A standard testing method for tensile actuators (Conference Presentation)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. Spinks ◽  
Shannon Bakarich ◽  
Shazed Aziz ◽  
Bidita Salahuddin ◽  
Hai Xin
Keyword(s):  
Standard Testing ◽  
Testing Method

scholarly journals Metabolic Responses to Native Wheat Starch (MidsolTM 50) versus Resistant Wheat Starch Type 4 (Fibersym® RW): Standard versus Marketplace Testing Protocols

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor J Steele ◽  
Clodualdo C Maningat ◽  
Paul A Seib ◽  
Mark D Haub ◽  
Sara K Rosenkranz
Keyword(s):  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Substitution Method ◽  
Standard Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Insulin Responses ◽  
Testing Protocols ◽  
Postprandial Insulin

ABSTRACT Background To investigate the effect of resistant starch (RS) on acute glycemic or insulinemic responses, the FDA indicates that control and RS-enriched foods must contain equivalent amounts of digestible carbohydrate. However, RS-containing foods typically contain less digestible carbohydrate per serving than control foods. Thus, controlling for digestible carbohydrate may yield different responses as compared with controlling for serving size. Objective The aim was to compare the postprandial metabolic responses to native wheat starch (NWS) versus RS type 4 (RS4) using digestible carbohydrate–matched portions compared with weight-matched portions. Methods A single-blind, randomized-controlled crossover trial examined glycemic and insulinemic responses over 2 h following consumption of 4 cracker conditions and a dextrose beverage in apparently healthy participants (n = 14). Crackers provided 50 g of digestible carbohydrate using the FDA's meal-intervention protocol or 35 g of carbohydrate by weight for the marketplace substitution method. Crackers differed only by the type of starch additive: NWS (MidsolTM 50; MGP Ingredient, Inc.) or RS4 (Fibersym® RW; MGP Ingredients, Inc.). Glucose concentrations were assessed at baseline and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min; insulin concentrations were measured at baseline and 30, 60, and 120 min. Results There were no significant differences between 50 g digestible carbohydrate cracker conditions for glucose or insulin incremental AUC (iAUC). The 35 g carbohydrate by weight conditions were not different for glucose iAUC [mean (95% CI): 35 g NWS: 1317 (677, 2169); 35 g RS4: 701 (262, 1351); P > 0.05]. However, insulin iAUC was lower following 35 g RS4 compared with 35 g NWS [35 g RS4: 92 (1, 259); 35 g NWS: 697 (397, 1080); P < 0.01]. Conclusions In healthy adults, consumption of RS4 crackers decreased postprandial insulin responses compared with NWS crackers when using the marketplace substitution method compared with the FDA standard testing method, with similar postprandial glucose responses. Comparisons of the FDA standard testing method and the marketplace substitution method should be investigated further to elucidate differential physiological impacts on consumers.

scholarly journals Current Ice Adhesion Testing Methods and the Need for a Standard: A Concise Review

Standards ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-133
Author(s):  
Monika Bleszynski ◽  
Edward Clark
Keyword(s):  
Economic Losses ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Adhesion Testing ◽  
Standard Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Airplane Accidents ◽  
Ice Adhesion

Ice accretion is a serious problem in cold climates, causing automobile and airplane accidents, as well as severe economic losses throughout various sectors. To combat these issues, many solutions have been developed, such as de-icing materials, which can delay or prevent the adhesion of ice to a surface through chemical, temperature, or physical means. To effectively assess the properties of a de-icing material, ice adhesion testing must be conducted, of which there are numerous types, each with their own characteristics. Unfortunately, the same material, tested with different methods, may provide very different ice adhesion values. This makes it difficult to properly characterize a material’s de-icing properties and compare values across the literature. In this review, we identified the main ice adhesion testing methods and compared ice adhesion values for a particular material with different testing methods. We then discussed some of the main issues with current ice testing methods and identified some of the main factors that may affect ice adhesion values, namely ice quality and the use of a mold, which may significantly affect the final ice adhesion results. Finally, we proposed a new, simple standard testing method, in an attempt to eliminate some of the issues with current ice testing methods.

scholarly journals Revision Of A Standard For The Test Of A Toilet-Incorporated Medical Electric Bed

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Ho Jun Yeom , Seokmin Lee , Kiwon Choi , In-Ho Hwang , Sangsoo Park
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Standard Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Toilet Seat ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Deformation Test ◽  
Disposable Plastic ◽  
Standard Tests

We developed a toilet-incorporated electric medical bed for bedridden patients, in which a toilet basin, or a commode, is incorporated in the pelvic plate of an electric medical bed. A replaceable toilet seat is located in the mattress of the bed, and toilet basin was tightly attached on the pelvic plate the bed.  The excretion slides through a storage tube that angles toward the side of the bed and is automatically collected in a disposable plastic bag. We, however, encountered a problem with testing this newly developed medical bed with the relevant international standard IEC 60601-2-52:2009, or with the corresponding Korean standard KS P 0388:2012--Electrically operated adjustable bed for home care. There was no clear indication in the scopes of the above standards as to whether this standard testing method is applicable to an electric medical bed embedded with a commode. We revised the Korean standard KS P 0388:2012 to accommodate the toilet-incorporated medical bed in the scope of the standard and successfully performed the mechanical tests including the durability, impact, and deformation test of the bed, proving that the newly developed toilet-incorporated medical bed is mechanically strong and durable enough to pass the standard tests.

scholarly journals Extensive Saliva based COVID-19 testing – the way forward to curtail the global pandemic?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Varma ◽  
◽  
Muneer Abubaker ◽  
Ismail Dergaa ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Standard Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Testing Tool ◽  
The Way

With over 36 million people infected with COVID-19 since the beginning of the pandemic, testing has been most challenging process to identify and isolate individuals who are COVID-positive. The RT-PCR testing method has been the gold standard testing tool with a sensitivity and specificity of 95.2% and 98.9% respectively. However, this comes at a huge cost of the stress and anxieties of the testing process itself, especially for children as well as the requirements of health care professionals with PPE kits and the dangers of an aerosol generating procedure. We hence recommend the saliva testing kits as the suggested way forward to testing for the general population, especially for children, as they are highly sensitive and specific (98% and 91% respectively) as well as can be a much effortless process to test for COVID-19 and could certainly pave the way forward to mass testing as some countries are already planning to implement.

Local Stress Distribution in the Vicinity of Loading Points in Flexural Test of Orthotropic Beams

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yoshida ◽  
T. Ogasa ◽  
M. Uemura
Keyword(s):  
Beam Theory ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Film Coating ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
Concentrated Load ◽  
Standard Testing ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

The two-dimensional stress distributions in orthotopic composite beam under 4-point flexure are analyzed by replacing the concentrated load by distributing pressure in the vicinity of loading nose and by expanding the stress function for compatability equation in terms of Fourier series. The validity of analytical results is verified experimentally by using the photoelastic film-coating technique on unidirectional reinforced plastics. It is shown that the local stress distributions around the loading points are complicated and are very different from those predicted by elementary beam theory; and hence, the reliability of flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength defined by elementary beam theory are in question. It is suggested that the 4-point flexure is reasonable and recommendable as a standard testing method compared with the 3-point flexural one.

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