Review of non-scanning laser 3D imaging radars: basic principles, latest developments, and future directions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Yan ◽  
Qun Hao ◽  
Xuemin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Future Directions

scholarly journals Pediatric burn resuscitation: past, present, and future

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen S. Romanowski ◽  
Tina L. Palmieri
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Resuscitation ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Burn Shock ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Burn injury is a leading cause of unintentional death and injury in children, with the majority being minor (less than 10%). However, a significant number of children sustain burns greater than 15% total body surface area (TBSA), leading to the initiation of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. These patients require IV fluid resuscitation to prevent burn shock and death. Prompt resuscitation is critical in pediatric patients due to their small circulating blood volumes. Delays in resuscitation can result in increased complications and increased mortality. The basic principles of resuscitation are the same in adults and children, with several key differences. The unique physiologic needs of children must be adequately addressed during resuscitation to optimize outcomes. In this review, we will discuss the history of fluid resuscitation, current resuscitation practices, and future directions of resuscitation for the pediatric burn population.

scholarly journals Functional Pituitary Networks in Vertebrates

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yorgui Santiago-Andres ◽  
Matan Golan ◽  
Tatiana Fiordelisio
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Vertebrate Evolution ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Physiological Demands ◽  
Large Scale Networks ◽  
Hormone Pulses ◽  
Cell Networks

The pituitary is a master endocrine gland that developed early in vertebrate evolution and therefore exists in all modern vertebrate classes. The last decade has transformed our view of this key organ. Traditionally, the pituitary has been viewed as a randomly organized collection of cells that respond to hypothalamic stimuli by secreting their content. However, recent studies have established that pituitary cells are organized in tightly wired large-scale networks that communicate with each other in both homo and heterotypic manners, allowing the gland to quickly adapt to changing physiological demands. These networks functionally decode and integrate the hypothalamic and systemic stimuli and serve to optimize the pituitary output into the generation of physiologically meaningful hormone pulses. The development of 3D imaging methods and transgenic models have allowed us to expand the research of functional pituitary networks into several vertebrate classes. Here we review the establishment of pituitary cell networks throughout vertebrate evolution and highlight the main perspectives and future directions needed to decipher the way by which pituitary networks serve to generate hormone pulses in vertebrates.

Development of scanning laser sensor for underwater 3D imaging with the coaxial optics

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Ochimizu ◽  
Masaharu Imaki ◽  
Shumpei Kameyama ◽  
Takashi Saito ◽  
Shoujirou Ishibashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Laser Sensor

Examination

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizio Lancellotti ◽  
Bernard Cosyns
Keyword(s):  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Myocardial Velocity ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Velocity Imaging ◽  
Basic Physics ◽  
Important System

Echocardiography is a diagnostic imaging technique by which ultrasound is used to display anatomic and physiologic characteristics of the cardiovascular system. Echocardiography consists of several different imaging modalities that require appropriate settings. In this chapter the most important system settings are discussed in the context of the basic physics of ultrasound image formation. Setting-up the echo machine to optimize patient examination is discussed in detail. All controls are covered. Continuous-wave, pulsed-wave, and colour flow Doppler are explained, as well as more advanced techniques including myocardial velocity imaging and speckle tracking and 3D imaging. Understanding these basic principles will allow optimizing image quality for each individual patient.

scholarly journals Influence of Scheimpflug condition on measurements of a scanning laser line sensor for 3D imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 1065 ◽  
pp. 142006
Author(s):  
Johannes Schlarp ◽  
Ernst Csencsics ◽  
Georg Schitter
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Laser Line ◽  
Scanning Laser

scholarly journals Searching for principles of microbial physiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-844
Author(s):  
Frank J Bruggeman ◽  
Robert Planqué ◽  
Douwe Molenaar ◽  
Bas Teusink
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
State Growth ◽  
Microbial Systems ◽  
Working Out

ABSTRACT Why do evolutionarily distinct microorganisms display similar physiological behaviours? Why are transitions from high-ATP yield to low(er)-ATP yield metabolisms so widespread across species? Why is fast growth generally accompanied with low stress tolerance? Do these regularities occur because most microbial species are subject to the same selective pressures and physicochemical constraints? If so, a broadly-applicable theory might be developed that predicts common microbiological behaviours. Microbial systems biologists have been working out the contours of this theory for the last two decades, guided by experimental data. At its foundations lie basic principles from evolutionary biology, enzyme biochemistry, metabolism, cell composition and steady-state growth. The theory makes predictions about fitness costs and benefits of protein expression, physicochemical constraints on cell growth and characteristics of optimal metabolisms that maximise growth rate. Comparisons of the theory with experimental data indicates that microorganisms often aim for maximisation of growth rate, also in the presence of stresses; they often express optimal metabolisms and metabolic proteins at optimal concentrations. This review explains the current status of the theory for microbiologists; its roots, predictions, experimental evidence and future directions.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Environment Chemistry

1997 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Introductory Overview ◽  
Phase Characterization

This book demonstrates the usefulness of NMR spectroscopy for a wide variety of applications in environmental science and technology. It contains a wealth of information relating to instrumentation, sample preparation, and data interpretation. The book is divided into three sections discussing contaminant interaction, solution and condensed-phase characterization, and nutrients and natural organic matter characterization. In addition to these in-depth chapters, an introductory overview provides the basic principles of solution and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Each section also contains a discussion of advances in each area directly attributable to NMR spectroscopy. A final chapter suggests future directions for the deployment of this powerful technology in environmental science.

Research progress and trend analysis of non-scanning laser 3D imaging radar

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 711-727
Author(s):  
卜禹铭 BU Yu-ming ◽  
杜小平 DU Xiao-ping ◽  
曾朝阳 ZENG Zhao-yang ◽  
赵继广 ZHAO Ji-guang ◽  
宋一铄 SONG Yi-shuo
Keyword(s):  
Trend Analysis ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Imaging Radar
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