In situ structural validation of components manufactured using fused filament fabrication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanzhou Fu ◽  
Austin Downey ◽  
Lang Yuan ◽  
Yunusa Balogun ◽  
Avery Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Structural Validation

Void reduction in fused filament fabrication (FFF) through in situ nozzle-integrated compression rolling of deposited filaments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Darshan Ravoori ◽  
Swapnil Salvi ◽  
Hardikkumar Prajapati ◽  
Momen Qasaimeh ◽  
Ashfaq Adnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fused Filament Fabrication

scholarly journals In-Situ Monitoring and Diagnosing for Fused Filament Fabrication Process Based on Vibration Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongxiang Li ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Qiushi Li ◽  
Tongcai Wang ◽  
Gong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Vibration Sensors

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is one of the most widely used additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and it has great potential in fabricating prototypes with complex geometry. For high quality manufacturing, monitoring the products in real time is as important as maintaining the FFF machine in the normal state. This paper introduces an approach that is based on the vibration sensors and data-driven methods for in-situ monitoring and diagnosing the FFF process. The least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) algorithm has been applied for identifying the normal and filament jam states of the FFF machine, besides fault diagnosis in real time. The identification accuracy for the case studies explored here using LS-SVM is greater than 90%. Furthermore, to ensure the product quality during the FFF process, the back-propagation neural network (BPNN) algorithm has been used to monitor and diagnose the quality defects, as well as the warpage and material stack caused by abnormal leakage for the products in-situ. The diagnosis accuracy for the case studies explored here using BPNN is greater than 95%. Results from the experiments show that the proposed approach can accurately recognize the machine failures and quality defects during the FFF process, thus effectively assuring the product quality.

In situ monitoring for fused filament fabrication process: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 101749
Author(s):  
Yanzhou Fu ◽  
Austin Downey ◽  
Lang Yuan ◽  
Avery Pratt ◽  
Yunusa Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Fabrication Process ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication

scholarly journals Structure Development in Polymers during Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF): An in Situ Small- and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering Study Using Synchrotron Radiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (24) ◽  
pp. 9715-9723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Nogales ◽  
Edgar Gutiérrez-Fernández ◽  
Mari-Cruz García-Gutiérrez ◽  
Tiberio A. Ezquerra ◽  
Esther Rebollar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Structure Development ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Scattering Study ◽  
Ray Scattering

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Printed Antimicrobial Objects of Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Silver Nanoparticle Nanocomposite Filaments Produced by an In-Situ Reduction Reactive Melt Mixing Process

Biomimetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nectarios Vidakis ◽  
Markos Petousis ◽  
Emmanouel Velidakis ◽  
Marco Liebscher ◽  
Lazaros Tzounis
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
P Value ◽  
In Situ Reduction ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Reactive Melt

In this study, an industrially scalable method is reported for the fabrication of polylactic acid (PLA)/silver nanoparticle (AgNP) nanocomposite filaments by an in-situ reduction reactive melt mixing method. The PLA/AgNP nanocomposite filaments have been produced initially reducing silver ions (Ag+) arising from silver nitrate (AgNO3) precursor mixed in the polymer melt to elemental silver (Ag0) nanoparticles, utilizing polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), respectively, as macromolecular blend compound reducing agents. PEG and PVP were added at various concentrations, to the PLA matrix. The PLA/AgNP filaments have been used to manufacture 3D printed antimicrobial (AM) parts by Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). The 3D printed PLA/AgNP parts exhibited significant AM properties examined by the reduction in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria viability (%) experiments at 30, 60, and 120 min duration of contact (p < 0.05; p-value (p): probability). It could be envisaged that the 3D printed parts manufactured and tested herein mimic nature’s mechanism against bacteria and in terms of antimicrobial properties, contact angle for their anti-adhesive behavior and mechanical properties could create new avenues for the next generation of low-cost and on-demand additive manufacturing produced personal protective equipment (PPE) as well as healthcare and nosocomial antimicrobial equipment.

scholarly journals In Situ Printing and Functionalization of Hybrid Polymer-Ceramic Composites Using a Commercial 3D Printer and Dielectrophoresis—A Novel Conceptual Design

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3979
Author(s):  
Georgios Tselikos ◽  
Shahid Rasul ◽  
Pim Groen ◽  
Chunchun Li ◽  
Jibran Khaliq
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Ceramic Particles

Three-dimensional printing-based additive manufacturing has emerged as a new frontier in materials science, with applications in the production of functionalized polymeric-based hybrid composites for various applications. In this work, a novel conceptual design was conceived in which an AC electric field was integrated into a commercial 3D printer (-based fused filament fabrication (FFF) working principle) to in situ manufacture hybrid composites having aligned ceramic filler particles. For this work, the thermoplastic poly lactic acid (PLA) was used as a polymer matrix while 10 vol% KNLN (K0.485Na0.485Li0.03NbO3) ceramic particles were chosen as a filler material. The degree of alignment of the ceramic powders depended upon print speed, printing temperature and distance between electrodes. At 210 °C and a 1 kV/mm applied electric field, printed samples showed nearly complete alignment of ceramic particles in the PLA matrix. This research shows that incorporating electric field sources into 3D printing processes would result in in situ ceramic particle alignment while preserving the other benefits of 3D printing.

In-Situ Temperature Monitoring of ABS During Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) Process With Varying Process Parameters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youmna Mahmoud ◽  
Souran Manoochehri
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Bed Temperature

Abstract Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is presently one of the most commonly used Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology for various engineering applications. However, accuracy and stability remain a major challenge during AM processes. FFF is inherently a thermal process. So, it is important to analyze and monitor the temperature evolution of each deposited filament during and after printing. This work presents an in-situ temperature measurement setup with an infrared camera, used in collecting temperature profiles of printed layers. These temperature profiles were compared to a theoretical 1D heat transfer model, demonstrating good agreement between the two sets of data. The temperature measurement experiment has been repeated for different printing process parameters, namely print speed, flowrate, and bed temperature. The effect of fan cooling is also studied. These data play a significant role in determining the optimal settings needed to achieve the desired bonding between adjacent filaments. This can be concluded by studying the effect of changing the parameters on the cooling of each deposited filament concerning the material’s glass transition temperature. The average temperature of any two adjacent layers in a part has been evaluated and compared to the material’s glass transition temperature to provide a better insight on the quality of adhesion taking place. A visual inspection of the part has also been proven to be useful in evaluating the effect on the final quality.

Reinforced and toughened PP/PS composites prepared by Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) with in-situ microfibril and shish-kebab structure

Polymer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 121971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixin Jiang ◽  
Junjie Wu ◽  
Jie Leng ◽  
Ludwig Cardon ◽  
Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fused Filament Fabrication
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