Application of remotely sensed NDVI and soil moisture to monitor long-term agricultural drought

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek A. Pathak ◽  
B. M. Dodamani
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Agricultural Drought

scholarly journals Long-Term Spatiotemporal Variations in Soil Moisture in North East China Based on 1-km Resolution Downscaled Passive Microwave Soil Moisture Products

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 3527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjin Meng ◽  
Kebiao Mao ◽  
Fei Meng ◽  
Xinyi Shen ◽  
Tongren Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Passive Microwave ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
East China ◽  
North East ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

It is very important to analyze and monitor agricultural drought to obtain high temporal-spatial resolution soil moisture products. To overcome the deficiencies of passive microwave soil moisture products with low resolution, we construct a spatial fusion downscaling model (SFDM) using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. To eliminate the inconsistencies in soil depth and time among different microwave soil moisture products (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer on the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) and its successor (AMSR2) and the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS)), a time series reconstruction of the difference decomposition (TSRDD) method is developed to create long-term multisensor soil moisture datasets. Overall, the downscaled soil moisture (SM) products were consistent with the in situ measurements (R > 0.78) and exhibited a low root mean square error (RMSE < 0.10 m3/m3), which indicates good accuracy throughout the time series. The downscaled SM data at a 1-km spatial resolution were used to analyze the spatiotemporal patterns and monitor abnormal conditions in the soil water content across North East China (NEC) between 2002 and 2018. The results showed that droughts frequently appeared in western North East China and southwest of the Greater Khingan Range, while drought centers appeared in central North East China. Waterlogging commonly appeared in low-terrain areas, such as the Songnen Plain. Seasonal precipitation and temperature exhibited distinct interdecadal characteristics that were closely related to the occurrence of extreme climatic events. Abnormal SM levels were often accompanied by large meteorological and natural disasters (e.g., the droughts of 2008, 2015, and 2018 and the flooding events of 2003 and 2013). The spatial distribution of drought in this region during the growing season shows that the drought-affected area is larger in the west than in the east and that the semiarid boundary extends eastward and southward.

scholarly journals How Has Human-Induced Climate Change Affected California Drought Risk?

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linyin Cheng ◽  
Martin Hoerling ◽  
Amir AghaKouchak ◽  
Ben Livneh ◽  
Xiao-Wei Quan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Moisture Availability

Abstract The current California drought has cast a heavy burden on statewide agriculture and water resources, further exacerbated by concurrent extreme high temperatures. Furthermore, industrial-era global radiative forcing brings into question the role of long-term climate change with regard to California drought. How has human-induced climate change affected California drought risk? Here, observations and model experimentation are applied to characterize this drought employing metrics that synthesize drought duration, cumulative precipitation deficit, and soil moisture depletion. The model simulations show that increases in radiative forcing since the late nineteenth century induce both increased annual precipitation and increased surface temperature over California, consistent with prior model studies and with observed long-term change. As a result, there is no material difference in the frequency of droughts defined using bivariate indicators of precipitation and near-surface (10 cm) soil moisture, because shallow soil moisture responds most sensitively to increased evaporation driven by warming, which compensates the increase in the precipitation. However, when using soil moisture within a deep root zone layer (1 m) as covariate, droughts become less frequent because deep soil moisture responds most sensitively to increased precipitation. The results illustrate the different land surface responses to anthropogenic forcing that are relevant for near-surface moisture exchange and for root zone moisture availability. The latter is especially relevant for agricultural impacts as the deep layer dictates moisture availability for plants, trees, and many crops. The results thus indicate that the net effect of climate change has made agricultural drought less likely and that the current severe impacts of drought on California’s agriculture have not been substantially caused by long-term climate changes.

Multi-Sensor Multi-Satellite Remote Sensing of Drought Analysis with Multi-Sectoral Impacts and Multi-Scale Vulnerability in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasin Jirasirirak ◽  
Aksara Putthividhya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Drought Monitoring ◽  
Groundwater Storage ◽  
Multi Scale

&lt;p&gt;Drought monitoring and assessment is critical considering the immense costs and impacts Thailand has been experiencing these days.&amp;#160; Deficit in precipitation is typically referred to as meteorological drought.&amp;#160; While deficit in soil moisture (i.e., below average moisture in the soil) is known as agricultural drought.&amp;#160; Hydrological drought corresponds to a deficit in runoff or groundwater resources. Socio-economic drought (also known as anthropogenic drought) refers to water stress intensified by human activities and increase water demands.&amp;#160; Our long-term research in ground observation drought monitoring and assessment has been integrated with remotely sensed precipitation and soil moisture information necessary for the computation of extensively used drought indicators, such as Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) using widely available satellite-based precipitation products including PERSIANN, TRMM, GSMaP, and IMERG to demonstrate the multidimensional and multi-sectoral impacts of change in rainfall patterns which is directly linked to drought assessment.&amp;#160; Long-term satellite-based soil moisture time series obtained from NASA&amp;#8217;s Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission have been employed for drought detection from provided near real-time top soil moisture estimates in accordance with The Gravity Recover and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission. &amp;#160;Preliminary results indicate that multi-sensor multi-satellite remotely sensing data can enhance soil moisture mapping and its long-term spatial and temporal trends match well with change in terrestrial water storage and groundwater storage of the country.&amp;#160;&amp;#160; This approach can provide more robust and integrated measure of drought based on wider range of satellite observations such as precipitation, soil moisture, total water storage anomalies, groundwater storage change, offering the opportunities to investigate droughts from different viewpoints. Drought monitoring scheme developed in this work can serve as a supporting tool for water resources and climate change policy making.&amp;#160; It can contribute to improve understanding on potential impacts of climate change, multi-sectoral linkages, multi-scale vulnerability, and adaptation programs. &amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

Towards a sub-seasonal agricultural drought forecast for Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Leppelt ◽  
Jennifer Brauch ◽  
Andreas Paxian
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Precipitation Forecast ◽  
Seasonal Forecasts ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Forecast Lead Time

&lt;p&gt;Insufficient precipitation and subsequent water stress for crop production are among the biggest risks in agriculture. Especially the past three years (2018, 2019, 2020) in central Europe show that dry and hot summers enhance the probability of harvest failures due to long term drought situations. Hence, a better prediction of long-term crop water stress situations could improve the resilience and adaptation of agriculture. One important indicator for agricultural drought is the plant available water in the top soil (0-60 cm). This soil moisture is a storage parameter which depends not only on the meteorological input but also on the vegetation cover and soil properties. In comparison to precipitation the soil moisture changes slowly with moderate variability, due to its buffer capacity for incoming rainfall. Here we try to take advantage of this persistence behaviour by performing long range soil moisture forecasts for Germany based on sub-seasonal forecasts. Therefore we combined the ECWMF extended range forecasts with a 1-D hydrological model AMBAV, which is capable of parameterizing regional soil properties and crop growth. Reasonable skill for predicting low soil moisture under winter wheat in early summer can be found with a 3-4 week forecast lead time. Therefore, a forecast of the hot and dry summer in 2018 was possible. The soil moisture forecasts had lower mean absolute error rates and higher rank correlation skill than regarding the precipitation directly as drought predictor, though the precipitation forecast is used as input for the subsequent hydrological modelling. However, further analyses are necessary in order to evaluate forecast skills for less extreme soil moisture situations. Nonetheless these results could be a first step towards an improved sub-seasonal agricultural drought forecast for Germany, which could be applied in other European countries similarly.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Long-term trends in agricultural droughts over Netherlands and Germany: how extreme was the year 2018?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Huang ◽  
Jonas Weis ◽  
Harry Vereecken ◽  
Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Moisture Index

Abstract. Droughts can have important impacts on environment and economy like in the year 2018 in parts of Europe. Droughts can be analyzed in terms of meteorological drought, agricultural drought, hydrological drought and social-economic drought. In this paper, we focus on meteorological and agricultural drought and analyzed drought trends for the period 1965–2019 and assessed how extreme the drought year 2018 was in Germany and the Netherlands. The analysis was made on the basis of the following drought indices: standardized precipitation index (SPI), standardized soil moisture index (SSI), potential precipitation deficit (PPD) and ET deficit. SPI and SSI were computed at two time scales, the period April-September and a 12-months period. In order to analyze drought trends and the ranking of the year 2018, HYDRUS 1-D simulations were carried out for 31 sites with long-term meteorological observations and soil moisture, potential evapotranspiration (ET) and actual ET were determined for five soil types (clay, silt, loam, sandy loam and loamy sand). The results show that the year 2018 was severely dry, which was especially related to the highest potential ET in the time series 1965–2019, for most of the sites. For around half of the 31 sites the year 2018 had the lowest SSI, and largest PPD and ET-deficit in the 1965–2019 time series, followed by 1976 and 2003. The trend analysis reveals that meteorological drought (SPI) hardly shows significant trends over 1965–2019 over the studied domain, but agricultural droughts (SSI) are increasing, at several sites significantly, and at even more sites PPD and ET deficit show significant trends. The increasing droughts over Germany and Netherlands are mainly driven by increasing potential ET and increasing vegetation water demand.

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