Optical fiber as distributed acoustic sensing element with improved Rayleigh backscattering sensitivity and robustness under elevated temperature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongchao Wu ◽  
Andrei Stolov ◽  
Kenneth Feder
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Rayleigh Backscattering ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing

scholarly journals Enhanced Optical Fiber for Distributed Acoustic Sensing beyond the Limits of Rayleigh Backscattering

iScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 101137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Westbrook ◽  
Kenneth S. Feder ◽  
Tristan Kremp ◽  
Eric M. Monberg ◽  
Hongchao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Rayleigh Backscattering ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Optical fiber distributed acoustic sensing based on the self-interference of Rayleigh backscattering

Measurement ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 222-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Shang ◽  
Yuanhong Yang ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Chang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
The Self ◽  
Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Rayleigh Backscattering ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Towards multi-method geophysical sensing on submarine cables 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongwen Zhan ◽  
Mattia Cantono ◽  
Jorge Castellanos ◽  
Miguel González Herráez ◽  
Zhensheng Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Interferometry ◽  
Distributed Sensing ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Submarine Cable ◽  
Geophysical Research ◽  
Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Rayleigh Backscattering ◽  
Submarine Earthquakes ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Submarine Cables

<p>The oceans present a major gap in geophysical instrumentation, hindering fundamental research on submarine earthquakes and the Earth’s interior structure, as well as effective earthquake and tsunami warning for offshore events. Emerging fiber-optic sensing technologies that can leverage submarine telecommunication cables present an new opportunity in filling the data gap. Marra et al. (2018) turned a 96 km long submarine cable into a sensitive seismic sensor using ultra-stable laser interferometry of a round-tripped signal. Another technology, Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), interrogates intrinsic Rayleigh backscattering and converts tens of kilometers of dedicated fiber into thousands of seismic strainmeters on the seafloor (e.g., Lindsey et al., 2019; Sladen et al., 2019; Williams et al., 2019; Spica et al., 2020). Zhan et al. (2021) successfully sensed seismic and water waves over a 10,000 km long submarine cable connecting Los Angeles and Valparaiso, by monitoring the polarization of regular optical telecommunication channels. However, these new technologies have substantially different levels of sensitivity, coverage, spatial resolution, and scalability. In this talk, we advocate that strategic combinations of the different sensing techniques (including conventional geophysical networks) are necessary to provide the broadest coverage of the seafloor while making high-fidelity, physically interpretable measurements. Strategic collaborations between the geophysics community and telecommunication community without burdening the telecomm operation (e.g., by multiplexing or using regular telecom signals) will be critical to the long term success.</p><p> </p><p>Marra, G., C. Clivati, R. Luckett, A. Tampellini, J. Kronjäger, L. Wright, A. Mura, F. Levi, S. Robinson, A. Xuereb, B. Baptie, D. Calonico, 2018. Ultrastable laser interferometry for earthquake detection with terrestrial and submarine cables. Science, eaat4458.</p><p>Lindsey, N.J., T. C. Dawe, J. B. Ajo-Franklin, 2019. Illuminating seafloor faults and ocean dynamics with dark fiber distributed acoustic sensing. Science. <strong>366</strong>, 1103–1107.</p><p>Sladen, A., D. Rivet, J. P. Ampuero, L. De Barros, Y. Hello, G. Calbris, P. Lamare, 2019. Distributed sensing of earthquakes and ocean-solid Earth interactions on seafloor telecom cables. Nat Commun. <strong>10</strong>, 5777.</p><p>Spica, Z.J., Nishida, K., Akuhara, T., Pétrélis, F., Shinohara, M. and Yamada, T., 2020. Marine Sediment Characterized by Ocean‐Bottom Fiber‐Optic Seismology. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(16), p.e2020GL088360.</p><p>Williams, E.F., M. R. Fernández-Ruiz, R. Magalhaes, R. Vanthillo, Z. Zhan, M. González-Herráez, H. F. Martins, 2019. Distributed sensing of microseisms and teleseisms with submarine dark fibers. Nat Commun. <strong>10</strong>, 5778.</p><p>Zhan, Z., M. Cantono, V. Kamalov, A. Mecozzi, R. Muller, S. Yin, J.C. Castellanos, 2021. Optical polarization-based seismic and water wave sensing on transoceanic cables. Science, in press.</p>

scholarly journals Rose Parade Seismology: Signatures of Floats and Bands on Optical Fiber

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 2395-2398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Ethan F. Williams ◽  
Martin Karrenbach ◽  
Miguel González Herráez ◽  
Hugo Fidalgo Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Abstract The 2020 Rose Parade in Pasadena, California, was recorded by the Pasadena distributed acoustic sensing array, which utilizes the underground telecom fiber optic cables as sensors. The floats and bands generate remarkable broadband seismic signatures that can be captured at meters’ resolution.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Phase-Sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonas Muanenda
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensor ◽  
Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Rayleigh Backscattering ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Optical Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Optical Time

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) using coherent Rayleigh backscattering in an optical fiber has become a ubiquitous technique for monitoring multiple dynamic events in real time. It has continued to constitute a steadily increasing share of the fiber-optic sensor market, thanks to its interesting applications in many safety, security, and integrity monitoring systems. In this contribution, an overview of the recent advances of research in DAS based on phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (ϕ-OTDR) is provided. Some advanced techniques used to enhance the performance of ϕ-OTDR sensors for measuring backscattering intensity changes through reduction of measurement noise are presented, in addition to methods used to increase the dynamic measurement capacity of ϕ-OTDR schemes beyond conventional limits set by the sensing distance. Recent ϕ-OTDR configurations which significantly enhance the measurement spatial resolution, including those which decouple it from the probing pulse width, are also discussed. Finally, a review of recent advances in more precise quantitative measurement of an external impact based on frequency shift and phase demodulation methods using simple direct detection ϕ-OTDR schemes is given.

scholarly journals Preliminary assessment of shipping noise monitoring using Distributed Acoustic Sensing on an optical fiber telecom cable

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Rivet ◽  
Benoit de Cacqueray ◽  
Anthony Sladen ◽  
Aurélien Roques ◽  
Gaëtan Calbris
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Optical fiber hydrophone based on distributed acoustic sensing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
yang yang ◽  
Tuanwei Xu ◽  
Shengwen Feng ◽  
Jianfen Huang ◽  
Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing
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