The role of cations on contactless actuation of perfluorinated ionomer membranes in salt solution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Boldini ◽  
Youngsu Cha ◽  
Maurizio Porfiri
Keyword(s):  
Salt Solution ◽  
Ionomer Membranes

Role of osmotic suction in volume change of clays in salt solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfu Xu ◽  
Guosheng Xiang ◽  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Feifei Chu
Keyword(s):  
Volume Change ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Osmotic Suction

Variational Models of Pore Networks in Ionomer Membranes: The Role of Electrostatics

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Promislow ◽  
J. Jones ◽  
Z. Xu ◽  
N. Gavish ◽  
A. Christlieb
Keyword(s):  
Variational Models ◽  
Pore Networks ◽  
Ionomer Membranes

scholarly journals Neural Induction in Epidermal Explants in Liquid Medium

1942 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
S. C. SHEN
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Neural Induction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Experimental Series ◽  
Control Series ◽  
Chemical Action ◽  
Adequate Stimulation

1. Epidermal explants of axolotl gastrulae were cultivated for not less than 10 days in plain salt solution and that containing a water-soluble derivative of a carcinogenetic hydrocarbon, Na-1:2:5:6-dibenzanthracene-α-β-endo-succinate. 2. None of the explants in the control series showed neurulation, while over 60% of those in the experimental series showed definite and extensive neural differentiation. 3. The induced neural structures were in the form of more or less radially symmetrical neural balls, with no regional differentiations. 4. By avoiding the use of a solid implant and thus eliminating any possible mechanical role of an inductor, it proves clearly that, as far as evocation is concerned, the chemical action alone of the evocator constitutes an adequate stimulation.

Melanophore β-adrenoceptors in patterning in a flatfish, Pseudopleuronectes americanus

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Salt Solution ◽  
Winter Flounder ◽  
Dark Band ◽  
Pigment Dispersion ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Pseudopleuronectes Americanus ◽  
Adrenoceptor Agonists

In vitro experiments were performed on melanophores bourne on scale slips sampled from three major areas (general background, dark band, and white spot) of the integumentary pattern of winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum, 1792). The effects of the respective β1- and β2-adrenoceptor agonists dobutamine and terbutaline and antagonists atenolol and ICI 118551 on pattern-related melanosome aggregation in response to exogenously applied L-noradrenaline were determined, as well as their effects on melanosome dispersion in balanced salt solution. The results demonstrate β1-adrenoceptor mediation in flatfish melanosome dispersion, with pattern-related variation, and also provide further evidence for β2-subtype involvement. Based on mammalian physiology, two β-subtypes will facilitate melanophore responsiveness to both neural and circulatory catecholamines. The in vivo role of these β-subtypes is discussed in relation to previously described attributes of the patterning behaviour of this species, which incorporates balances between α- and β-adrenoceptors. Dark band melanophores display a β-adrenoceptor bias, in contrast with other areas of the pattern, which would be consistent with their capacity for pigment dispersion in stressed flounders and with the slow paling of these bands during background-related responses.

Adenine nucleotides, serotonin, and endothelium-dependent relaxations to platelets

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (3) ◽  
pp. H389-H395 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Houston ◽  
J. T. Shepherd ◽  
P. M. Vanhoutte
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Physiological Salt Solution ◽  
Contractile Effect ◽  
Prostaglandin F2 Alpha ◽  
Endothelium Dependent Relaxation ◽  
Serotonergic Antagonist

Aggregating platelets cause an endothelium-dependent relaxation of isolated contracted canine coronary arteries. The role of adenine nucleotides and of 5-hydroxytryptamine in causing this relaxation was determined. Rings of these arteries were suspended in organ chambers filled with physiological salt solution and contracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha. Adenosine diphosphate relaxed rings with intact endothelium but had no effect on endothelium-denuded rings. The relaxation was attenuated by the enzyme, apyrase, which hydrolyzes adenosine tri- and diphosphate. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) exerted a direct contractile effect mediated by the endothelium. The latter was prevented by the 5-HT1 serotonergic antagonist, methiothepin, but not by the 5-HT2 serotonergic antagonist, ketanserin. The endothelially mediated relaxation to aggregating platelets was prevented by apyrase but not by methiothepin or ketanserin. Responses to platelets were unaltered by the inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, meclofenamate. These experiments demonstrate the key role of adenine nucleotides in mediating the endothelium-dependent relaxation of canine coronary arteries to aggregating platelets.

Effect of L-NAME on pressure-flow relationships in isolated rabbit lungs: role of red blood cells

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (6) ◽  
pp. H1941-H1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Sprague ◽  
A. H. Stephenson ◽  
R. A. Dimmitt ◽  
N. L. Weintraub ◽  
C. A. Branch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Physiological Salt Solution ◽  
Rabbit Lung ◽  
Pressure Flow ◽  
Arteries And Veins

Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by and relaxes pulmonary arteries and veins; however, a role for NO as a participant in the control of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) remains to be defined. Here we investigated the hypothesis that for NO to serve as a determinant of PVR in the rabbit requires the presence of blood. In isolated blood-perfused rabbit lungs, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 100 microM) increased PVR and the slope of the pressure-flow relationship. These effects of L-NAME were prevented by pretreatment with L-arginine. In contrast, in lungs perfused with a physiological salt solution, L-NAME had no effect on PVR or the pressure-flow relationship. The addition of washed red blood cells (RBCs) to physiological salt solution, but not the addition of plasma and platelets, restored the response to L-NAME. This effect of RBCs was not reproduced by increasing perfusate viscosity with dextran. These results suggest that, in the rabbit lung, NO is a determinant of PVR in the presence of blood. Moreover, that aspect of blood that permits the generation of NO appears to be related to the RBC and not to perfusate viscosity.

scholarly journals Role of Cold Balanced Salt Solution (BSS) in the Prophylaxis of Cystoid Macular Edema After Cataract Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 15 ◽  
pp. 2519-2526
Author(s):  
Alessandro Meduri ◽  
Giovanni William Oliverio ◽  
Loredana Bergandi ◽  
Gabriella De Salvo ◽  
Rino Frisina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Cystoid Macular Edema ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Prospective Randomized Study

Role of refractive index in sum frequency generation intensity of salt solution interfaces

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1542-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Li ◽  
Rong-Juan Feng ◽  
Ji-Jin Wang ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Zhou Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Sum Frequency Generation ◽  
Sum Frequency ◽  
Frequency Generation
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