Au@NBT@Ag tags with different thickness of the metallic shell: synthesis and SERS properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Burov ◽  
Boris N. Khlebtsov ◽  
Nikolay G. Khlebtsov
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Shell ◽  
Different Thickness

The Ultrastructure of Monkey Gingival Epithelium

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
C.N. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Macaca Nemestrina ◽  
Stratum Granulosum ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽  
Stratum Spinosum ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Gingival Epithelium ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Thickness

The present study demonstrates the ultrastructure of the gingival epithelium of the pig tail monkey (Macaca nemestrina). Specimens were taken from lingual and facial gingival surfaces and fixed in Dalton's chrome osmium solution (pH 7.6) for 1 hr, dehydrated, and then embedded in Epon 812.Tonofibrils are variable in number and structure according to the different region or location of the gingival epithelial cells, the main orientation of which is parallel to the long axis of the cells. The cytoplasm of the basal epithelial cells contains a great number of tonofilaments and numerous mitochondria. The basement membrane is 300 to 400 A thick. In the cells of stratum spinosum, the tonofibrils are densely packed and increased in number (fig. 1 and 3). They seem to take on a somewhat concentric arrangement around the nucleus. The filaments may occur scattered as thin fibrils in the cytoplasm or they may be arranged in bundles of different thickness. The filaments have a diameter about 50 A. In the stratum granulosum, the cells gradually become flatted, the tonofibrils are usually thin, and the individual tonofilaments are clearly distinguishable (fig. 2). The mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are seldom seen in these superficial cell layers.

COMPARISON OF ELECTRON BEAM TRANSMISSION OF DIFFERENT ENERGIES WITH TWO DIFFERENT BLOCK MATERIALS AT DIFFERENT PLACEMENT POSITIONS WITHIN THE APPLICATOR

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navitha M ◽  
Jitendra Nigam ◽  
Silambarasan N S ◽  
Piyush Kumar ◽  
Pavan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Parallel Plane ◽  
Percentage Transmission ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Beam Transmission ◽  
Shielding Material ◽  
Different Thickness ◽  
Thick Lead ◽  
Lead Sheet

INTRODUCTION: Superficial tumors are treated with electron beams. Shielding blocks are used to conform to the shape of the tumor. These shielding blocks are usually kept at lower level of the applicator which is near the skin surface. The scattering property of electron may increase the surface dose which will increase with increasing electron energies. The purpose of this study is to compare electron beam transmission of different energies with two different block materials at different placement positions within the applicator. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cerrobend alloy (50%bismuth, 26.7%lead, 13.3%tin and 10%cadmium) and 1mm thick lead sheets (94%lead, 6%alloy) in Varian Clinac2300C/D linear accelerator with electron energies 6,9,12,16 and 20MeVs using 10x10 applicator at 3 different holding levels was used. Measurements with RW3 Slab phantom (Water equivalent), PPC05 Parallel Plane Chamber, Dose 1 electrometer was done. The slab phantom 30x30x10 cm3 aligned with PPC05 Parallel Plane Chamber (at R85 of respective energies). Readings measured for open and block fields, for different thickness of shielding material, at different placement positions within the applicator. The percentage transmission calculated manually. RESULTS: Using electron energies 6,9,12,16, and 20MeVs respectively the transmission% were: with lead sheet 1mm thickness-2.48%,8.69%,16.05%, 28.03% and 39.50% at lower placement position, 1.19%,3.76%,7.75%,15% and 23.99% at centre placement and 0.96%,3.02%,6.15% and 20.27% for upper placement; with 2mm thickness-0.89%,1.62%,3.66%, 8.95% and 16.35% at lower level, 0.60%,1.28%,2.54%,5.74% and 10.72% at centre level and 0.57%,0.94%, 2.12%,4.85% and 9.22% at upper level; with 3mm thickness-0.80%,1.53%,2.88%,5.29% and 9.42% at lower position, 0.52%,1.25%,2.06%,4.03% and 7.36% at centre position and 0.51%, 0.90%,1.78%,3.66% and 6.43% at upper position; with 4mm thickness- 0.75%,1.40%, 2.71%,4.81% and 7.76% at lower level, 0.50%,1.18%,1.95%,3.68% and 6.31% at center level and 0.51%,0.80%, 1.70%,3.34% and 5.65% at upper level; with 5mm thickness-0.73%, 1.30%,2.57%,4.56% and 7.20% at lower level, 0.45%,1.06%,1.81%,3.48% and 5.68% at center level and 0.47%,0.79%,1.61%,3.13% and 5.24% at upper level. For Cerrobend material 5mm thickness, the transmission at lower level are 0.79%,1.50%,2.98%,5.58% and 10.39%, at center level are 0.52%,0.99%,2.09%,4.12% and 7.67% and at upper level are 0.49%,0.91%, 1.82%,3.75% and 6.90% for the energies 6,9,12,16 and 20 MeV’s respectively. CONCLUSION: There is not much difference in the transmission values at centre and upper levels so as to keep nearer the skin, the centre position in electron applicator may be optimum. Lead sheets can be used since easy to prepare especially for rectangular or square shapes.

Bond Thickness Effects upon Dynamic Behaviour in Adhesive Joints

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 3920-3923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Cong He
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Adhesive Joints ◽  
Response Functions ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cantilevered Beam ◽  
Different Thickness

The influence of adhesive layer thickness on the dynamic behaviour of the single-lap adhesive joints is investigated in this paper. The ABAQUS finite element analysis (FEA) software was used to predict the frequency response functions (FRFs) of the single-lap adhesive joints of different thickness of the adhesive layer. As a reference, the FRFs of a cantilevered beam without joint were investigated as well. It is clear that the FRFs of the four beams are close to each other within the frequency range 0~1000 Hz. It is also found that the composite damping of the single-lap adhesive joint increases as the thickness of the adhesive layer increases.

scholarly journals 2-Piece Cork Stoppers as Alternative for Valorization of Thin Cork Planks: Analysis by LCA Methodology

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Flor-Montalvo ◽  
Agustín Sánchez-Toledo Ledesma ◽  
Eduardo Martínez Cámara ◽  
Emilio Jiménez-Macías ◽  
Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lca Methodology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Thickness ◽  
Cork Stoppers ◽  
Wine Bottle

Natural stoppers are a magnificent closure for the production of aging wines and unique wines, whose application is limited by the availability of raw materials and more specifically of cork sheets of different thickness and quality. The growing demand for quality wine bottle closures leads to the search for alternative stopper production. The two-piece stopper is an alternative since it uses non-usable plates in a conventional way for the production of quality caps. The present study has analyzed the impact of the manufacture of these two-piece stoppers using different methodologies and for different dimensions by developing an LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), concluding that the process phases of the plate, its boiling, and its stabilization, are the phases with the greatest impact. Likewise, it is detected that the impacts in all phases are relatively similar (for one kg of net cork produced), although the volumetric difference between these stoppers represents a significant difference in impacts for each unit produced.

scholarly journals Prediction of Effects of Geogrid Reinforced Granular Fill on the Behaviour of Static Liquefaction

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hemalatha ◽  
N. Mahendran ◽  
G. Ganesh Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Plate Load Test ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Static Liquefaction ◽  
Granular Fill ◽  
Size Dimension ◽  
Subgrade Modulus ◽  
Different Thickness

The experimental investigation on the effects of granular fill and geogrid reinforced granular fill on the behaviour of the static liquefaction potential of the subsoil is reported in this study. A series of plate load test were carried out with different thickness of the granular fill, number of geogrid layers, and size/dimension of the footing. The test results were presented in terms of bearing capacity and subgrade modulus for the settlement ofδ10,δ15, andδ20. The experimental results revealed that the introduction of granular fill significantly increases the bearing capacity and effectively control the settlement behaviour of the footing. The introduction of geogrid in granular fill enhanced the Percentage of Control in Settlement and Bearing Capacity Ratio by a maximum of 328.54% and 203.41%, respectively. The introduction of geogrid in granular fill interrupts the failure zone of the granular fill and enhances the subgrade modulus of the footing by a maximum of 255.55%; in addition subgrade modulus of the footing was increased with an increase in the number of geogrid layers. Based on the test results it is suggested that the footing with large size has beneficial improvement on the reinforced granular fill.

Preparation and Properties of Niobate Thin Films from Nanosheets

2010 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 201-203
Author(s):  
Jing Chu ◽  
Yu Lin Li ◽  
Bing Xu ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Phase Structure ◽  
Niobium Oxide ◽  
Oxide Thin Films ◽  
Transmittance Spectra ◽  
Different Thickness ◽  
Soaking Temperature

Niobium oxide thin films were successfully synthesized starting from niobate nanosheets. The microstructure of as-prepared nanosheets was observed by TEM. The morphology of niobate thin films was investigated by SEM. The phase structure was determined by XRD. The transmittance spectra of as-obtained niobium oxide thin films were measured, and the optical properties were studied. The influences of different thickness on optical properties were also analyzed. As-prepared niobium thin films were treated by being heated at different temperature. The effects of soaking temperature on the structure and optical properties of niobium oxide thin films were discussed in detail.

Electric Current Pulse Welding of Titanium with 18-10 Stainless Steel

2009 ◽  
Vol 83-86 ◽  
pp. 1251-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Grigoryev ◽  
V.N. Bazanov
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Current Pulse ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Electric Current Pulse ◽  
Pulse Effect ◽  
Different Thickness

The purpose of the work was to determine the capabilities of the pulse effect of electric current and pressure to produce welded joints of various component parts of different thickness from 18-10 stainless steel and titanium. Application of electric current pulses on the surfaces of contacting metallic conductors leads to considerable changes in the surface structure. Depending on the initial state of the surfaces and parameters of the pulse effect this can result in melting without formation of joints, formation of a strong welded joint with characteristics no worse than those of welded metals, and in destruction of the contact zone. A combination of a short electric pulse with simultaneous application of mechanical pressure in the weld zone causes high-speed deformation of the contact zone. The process of joint formation itself does not cause any appreciable diffusion during welding. The greatest energy emission and the maximal heating occur on the contacting surfaces being welded with the passage of an electric current pulse through the welding zone. Simultaneously with intensive heating, and due to applied pressure, high-speed deformation of materials takes place and a strong welded joint is formed. Optimal parameters for the welding of titanium and 18-10 stainless steel have been determined on the basis of the tests conducted. Investigations into the welding of titanium and 18-10 stainless steel have shown that application of a short electric current pulse and pressure produces stronger welded joints composed of both similar and different metals of considerably different thickness.

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