Ultrasonic sensor concepts and performance characterization for in situ monitoring during transient irradiation tests (Conference Presentation)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Ramuhalli ◽  
Joshua Daw ◽  
Andrew M. Casella ◽  
Matthew Prowant ◽  
Chris Hutchinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Sensor ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Performance Characterization ◽  
And Performance

Smart Sensor Technologies for Performance Optimization of Power Generating Assets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komandur Sunder Raj
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Wireless Sensors ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Embedded Sensors ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Smart Sensor ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Combustion Monitoring

Abstract Significant research is ongoing on several fronts in smart sensor technologies for optimizing the performance of power generating assets. The initiatives include: 1. Real-time models with advanced computational algorithms, embedded intelligence at sensor and component level for reducing operating costs, improving efficiencies, and lowering emissions. 2. Optical sapphire sensors for monitoring operation and performance of critical components in harsh environments, for improving accuracy of measurements in combustion monitoring, and lowering operating costs. 3. Wireless technologies using (a) microwave acoustic sensors for real-time monitoring of equipment in high temperature/pressure environments (b) integrated gas/temperature acoustic sensors for combustion monitoring in diverse harsh environment locations to improve combustion efficiency, reduce emissions, and lower maintenance costs (c) sensors for sensing temperature, strain and soot accumulation inside coal-fired boilers for detailed condition monitoring, better understanding of combustion and heat exchange processes, improved designs, more efficient operation. 4. Distributed optical fiber sensing system for real-time monitoring and optimization of high temperature profiles for improving efficiency and lowering emissions. 5. Smart parts with embedded sensors for in situ monitoring of multiple parameters in existing and new facilities. 6. Optimizing advanced 3D manufacturing processes for embedded sensors in components for harsh environments to reduce costs and improve efficiency of power generation facilities with carbon capture capabilities. 7. New energy-harvesting materials for powering wireless sensors in harsh environments, improving reliability of wireless sensors in demanding environments, and in-situ monitoring and performance of devices and systems. 8. Real-time, accurate and reliable monitoring of temperature at distributed locations of sensors in harsh environments for improving operations and reducing operating costs. 9. Algorithms and methodologies for designing control systems utilizing distributed intelligence for optimal control of power generation facilities. 10. Gas sensors for monitoring high temperatures in harsh environments for lowering operating costs and better control of operations. 11. Optimizing placement of smart sensors in networks for cognitive behavior and self-learning. This paper provides an overview of the initiatives in smart sensor technologies and their applications in optimizing the performance of power generating facilities.

Microstructure and performance characterization of in-situ Co2FeO4 whiskers reinforced YIG/YIG joints

2021 ◽  
pp. 111323
Author(s):  
Qianqian Chen ◽  
Panpan Lin ◽  
Xuanyu Du ◽  
Wumo Du ◽  
Tiesong Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Characterization ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Microstructure And Performance

scholarly journals A versatile, refrigerant- and cryogen-free cryofocusing–thermodesorption unit for preconcentration of traces gases in air

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 5265-5279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Obersteiner ◽  
Harald Bönisch ◽  
Timo Keber ◽  
Simon O'Doherty ◽  
Andreas Engel
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Heating ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Vacuum Insulation ◽  
Laboratory Operation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. We present a compact and versatile cryofocusing–thermodesorption unit, which we developed for quantitative analysis of halogenated trace gases in ambient air. Possible applications include aircraft-based in situ measurements, in situ monitoring and laboratory operation for the analysis of flask samples. Analytes are trapped on adsorptive material cooled by a Stirling cooler to low temperatures (e.g. −80 °C) and subsequently desorbed by rapid heating of the adsorptive material (e.g. +200 °C). The set-up involves neither the exchange of adsorption tubes nor any further condensation or refocusing steps. No moving parts are used that would require vacuum insulation. This allows for a simple and robust design. Reliable operation is ensured by the Stirling cooler, which neither contains a liquid refrigerant nor requires refilling a cryogen. At the same time, it allows for significantly lower adsorption temperatures compared to commonly used Peltier elements. We use gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for separation and detection of the preconcentrated analytes after splitless injection. A substance boiling point range of approximately −80 to +150 °C and a substance mixing ratio range of less than 1 ppt (pmol mol−1) to more than 500 ppt in preconcentrated sample volumes of 0.1 to 10 L of ambient air is covered, depending on the application and its analytical demands. We present the instrumental design of the preconcentration unit and demonstrate capabilities and performance through the examination of analyte breakthrough during adsorption, repeatability of desorption and analyte residues in blank tests. Examples of application are taken from the analysis of flask samples collected at Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station in Ireland using our laboratory GC–MS instruments and by data obtained during a research flight with our in situ aircraft instrument GhOST-MS (Gas chromatograph for the Observation of Tracers – coupled with a Mass Spectrometer).

Ultrasonic In-Situ Monitoring of Aluminum Alloy During Solidification and Melting

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo Ihara ◽  
Dikky Burhan ◽  
Yoshihisa Seda
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Molten Aluminum ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Longitudinal Velocity ◽  
Solidification Process ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Ultrasonic Sensor ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Long Time

In both research and production involving solidification of materials, it would be beneficial to have an in-situ, real-time characterization of the material properties during solidification process. In this work ultrasonic in-situ monitoring of aluminum alloy (Al-12.6%Si) during solidification and melting using a high temperature ultrasonic sensor is presented. The ultrasonic sensor used mainly consists of a conventional piezoelectric transducer, a titanium buffer rod as an acoustic waveguide and a cooling system. A steel reflector is assembled at the probing end of the sensor to make time-of-flight measurements. The sustainability of the sensor has been evaluated for long time immersion up to 16 hours in the molten aluminum alloy and the possible reaction at the outer wall of the titanium rod has been examined. It has been demonstrated that the titanium buffer rod has good wettability and sustainability to molten aluminum. Using the ultrasonic sensor, pulse echo measurements with the aluminum alloy have been performed in temperature range from 200 to 800 °C. The changes of the longitudinal velocity of the aluminum alloy during solidification and melting processes have been successfully monitored. In addition the change in the amplitude of reflected echoes during solidification is discussed.

scholarly journals A versatile, refrigerant-free cryofocusing-thermodesorption unit for preconcentration of traces gases in air

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Obersteiner ◽  
H. Bönisch ◽  
T. Keber ◽  
S. O'Doherty ◽  
A. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Heating ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Vacuum Insulation ◽  
Laboratory Operation ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. We present a compact and versatile cryofocusing thermodesorption unit, which we developed for quantitative analysis of halogenated trace gases in ambient air. Possible applications include aircraft-based in-situ measurements, in situ monitoring and laboratory operation for the preconcentration of analytes from flask samples. Analytes are trapped on adsorptive material cooled by a Stirling cooler to low temperatures (e.g. −80 °C) and desorbed subsequently by rapid heating of the adsorptive material (e.g. +200 °C). The setup neither involves exchange of adsorption tubes nor any further condensation or refocusation steps. No moving parts are used that would require vacuum insulation. This allows a simple and robust single stage design. Reliable operation is ensured by the Stirling cooler, which does not require refilling of a liquid refrigerant while allowing significantly lower adsorption temperatures compared to commonly used Peltier elements. We use gas chromatography mass spectrometry for separation and detection of the preconcentrated analytes after splitless injection. A substance boiling point range of approximately −80 °C to +150 °C and a substance mixing ratio range of less than 1 ppt (pmol mol−1) to more than 500 ppt in preconcentrated sample volumes of 0.1 to 10 L of ambient air is covered, depending on the application and its analytical demands. We present the instrumental design of the preconcentration unit and demonstrate capabilities and performance through the examination of injection quality, analyte breakthrough and analyte residues in blank tests. Application examples are given by the analysis of flask samples collected at Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station in Ireland using our laboratory GC TOFMS instrument and by data obtained during a research flight with our in-situ aircraft instrument GhOST MS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document