scholarly journals Pulse processing in TES detectors: comparative of different short filter methods based on optimal filtering: case study for Athena X-IFU

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Cobo ◽  
Nicolás Cardiel ◽  
María Teresa Ceballos ◽  
Philippe Peille
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Filtering ◽  
Pulse Processing ◽  
Filter Methods ◽  
Tes Detectors

scholarly journals Gap-Filling of a MODIS Normalized Difference Snow Index Product Based on the Similar Pixel Selecting Algorithm: A Case Study on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1077
Author(s):  
Muyi Li ◽  
Xiufang Zhu ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Yaozhong Pan
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Gap Filling ◽  
Filter Methods ◽  
Moderate Resolution ◽  
Filling Method ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
Normalized Difference Snow Index

Cloud contamination has largely limited the application of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) normalized difference snow index (NDSI). Here, a novel gap-filling method based on spatial-temporal similar pixel interpolation was proposed to remove cloud occlusions in MODIS NDSI products. First, the widely used Terra and Aqua combination and three-day temporal filter methods were applied. The remaining missing NDSI information was estimated by using similar eligible pixels in the remaining cloud-free portion of a target image through a spatial-temporal similar pixel selecting algorithm (SPSA). The MODIS daily NDSI product data from 2003 to 2018 in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (China) was used as a case study. The results demonstrate that the three-step methodology can generate almost completely cloud-free, daily MODIS NDSI images, reducing the cloud-gap fraction from >45% to less than 1.5% on average. The validation results of the SPSA method exhibited a high accuracy, with a high R2 exceeding 0.78, a low mean absolute error of 2.77%, a root mean square error of 3.78%, and a 96.92% overall accuracy. The proposed method can fill cloud gaps without a significant loss of accuracy, especially during snow cover transition periods (autumn and spring), which may provide more accurate cloud-free NDSI data for climate change and energy balance studies.

scholarly journals Performance of various speckle filter methods in modelling forest aboveground biomass using Sentinel-1 data: case study of Barru Regency, South Sulawesi

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Hendardi Giri Ananto ◽  
Ade Febri Sandhini Putri ◽  
Haeydar Anggara Hadi ◽  
Difa Nisrina Hanum ◽  
Bayu Kurnia Puji Wiryawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Filter Methods ◽  
Forest Aboveground Biomass

FILTER METHODS IN TRACK AND VERTEX RECONSTRUCTION

1996 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 521-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. REGLER ◽  
R. FRÜHWIRTH ◽  
W. MITAROFF
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Track Reconstruction ◽  
Pattern Recognition Methods ◽  
Least Squares Estimators ◽  
Filter Methods ◽  
M Estimator ◽  
Delphi Experiment ◽  
Reconstruction Strategy ◽  
Vertex Reconstruction

After a review of widely used pattern recognition methods we present the Kalman filter and the associated smoother as a recursive variant of conventional least squares estimators. We first discuss its application to the reconstruction of charged tracks, including simultaneous track finding and track fitting and a robustification of the filter. This section is concluded by a case study of track reconstruction strategy in the DELPHI experiment. The second part deals with vertex reconstruction, including the detection of outlying tracks. It is shown that the detection of secondary vertices can be further improved by a robustification of the vertex fit via the M-estimator.

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

Construction of plastic contact deformation maps on ceramics: a case study on aluminum nitride

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
D. L. Callahan
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminum Nitride ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bright Field Image ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Deformation Patterns

Modern polishing, precision machining and microindentation techniques allow the processing and mechanical characterization of ceramics at nanometric scales and within entirely plastic deformation regimes. The mechanical response of most ceramics to such highly constrained contact is not predictable from macroscopic properties and the microstructural deformation patterns have proven difficult to characterize by the application of any individual technique. In this study, TEM techniques of contrast analysis and CBED are combined with stereographic analysis to construct a three-dimensional microstructure deformation map of the surface of a perfectly plastic microindentation on macroscopically brittle aluminum nitride.The bright field image in Figure 1 shows a lg Vickers microindentation contained within a single AlN grain far from any boundaries. High densities of dislocations are evident, particularly near facet edges but are not individually resolvable. The prominent bend contours also indicate the severity of plastic deformation. Figure 2 is a selected area diffraction pattern covering the entire indentation area.

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