Neural effect induced by exercise intervention can be categorized by altered functional connectivity in early psychotic patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujuan Geng ◽  
Peilun Song ◽  
Eric Y. H. Chen ◽  
Yaping Wang ◽  
Jingxia Lin
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Neural Effect

scholarly journals Resting State Functional Connectivity Predicts Future Changes in Sedentary Behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Morris ◽  
Aaron Kucyi ◽  
Sheeba Arnold Anteraper ◽  
Maiya Rachel Geddes ◽  
Alfonso Nieto-Castañon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Supplementary Motor Area ◽  
Anterior Insula ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
The Right

AbstractInformation about a person’s available energy resources is integrated in daily behavioral choices that weigh motor costs against expected rewards. It has been posited that humans have an innate attraction towards effort minimization and that executive control is required to overcome this prepotent disposition. With sedentary behaviors increasing at the cost of millions of dollars spent in health care and productivity losses due to physical inactivity-related deaths, understanding the predictors of sedentary behaviors will improve future intervention development and precision medicine approaches. In 64 healthy older adults participating in a 6-month aerobic exercise intervention, we use neuroimaging (resting state functional connectivity), baseline measures of executive function and accelerometer measures of time spent sedentary to predict future changes in objectively measured time spent sedentary in daily life. Using cross-validation and bootstrap resampling, our results demonstrate that functional connectivity between 1) the anterior cingulate cortex and the supplementary motor area and 2) the right anterior insula and the left temporoparietal/temporooccipital junction, predict changes in time spent sedentary, whereas baseline cognitive, behavioral and demographic measures do not. Previous research has shown activation in and between the anterior cingulate and supplementary motor area as well as in the right anterior insula during effort avoidance and tasks that integrate motor costs and reward benefits in effort-based decision making. Our results add important knowledge toward understanding mechanistic associations underlying complex sedentary behaviors.

scholarly journals PO-143 Effects of treadmill exercise on the expression of corticostriatal mGluRs in hemiparkinsonian rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaixuan Shi ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Decai Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Medial Forebrain Bundle ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Objective Exercise therapy has been widely used for the clinical treatment of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). However, the rehabilitation mechanisms involved remain clear. mGluRs play an important role in the progression of PD. In this study, immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses were used to detect the expression of presynaptic corticostriatal mGluR2/3 and postsynaptic mGluR5, and we attempted to investigate the molecular basis of the reconstruction of functional connectivity in the corticostriatal pathways from a mGluR perspective. Methods Male SD rats (230–250 g) were used as subjects in this experiment. After 1 week of habituation, the rats were randomly assigned to three groups: control group (Control, n = 24), PD group (PD, n = 24) and PD with exercise group (PD + Ex, n = 24). The experimental models were prepared by unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) (2 μg/L, 8 μg) into the medial forebrain bundle, and the control group was administered an equivalent dose of saline solution. The models were evaluated with the apomorphine (APO)-induced rotation test. Two weeks postoperatively, exercise intervention was applied to the PD + Ex group for 4 weeks. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis were used to evaluate the expression of presynaptic corticostriatal mGluR2/3 and postsynaptic mGluR1/5. Results Results showed that the PD + Ex group had a significantly higher level of mGluR2/3 expression (P < 0.01) and significantly lower level of mGluR1/5 expression (P < 0.05) compared with the PD group. Conclusions Exercise intervention significantly increased the expression of mGluR2/3 and simultaneously reduced the expression of mGluR5, indicating that mGluRs can improve the behavioral function of PD rat models through exercise, and that the reconstruction of the functional connectivity of corticostriatal pathways plays an important role in nervous system regulation.

The Effect of Exercise and Distraction on Blood Pressure Recovery Following an Anger-Provoking Stressor in Normotensive Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faye S. Routledge ◽  
Judith A. McFetridge-Durdle ◽  
Marilyn Macdonald ◽  
Lynn Breau ◽  
Tavis Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
State Anger ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Anger Reactivity ◽  
Quiet Sitting

Ruminating about a prior anger provoking event is found to elevate blood pressure (BP) and delay BP recovery. Delayed BP recovery may be associated with increased risk of hypertension. Interventions that improve BP recovery may be beneficial for cardiovascular health. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the influence of rumination and anger on BP reactivity and recovery, to compare the effect of an exercise intervention or distraction intervention on BP recovery and to explore if exercise improved BP recovery by distracting participants from stressor-related rumination and anger. Healthy, normotensive participants (n = 79, mean age 22.2 ± 4.0 years) underwent an anger-recall interview stressor task, 3 min of exercise (walking), distraction (reading) or no-intervention (quiet sitting) and a 15 min recovery period. State anger reactivity was associated with Δ diastolic (D) BP reactivity and approached significance with Δ systolic (S) BP reactivity. Trait rumination was associated with greater SBP during recovery. Δ SBP recovery did not differ between the exercise, distraction and no-intervention groups. Although there were no differences in Δ DBP recovery between the exercise and no-intervention groups, distraction improved Δ DBP recovery compared to the exercise intervention but not the no-intervention. The proportion of anger-related thoughts (state rumination) in the exercise group did not differ from the distraction or no-intervention groups. However, a smaller proportion of participants in the distraction intervention reported an anger-related thought during recovery compared to the no-intervention group with 76% of their thoughts relating to the provided distraction. Overall, post-stressor exercise was not found to improve BP recovery while reading was effective at distracting individuals from angry thoughts (state rumination) but had no effect on BP compared to no-intervention.

Saskatoon in motion: Class vs. home-based exercise intervention in older adults with chronic health conditions

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Reeder ◽  
Karen Chad ◽  
Liz Harrison ◽  
Nigel Ashworth ◽  
Suzanne Sheppard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Home Based

Subregional amygdala functional connectivity: normative maps and influence of oral citalopram in healthy volunteers

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Goya-Maldonado ◽  
VI Spoormaker ◽  
N Chechko ◽  
D Höhn ◽  
K Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Healthy Volunteers

Functional connectivity reveals altered activation of distinct brain areas in pruritus of cholestasis

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (01) ◽  
pp. E2-E89
Author(s):  
A Kremer ◽  
T Buchwald ◽  
M Vetter ◽  
A Dörfler ◽  
C Forster
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Brain Areas
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