metabolism and its relationship to lipid biosynthesis. Significant changes were found in the profile of fatty acids inM. alpinagrown on medium containing an inhibitor of the phenylalanine-hydroxylating system compared toM. alpinagrown on medium without inhibitor. Genes encoding enzymes involved in the phenylalanine-hydroxylating system (phenylalanine hydroxylase [PAH], pterin-4α-carbinolamine dehydratase, and dihydropteridine reductase) were expressed heterologously inEscherichia coli, and the resulting proteins were purified to homogeneity. Their enzymatic activity was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or visible (Vis)-UV spectroscopy. Two functional PAH enzymes were observed, encoded by distinct gene copies. A novel role for tetrahydrobiopterin in fungi as a cofactor for PAH, which is similar to its function in higher life forms, is suggested. This study establishes a novel scheme for the fungal degradation of an aromatic substance (phenylalanine) and suggests that the phenylalanine-hydroxylating system is functionally significant in lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Isolation of Luteoline fromCentaurea behenL. Grown in Iran

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Esmaeili ◽  
Zahra Mousavi ◽  
Maryam Shokrollahi ◽  
Ali Shafaghat
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Multiple Bond ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Flavonoids are secondary metabolites providing Ultraviolet-visible (UV) spectroscopy protection and color in almost all terrestrial plants and fruits. They have a fused ring system consisting of an aromatic ring and a benzopyran ring with a phenyl substituent. As their biological activities have an impact on human health, they serve as target molecules in the development of new drugs. The objective of this research was to study the antioxidant activity and chemical analysis of the luteoline fromCentaurea behenL. (Compositae family). The aerial parts of powdered and driedC. behenwere extracted with methanol (MeOH) in a Soxhlet apparatus over a period of 2 days. The concentrated total extract was extracted with petroleum ether, diethylether, and methanol. From the methanol extract of the aerial parts ofC. behen, the flavonoid derivative (luteoline) was identified. The aerial parts’ extract demonstrated effective antioxidant activity measured in terms of half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). The product extract has been isolated by UV, column chromatography (CC), and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structures involved were elucidated by1H and13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation (HMBC) spectra. The compound identified had not been reported in previous studies ofC. behenL.

scholarly journals Deficient lipoxin synthesis: a novel platelet dysfunction in myeloproliferative disorders with special reference to blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 2989-2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Stenke ◽  
C Edenius ◽  
J Samuelsson ◽  
JA Lindgren
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Platelet Dysfunction ◽  
Blastic Crisis ◽  
Leukotriene A4 ◽  
12 Lipoxygenase

The capacity to convert exogenous leukotriene A4 to lipoxins (LXs) was investigated in platelet suspensions from patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) (n = 22) and healthy control subjects (n = 14). Platelets isolated from the controls produced mainly LXA4, but also 6(S)-LXA4 and the all-trans isomers of lipoxins A4 and B4, as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and computerized UV spectroscopy. In comparison to control levels, the mean LX synthesis was significantly lower in platelets from the MPD patients (438.7 +/- 62.8 and 157.4 +/- 31.2 pmol LXA4 per 10(9) platelets, respectively; mean +/- SEM; P = .0001). Platelets from six of the patients showed a particularly low capacity to produce LXs, resulting in LX levels below the detection limit or less than 7% of mean control levels. Notably, all these patients were in blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). This severely deficient LX production was paralleled by a dramatically attenuated conversion of arachidonic acid to 12-HETE (12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid), a product formed via the prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase pathway, was normal. In addition, longitudinal studies of CML patients showed that blastic metamorphosis was associated with a markedly reduced capability to synthesize LXs, while this capacity improved after retransformation into a second chronic phase. The results reveal deficient LX synthesis as a novel platelet dysfunction in MPD, particularly in blastic crisis of CML in which an essentially abolished 12-lipoxygenase activity may be a general phenomenon.

scholarly journals Deficient lipoxin synthesis: a novel platelet dysfunction in myeloproliferative disorders with special reference to blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 2989-2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Stenke ◽  
C Edenius ◽  
J Samuelsson ◽  
JA Lindgren
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Platelet Dysfunction ◽  
Blastic Crisis ◽  
Leukotriene A4 ◽  
12 Lipoxygenase

Abstract The capacity to convert exogenous leukotriene A4 to lipoxins (LXs) was investigated in platelet suspensions from patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) (n = 22) and healthy control subjects (n = 14). Platelets isolated from the controls produced mainly LXA4, but also 6(S)-LXA4 and the all-trans isomers of lipoxins A4 and B4, as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and computerized UV spectroscopy. In comparison to control levels, the mean LX synthesis was significantly lower in platelets from the MPD patients (438.7 +/- 62.8 and 157.4 +/- 31.2 pmol LXA4 per 10(9) platelets, respectively; mean +/- SEM; P = .0001). Platelets from six of the patients showed a particularly low capacity to produce LXs, resulting in LX levels below the detection limit or less than 7% of mean control levels. Notably, all these patients were in blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). This severely deficient LX production was paralleled by a dramatically attenuated conversion of arachidonic acid to 12-HETE (12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid), a product formed via the prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase pathway, was normal. In addition, longitudinal studies of CML patients showed that blastic metamorphosis was associated with a markedly reduced capability to synthesize LXs, while this capacity improved after retransformation into a second chronic phase. The results reveal deficient LX synthesis as a novel platelet dysfunction in MPD, particularly in blastic crisis of CML in which an essentially abolished 12-lipoxygenase activity may be a general phenomenon.

Second and Third Derivatives of UV Spectra as a Tool for Identification of Major Anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa Extract, Separated Using Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1443-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Minkiewicz ◽  
Barbara Pliszka ◽  
Jerzy Dziuba ◽  
Jan Oszmiański
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Black Chokeberry ◽  
Derivatives Of

The aim of the study was to propose a method for identification of major anthocyanins in black chokeberry: cyanidin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside and cyanidin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside, using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on line with UV spectroscopy. The similarity indexes between standard spectra and spectra of major components of black chokeberry extract were calculated. The calculations were performed for zero-order spectra and first-fifth derivatives. Only the second and third derivatives of UV spectra provided correct identification of the compounds investigated. Third derivatives of spectra gave higher values of the parameters (calculated using Student's test) indicating statistical significance between similarity indexes to the derivatives of spectra of anthocyanin standards. Third derivative UV spectroscopy may be thus recommended as a tool to identify anthocyanins.

Direct Coupling of High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography with UV Spectroscopy and IR-MALDI Orthogonal TOF MS for the Analysis of Cyanobacterial Toxins

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 3858-3866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Meisen ◽  
Ute Distler ◽  
Johannes Müthing ◽  
Stefan Berkenkamp ◽  
Klaus Dreisewerd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Direct Coupling ◽  
Cyanobacterial Toxins ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Tof Ms
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