Landscape metric in the analysis of urban form in Cekungan Bandung urban region

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannura Hosea ◽  
Andrea Emma Pravitasari ◽  
Yudi Setiawan ◽  
Ernan Rustiadi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Landscape Metric

scholarly journals The Geographical Distribution and Correlates of Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Behaviors in an Urban Region

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Áróra Árnadóttir ◽  
Michał Czepkiewicz ◽  
Jukka Heinonen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Environmental Attitude ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Current Perspective

A lot of emphasis has been put on the densification of urban form to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transportation. However, many recent studies have found that central urban dwellers, even though their carbon footprints of daily transportation may be lower, might be responsible for higher total emissions than those that reside in suburban areas. Similarly, as with the urban form, higher environmental concern is often considered as an indicator of lower emissions, but several studies have found that pro-environmental attitude (PEA) does not always correlate with less energy intensive behavior. This study analyzes how urban zones, PEA, and several sociodemographic variables are associated with annual travel emissions and pro-environmental behaviors (PEB), using a dataset collected with a map-based online survey (softGIS) survey, contributed by 841 participants from the Helsinki Metropolitan Area (HMA), Finland. Although PEA can affect PEBs related to household energy consumption (β = 0.282, p < 0.001), clothing (β = 0.447, p < 0.001) and produce purchases (β = 0.449, p < 0.0001), their relationship with emissions from local (β = −0.067), national (β = −0.019) and international (β = −0.016) travel was not significant. Clusters of low emissions from local travel and high international travel emissions were found in pedestrian-oriented urban zones and residents of car-oriented zones were more likely to conserve household energy (β = 0.102, p < 0.05). These results might help broaden the current perspective of city planners, as well as identify opportunities for more effective mitigation policies.

scholarly journals Fractal-Based Modeling and Spatial Analysis of Urban Form and Growth: A Case Study of Shenzhen in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 672
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Man ◽  
Yanguang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Fractal Structure ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
The Common

Fractal dimension curves of urban growth can be modeled with sigmoid functions, including logistic function and quadratic logistic function. Different types of logistic functions indicate different spatial dynamics. The fractal dimension curves of urban growth in Western countries follow the common logistic function, while the fractal dimension growth curves of cities in northern China follow the quadratic logistic function. Now, we want to investigate whether other Chinese cities, especially cities in South China, follow the same rules of urban evolution and attempt to analyze the reasons. This paper is devoted to exploring the fractals and fractal dimension properties of the city of Shenzhen in southern China. The urban region is divided into four subareas using ArcGIS technology, the box-counting method is adopted to extract spatial datasets, and the least squares regression method is employed to estimate fractal parameters. The results show that (1) the urban form of Shenzhen city has a clear fractal structure, but fractal dimension values of different subareas are different; (2) the fractal dimension growth curves of all the four study areas can only be modeled by the common logistic function, and the goodness of fit increases over time; (3) the peak of urban growth in Shenzhen had passed before 1986 and the fractal dimension growth is approaching its maximum capacity. It can be concluded that the urban form of Shenzhen bears characteristics of multifractals and the fractal structure has been becoming better, gradually, through self-organization, but its land resources are reaching the limits of growth. The fractal dimension curves of Shenzhen’s urban growth are similar to those of European and American cities but differ from those of cities in northern China. This suggests that there are subtle different dynamic mechanisms of city development between northern and southern China.

Delhi

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Vanaik
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
National Capital ◽  
The One

Delhi has a unique place among the three big metropolises of India. Compared to Mumbai and Kolkata, Delhi’s history is much older: stretching back to the 12th century. Its growth in size, however, is much more recent. From a population of a little over a million in 1951, Delhi and its satellites—the National Capital Region (NCR)—had a population of over eighteen million in the 2011 census. In fact, Delhi’s urban history can be divided neatly at independence. Before that time, Delhi’s urban form reflected its repeated (but not continuous) status as a setting of political power. For the period of explosive urban growth after independence, scholarship about planning initiatives and their discontents abounds. There are excellent accounts of the movement from high-modernist planning to the more recent invocations of making Delhi a world-class city. Inadequate housing and repeated displacements of the poor are keynotes in this scholarship. Social movements, particularly those of the urban poor, have been an important theme from the middle of the first decade of the 21st century. Alongside spatial conflicts over planning, there is a rich vein of empirical work, and some theorization, of the ways in which political mobilizations around religion have shaped the city. Scholars have also dwelt on the complicated structure of urban governance in Delhi—as national capital and burgeoning metropolis, as an urban region that spans four separate provinces, as a megacity engulfing rural pockets, and as an administrative and commercial center ringed by an industrial periphery. Urban interventions aimed at improving Delhi’s environment have also been a topic of scholarly study. Thus, the expulsion of so-called polluting industries in Delhi, on the one hand, has gone together with the emergence of industrial zones in the peripheries of the NCR. Broadly speaking, the scholarship on historical urbanisms in Delhi points to the ways in which shifting structures of power generated urban forms in the Delhi landscape. Unsurprisingly, one manifestation of this long history has been in the active presence of heritage discourses. There is a particularly rich literature on the ways in which the present and the past coexist in modern Delhi, and the multiple possibilities for place-making opened up thereby. The author would like to thank Deepasri Baul and the anonymous reviewer for their suggestions.

scholarly journals Urban Form Dynamics and Modelling towards Sustainable Hinterland Development in North Cianjur, Jakarta–Bandung Mega-Urban Region

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 907
Author(s):  
Anoraga Jatayu ◽  
Izuru Saizen ◽  
Ernan Rustiadi ◽  
Didit Okta Pribadi ◽  
Bambang Juanda
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Urban Containment ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Rural Zone ◽  
Landscape Dynamic ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Land Change Modeling ◽  
Planning Intervention

The urban form is the physical configuration of a city, developed over time and space. Urban form can be considered at different scales, from region to neighborhood, each carrying a different focus. North Cianjur serves as the hinterland and one of the conurbation corridors of the Jakarta–Bandung Mega-Urban Region, meaning that the balance between its function as an environmental buffer area and the destination of urban growth needs to be planned carefully. This paper explores the dynamics in North Cianjur and employs several model scenarios as a planning intervention using landscape dynamic tools and land-change modeling, with three scenarios employed: Business as Usual (BAU), Spatial Planning Policy (SPP), and Urban Containment (UCT). The result show that North Cianjur has transformed into a polycentric region with two urban zones, a peri-urban zone, and a rural zone in the northernmost part of the region. Urban form trends show a sprawling built-up pattern outside urban zones, and a compacted trend in urban zones due to expansion from the Jakarta and Bandung Metropolitan Area. UCT models appear to be the most optimal for implementation in North Cianjur, representing a way to accommodate urban growth and expansion inside the urban center while still maintaining regional sustainability.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Approach to Characterizing the Changes and Managing Urban Form for Sustaining the Suburb of a Mega-Urban Region: The Case of North Cianjur

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8085
Author(s):  
Anoraga Jatayu ◽  
Ernan Rustiadi ◽  
Didit Okta Pribadi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Rural Zone ◽  
Urban Rural

Mega-urban development in Monsoon Asia has a relatively similar pattern, which leads to the formation of Mega-Urban Region (MUR). Such urban development potentially threatens sustainability as it vastly expands to encroaching rural areas. North Cianjur has been experiencing urban expansion from its surrounding metropolitan areas of Jakarta and Bandung that leads to the formation of urban sprawl and many other environmental problems. In this case, spatial characterization based on a quantitative and objective approach is urgently needed to provide better insight into the development of the mega-urban region’s suburb. This study proposed a quantitative and objective approach which was developed based on a quantitative zoning method. This study aims to characterize the region affected by urban expansion and urban form dynamics in North Cianjur using spatial clustering and spatial metrics approaches. The results showed that North Cianjur has four different zones consisting of two urban zones, a peri-urban zone, and a rural zone. Furthermore, the dynamics of urban forms in North Cianjur showed a trend of a more compact form in the urban zones while outside the urban zones it has become more sprawled and dispersed. This implies that spatial planning policies are incapable of containing and managing the massive expansion forces which were coming from Jakarta metropolitan, Bandung metropolitan, as well as Cianjur urban zones itself. Thus, the quantitative zoning method could enhance spatial planning, as different zones of urban–rural typology and urban from in the mega-urban suburb can be defined as a base for developing more specific effort in managing land-use changes. This approach could be adopted by other regions which have similar characteristics.

scholarly journals QUANTIFYING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NATURAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS AND WITH FINE PARTICULATE MATTER (PM2.5) POLLUTION BY INTEGRATING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOSPATIAL BIG DATA

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W5 ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Yang ◽  
Q. Zhan ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
H. Liu ◽  
Z. Fan
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution is an environmental issue results from various natural and socioeconomic factors, frequently witnessed in the spring and winter across mainland China. However, the dominant influence of natural and socioeconomic factors within a city on PM<sub>2.5</sub> is not extensively studied yet. In this study, the Random Forest Regression (RFR) is utilized to quantify the relationships between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and potential factors within Wuhan city on a typical day turn from winter to spring. Technically, the 24-hour average PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration in downtown area on February 17th 2017 are collected at 9 sites. In the meantime, we retrieve simultaneous aerosol depth optical depth (AOD) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The ground measured PM<sub>2.5</sub> and AOD are coupled for the retrieval of near-surface PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration by Spatial-temporal CoKriging (STCK) with Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI), Modified Normalized Water Index (MNDWI), Normalized Building Index (NDBI) from Landsat-8 and DEM from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). As the geospatial big data booms, the Internet-collected volunteered geographic information (VGI), representing the urban form and function, are integrating for the regression to obtain the spatial variables importance measures (VIMs) by RFR both in centre and sub-urban region of Wuhan. The results reveal that terrain characteristics and the density of industrial enterprises have obvious relationships with the accumulation of PM<sub>2.5</sub> while the density of roads also contributes to this.</p>

Investigation of Some Water Quality Parameters of Pond Water under Mymensingh Municipality

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
F Zannat ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
MA Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Mn Toxicity ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Drinking Water Standard

A study was conducted to evaluate the water quality parameters of pond water at Mymensingh Urban region. The water samples were collected from 30 ponds located at Mymensingh Urban Region during August to October 2010. The chemical analyses of water samples included pH, EC, Na, K, Ca, S, Mn and As were done by standard methods. The chemical properties in pond water were found pH 6.68 to 7.14, EC 227 to 700 ?Scm-1, Na 15.57 to 36.00 ppm, K 3.83 to 16.16 ppm, Ca 2.01 to 7.29 ppm, S 1.61 to 4.67 ppm, Mn 0.33 to 0.684 ppm and As 0.0011 to 0.0059 ppm. The pH values of water samples revealed that water samples were acidic to slightly alkaline in nature. The EC value revealed that water samples were medium salinity except one sample and also good for irrigation. According to drinking water standard Mn toxicity was detected in pond water. Considering Na, Ca and S ions pond water was safe for irrigation and aquaculture. In case of K ion, all the samples were suitable for irrigation but unsuitable for aquaculture.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 85-89 2015

STUDY ON DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) IN URBAN AND PERIURBAN AREAS OF AURANGABAD CITY, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. CHATE ◽  
R. J. CHAVAN
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Ant Community ◽  
Community Variation

The present study deals with the ant community variation in and around Aurangabad city. During the study total 16 species of ants belonging to twelve genera and four subfamilies were reported in eight habitat from urban and periurban regions. Abundance of ants was more in peri-urban region as compared to urban region. Subfamily myrmicinae was more dominant as compared to other subfamilies. Seasonal abundance of ants was seen to be more in winter season and less in rainy season.

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