5-ALA/PpIX fluorescent diagnostics of stressed-induced small and large intestine neoplasia in laboratorial rats in vivo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina G. Borisova ◽  
Alexander Khorovodov ◽  
Ilana Agranovich ◽  
Aysel Mamedova ◽  
Andrey Terskov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

scholarly journals Macroscopic assessment of protective effect of cryopreserved placenta extract in ibuprofen-induced gastroenterocolonopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-179
Author(s):  
F.V. Hladkykh
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Lesions ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

Background. Over-the-counter use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs leads to their uncontrolled consumption among the population, which in some cases makes it impossible to prevent and timely detect adverse drug effects, and their effectiveness does not always satisfy clinicians. The purpose was to characterize the cytoprotective properties of cryopreserved placenta extract according to the condition of the mucous membrane of the proximal (esophagus and stomach) and distal (small and large intestine) parts of the gastrointestinal tract on the model of ibuprofen-induced esophagogastroenterocolonopathy. Mate­rials and methods. In vivo experimental studies were performed on 28 male rats. Subchronic ibuprofen-induced gastrointestinal lesions were reproduced by intragastric administration of ibuprofen to rats at a dose of 310 mg/kg. The condition of the gastrointestinal tract mucous membrane was assessed macroscopically on a scale. Results. The therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of esomeprazole statistically significantly (р < 0.05) took place in the proximal parts of the gastrointestinal tract but had little effect on the prevalence of ulcerative lesions in the intestine. At the same time, unlike esomeprazole, which is known to have only gastroprotective activity, cryopreserved placenta extract had a cytoprotective effect both in the stomach and in the distal parts of the gastrointestinal tract — small and large intestine. Thus, the prevalence of ibuprofen-induced both entero- and colonopathy on the background of the study of the extract was almost twice lower than in rats that did not receive correction drugs. Conclusions. It is established that the use of cryopreserved placenta extract in the treatment-and-prophylactic mode has comparable to esomeprazole gastroprotective activity. In addition, it was found that the use of the studied cryoextract was accompanied by a decrease in the multiplicity of ulcerative defects in the small and large intestine of rats, by 4.6 and 3.8 times, respectively, compared to the control animals.

Effects of the oral administration of the products derived from milk fermentation by kefir microflora on immune stimulation

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Vinderola ◽  
Gabriela Perdigón ◽  
Jairo Duarte ◽  
Edward Farnworth ◽  
Chantal Matar
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Milk Fermentation ◽  
Gut Mucosa ◽  
Iga Production ◽  
Fermented Dairy ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

Nutritional status has a major impact on the immune system. Probiotic effects ascribed to fermented dairy products arise not only from whole microorganisms but also from metabolites (peptides, exopolysaccharides) produced during the fermentation. We recently demonstrated the immunomodulating capacity of kefir in a murine model. We now aimed at studying the immunomodulating capacity in vivo of the products derived from milk fermentation by kefir microflora (PMFKM) on the gut. BALB/c mice received the PMFKM for 2, 5 or 7 consecutive days. IgA+ and IgG+ cells were determined on histological slices of the small and large intestine. IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IFNγ and TNFα were determined in the gut, intestinal fluid and blood serum. IL-6 was also determined in the supernatant of a primary culture of small intestine epithelial cells challenged with PMFKM. PMFKM up-regulated IL-6 secretion, necessary for B-cell terminal differentiation to IgA secreting cells in the gut lamina propria. There was an increase in the number of IgA+ cells in the small and large intestine. The increase in the number of IgA+ cells was accompanied by an increase in the number of IL-4+, IL-10+ and IL-6+ cells in the small intestine. Effects of PMFKM in the large intestine were less widely apparent than the ones observed at the small intestine lamina propria. All cytokines that increased in the small intestine lamina propria, also did so in blood serum, reflecting here the immunostimulation achieved in the gut mucosa. We observed that the PMFKM induced a mucosal response and it was able to up and down regulate it for protective immunity, maintaining the intestinal homeostasis, enhancing the IgA production at both the small and large intestine level. The opportunity exists then to manipulate the constituents of the lumen of the intestine through dietary means, thereby enhancing the health status of the host.

scholarly journals Protein synthesis during the developmental growth of the small and large intestine of the rat

1984 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
D F Goldspink ◽  
S E M Lewis ◽  
F J Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Fractional Rate ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Developmental Growth ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

The developmental growth and associated changes in protein synthesis were measured (in vivo) in the combined small and large intestine from 18 days in utero to 105 weeks post partum. Similar post-natal (3-105 weeks) changes were also studied in the separated large and small intestine, and in the mucosal and muscularis externa + serosal layers of the small intestine. Although the protein and nucleic acid contents of the whole intestine increased throughout both pre- and post-natal life, the maximal (11%) intestinal contribution to whole-body growth occurred 3 weeks after birth; this value declined to only 2.5-3.5% at both extremes of the age range studied. Between the 18-day foetus and old age the fractional rate of protein synthesis decreased from 107 to 61% per day. This developmental decline (43%) was, however, much smaller than that found in most other body tissues over the same period. Similar developmental trends (between weaning and senility) were found in both the small and the large intestine when studied separately, the small intestine in all respects contributing proportionately more than the large intestine to both the combined intestinal and whole-body values. At each age the large intestine possessed significantly lower fractional rates of synthesis and associated ribosomal activities. For the most part, the fractional synthesis rates in the mucosa and serosa of the small intestine were very similar, with each declining slightly with increasing age. These developmental changes are discussed with respect to functional aspects within the gastrointestinal tract.

Matrix metalloproteinase expression is altered in the small and large intestine following fractionated radiation in vivo

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3873-3882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romany L. Stansborough ◽  
Noor Al-Dasooqi ◽  
Emma H. Bateman ◽  
Joanne M. Bowen ◽  
Dorothy M. K. Keefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Fractionated Radiation ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

Comparison of Transport Capacity of Small and Large Intestine

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Cordero ◽  
T. Hastings Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

scholarly journals Small and Large Intestine (II): Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Short Bowel Syndrome, and Malignant Tumors of the Digestive Tract

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2325
Author(s):  
Yolanda Ber ◽  
Santiago García-Lopez ◽  
Carla J. Gargallo-Puyuelo ◽  
Fernando Gomollón
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Short Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Short Bowel ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Enteral And Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

The small intestine is key in the digestion and absorption of macro and micronutrients. The large intestine is essential for the absorption of water, to allow adequate defecation, and to harbor intestinal microbiota, for which their nutritional role is as important as it is unknown. This article will describe the causes and consequences of malnutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, the importance of screening and replacement of micronutrient deficits, and the main indications for enteral and parenteral nutrition in these patients. We will also discuss the causes of short bowel syndrome, a complex entity due to anatomical or functional loss of part of the small bowel, which can cause insufficient absorption of liquid, electrolytes, and nutrients and lead to complex management. Finally, we will review the causes, consequences, and management of malnutrition in patients with malignant and benign digestive tumors, including neuroendocrine tumors (present not only in the intestine but also in the pancreas).

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