In vivo imaging of inner plexiform layer lamination with visible light OCT (Conference Presentation)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingwei Zhang ◽  
Marcel Bernucci ◽  
Shau Poh Chong ◽  
Vivek J. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer

scholarly journals In vivo Morphometry of Inner Plexiform Layer (IPL) Stratification in the Human Retina With Visible Light Optical Coherence Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingwei Zhang ◽  
Aaron M. Kho ◽  
Vivek J. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
On And Off Pathways

From the bipolar cells to higher brain visual centers, signals in the vertebrate visual system are transmitted along parallel on and off pathways. These two pathways are spatially segregated along the depth axis of the retina. Yet, to our knowledge, there is no way to directly assess this anatomical stratification in vivo. Here, employing ultrahigh resolution visible light Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging in humans, we report a stereotyped reflectivity pattern of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) that parallels IPL stratification. We characterize the topography of this reflectivity pattern non-invasively in a cohort of normal, young adult human subjects. This proposed correlate of IPL stratification is accessible through non-invasive ocular imaging in living humans. Topographic variations should be carefully considered when designing studies in development or diseases of the visual system.

scholarly journals In Vivo Sublayer Analysis of Human Retinal Inner Plexiform Layer Obtained by Visible-Light Optical Coherence Tomography

2022 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Zeinab Ghassabi ◽  
Roman V. Kuranov ◽  
Joel S. Schuman ◽  
Ronald Zambrano ◽  
Mengfei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence

Synaptic Organization of an organotypic slice culture of the mammalian retina

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Sassoè-Pognetto ◽  
Andreas Feigenspan ◽  
Joachim Bormann ◽  
Heinz Wässle
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Slice Culture ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Synaptic Organization ◽  
Glycine Receptors ◽  
Ribbon Synapses ◽  
Organotypic Slice Culture ◽  
Transmitter Receptors

AbstractVertical Slices of postnatal day 6 (P6) rat retina were cut and cultured using the roller-tube technique. The organotypic differentiation during a culture period of up to 30 days has been described in a previous study (Feigenspan et al., 1993a). Here we concentrated on the synaptic organization in the retinal slice culture. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of ribbon synapses in the outer plexiform layer and conventional and ribbon syanpses in the inner plexiform layer. Immunofluroscence with antibodies that recognize specific subunits of GABAA or glycine receptors revealed a punctuate distribution of the receptors. They were aggregated in “hot spots” that correspond to a concentration of receptors at postsynaptic sites. Different isoforms of GABAA and glycine receptors occured in the slice cultures. The experiments show that there is a differentiation of synapses and a diversity of transmitter receptors in the slice cultures that is comparable to the in vivo retina.

In vivo development of retinal ON-bipolar cell axonal terminals visualized in nyx::MYFP transgenic zebrafish

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC H. SCHROETER ◽  
RACHEL O.L. WONG ◽  
RONALD G. GREGG
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Cell ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Transgenic Fish ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Retinal Bipolar Cells

Axonal differentiation of retinal bipolar cells has largely been studied by comparing the morphology of these interneurons in fixed tissue at different ages. To better understand how bipolar axonal terminals develop in vivo, we imaged fluorescently labeled cells in the zebrafish retina using time-lapse confocal and two photon microscopy. Using the upstream regulatory sequences from the nyx gene that encodes nyctalopin, we constructed a transgenic fish in which a subset of retinal bipolar cells express membrane targeted yellow fluorescent protein (MYFP). Axonal terminals of these YFP-labeled bipolar cells laminated primarily in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer, suggesting that they are likely to be ON-bipolar cells. Transient expression of MYFP in isolated bipolar cells indicates that two or more subsets of bipolar cells, with one or two terminal boutons, are labeled. Live imaging of YFP-expressing bipolar cells in the nyx::MYFP transgenic fish at different ages showed that initially, filopodial-like structures extend and retract from their primary axonal process throughout the inner plexiform layer (IPL). Over time, filopodial exploration becomes concentrated at discrete foci prior to the establishment of large terminal boutons, characteristic of the mature form. This sequence of axonal differentiation suggests that synaptic targeting by bipolar cell axons may involve an early process of trial and error, rather than a process of directed outgrowth and contact. Our observations represent the first in vivo visualization of axonal development of bipolar cells in a vertebrate retina.

scholarly journals Interleukin-35 Suppresses Pyroptosis and Protects Neuronal Death in Retinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingying Lin ◽  
Yangyang Li ◽  
Nan Jiang ◽  
Siyu Huang ◽  
Wenru Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Death ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer

Abstract Background: Retina ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a pathological process in many eye disorders. Neuroinflammation and cell pyroptosis have been recognized as important in the pathogenesis of tissue damage in retina I/R. Interleukin (IL)-35 is a novel heterodimeric cytokine that exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in virous autoimmune diseases, but its role in retina I/R and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unexplored. This study investigated the effect of IL-35 on retina I/R and the inhibition of pyroptosis and neuronal death.Methods: A murine retina I/R model was used to explore the neuroprotective effect of IL-35 recombinant protein in vivo. The primary murine microglial cells of pyroptosis and the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models were employed to test the anti-pyroptotic and anti-apoptotic effects of IL-35 in vitro.Result: We found that IL-35 decreases retinal damage, RGC death, and inner plexiform layer (IPL) thinning in mice with retinal I/R injury, with significant attenuation of pyroptosis in the retina. The data also demonstrated the anti-pyroptosis action of IL-35 in primary microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Furthermore, primary RGC apoptosis induced by OGD/R was directly suppressed by IL-35, and the IL-35-mediated neuroprotection was abrogated when miR-21 was blocked.Conclusion: Our findings identify potential underlying mechanisms of RGC apoptosis and suggest a new therapeutic target, IL-35, which exerts a robust neuroprotective effect against retina I/R.

scholarly journals Quantitative Optical Coherence Tomography for Longitudinal Monitoring of Postnatal Retinal Development

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangying Ma ◽  
Jie Ding ◽  
Tae-Hoon Kim ◽  
Xincheng Yao
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Retinal Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Fiber Layer

A better study of the postnatal retinal development is not only essential for the in-depth understanding of the nature of the vision system but also may provide insights for treatment developments of eye conditions, such as retinopathy of premature (ROP). To date, quantitative analysis of postnatal retinal development is primarily limited to endpoint histological examination. This study is to validate in vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) for longitudinal monitoring of postnatal retinal development in developing mouse eyes. Three-dimensional (3D) frame registration and super averaging were adopted to investigate the fine structure of the retina. Interestingly, a hyporeflective layer (HRL) between the nerve fiber layer (NFL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) was observed in developing eyes and gradually disappeared with aging. To interpret the observed retinal layer kinetics, a model based on eyeball expansion, cell apoptosis, and retinal structural modification was proposed.

scholarly journals In Vivo Imaging of Schlemm's Canal and Limbal Vascular Network in Mouse Using Visible-Light OCT

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Lisa Beckmann ◽  
David A. Miller ◽  
Guangbin Shao ◽  
Zhen Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Vascular Network ◽  
Schlemm’S Canal ◽  
Schlemm's Canal

scholarly journals In Vivo Sublayer Analysis Of Human Retinal Inner Plexiform Layer Obtained By Visible-Light Optical Coherence Tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Ghassabi ◽  
Roman Kuranov ◽  
Mengfei Wu ◽  
Behnam Tayebi Tayebi ◽  
Yuanbo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Speckle Reduction ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Healthy Eyes

Purpose: Growing evidence suggests, in glaucoma, the dendritic degeneration of subpopulation of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) may precede RGCs soma death. Since different RGCs synapse in different IPL sublayers, visualization of the lamellar structure of the IPL could enable both clinical and fundamental advances in glaucoma understanding and management. In this pilot study, we investigated whether visible-light optical coherence tomography (vis-OCT) could detect the difference in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) sublayers thicknesses between small cohorts of healthy and glaucomatous subjects. Method: We investigated vis-OCT retinal images from nine healthy and five glaucomatous subjects. Four of the healthy subjects were scanned three times each in two separate visits, and five healthy and five glaucoma subjects were scanned three times during a single visit. Raster speckle-reduction scans (3 by 3 by 1.2 mm^3: horizontal; vertical; axial directions with 8192 by 8 by 1024 samplings, respectively) of the superior macular were acquired. IPL sublayers were then manually segmented using averaged A-line profiles. Results: The mean ages of glaucoma and healthy subjects are 59.6 +/- 13.4 and 45.4 +/- 14.4 years (p =0.02, Wilcoxon rank-sum test), respectively. The visual field mean deviation (MD) are -26.4 to -7.7 dB in glaucoma patient and -1.6 to 1.1 dB in healthy subjects (p =0.002). The mean circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses are 59.6 +/- 9.1 micrometers in glaucoma and 99.2 +/- 16.2 micrometers in healthy subjects (p=0.004). Median coefficients of variation (CVs) of intra-session repeatability for the entire IPL and three sublayers are 3.1%, 5.6%, 6.9%, and 5.6% in healthy subjects and 1.8%, 6.0%, 7.7%, and 6.2% in glaucoma patients, respectively. The mean entire IPL thicknesses are 36.2 +/- 1.5 micrometers in glaucomatous and 40.1 +/- 1.7 micrometers in healthy eyes (p=0.003, Mixed-effects model). We found that the middle sublayer thickness was responsible for the majority of the difference (14.2 +/- 1.8 micrometers in glaucomatous and 17.5 +/- 1.4 micrometers in healthy eyes, p<0.01). Conclusions: IPL sublayer analysis revealed that the middle sublayer could be responsible for the majority of IPL thinning in glaucoma. Vis-OCT quantified IPL sublayers with good repeatability in both glaucoma and healthy subjects. Visualization of the IPL sublayers may enable the investigation of lamella-specific changes in the IPL in glaucoma and may help elucidate the response of different types of RGCs to the disease.

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