Detection of lithium in breast milk and the mammary glands

Ultrastructural and Immunohistochemical Studies on Pathway of Food Allergen from Rat Mammary Glands into Breast Milk.

Nippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi ◽

10.4327/jsnfs.55.157 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 157-163

Author(s):

Mie Shiraishi ◽

Ryoko Baba ◽

Mamoru Fujita

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Food Allergen ◽

Mammary Glands ◽

Immunohistochemical Studies

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Productive Infection of Mouse Mammary Glands and Human Mammary Epithelial Cells by Zika Virus

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v11100950 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 950 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hubert ◽

Chiche ◽

Legros ◽

Jeannin ◽

Montange ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽

Mammary Glands ◽

Mammary Epithelial ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Human Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽

Human Mammary Epithelial

Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the large category of arboviruses. Surprisingly, several human-to-human transmissions of ZIKV have been notified, either following sexual intercourse or from the mother to fetus during pregnancy. Importantly, high viral loads have been detected in the human breast milk of infected mothers, and the existence of breastfeeding as a new mode of mother-to-child transmission of ZIKV was recently hypothesized. However, the maternal origin of infectious particles in breast milk is currently unknown. Here, we show that ZIKV disseminates to the mammary glands of infected mice after both systemic and local exposure with differential kinetics. Ex vivo, we demonstrate that primary human mammary epithelial cells were sensitive and permissive to ZIKV infection in this study. Moreover, by using in vitro models, we prove that mammary luminal- and myoepithelial-phenotype cell lines are both able to produce important virus progeny after ZIKV exposure. Our data suggest that the dissemination of ZIKV to the mammary glands and subsequent infection of the mammary epithelium could be one mechanism of viral excretion in human breast milk.

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Susceptibility of mouse mammary glands to murine gammaherpesvirus 72 (MHV-72) infection: evidence of MHV-72 transmission via breast milk

Microbial Pathogenesis ◽

10.1006/mpat.2001.0441 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 47-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Hana Raslova ◽

Monique Berebbi ◽

Julius Rajcani ◽

Alain Sarasin ◽

Jan Matis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Mammary Glands ◽

Murine Gammaherpesvirus

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Basal Lamina Formation in DMBA Induced Mammary Carcinoma

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080109 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 534-535

Author(s):

I. Russo ◽

J. Saby ◽

J. Russo

Keyword(s):

Mammary Carcinoma ◽

Virgin Female ◽

Mammary Glands ◽

Sesame Oil ◽

Female Rats ◽

Ultrastructural Changes ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

Intermediate Type ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Intercellular Spaces

It has been previously demonstrated that DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma originates in the terminal end bud (TEB) of the mammary gland by proliferation of intermediate type cells (1). The earliest lesion identified is the intraductal proliferation (IDP), which gives rise to intraductal carcinomas. These evolve to cribriform, papillary and comedo types (2). In the present work, we report the ultrastructural changes that take place in the IDP for the formation of a cribriform pattern.Fifty-five-day-old Sprague Dawley virgin female rats were inoculated intra- gastrically with 20 mg 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in 1 ml sesame oil. Non-inoculated, age-matched females were used as controls. Mammary glands from both control and experimental rats were removed weekly from the time of inoculation until 86 days post-inoculation. The glands were fixed and processed for electron microscopy (2).The first change observed in IDP's was the widening of intercellular spaces and the secretion of an electron dense material into these spaces (Fig. 1).

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The effect of bromocriptine on mammary-gland ultrastructure of hyperprolactinemic rats

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100111136 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 204-205

Author(s):

I.C. Murray

Keyword(s):

Mammary Gland ◽

Dopamine Agonist ◽

Alveolar Epithelium ◽

Mammary Glands ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Cell Hyperplasia ◽

Once Daily ◽

Long Evans

In women, hyperprolactinemia is often due to a prolactin (PRL)-secreting adenoma or PRL cell hyperplasia. RRL excess stimulates the mammary glands and causes proliferation of the alveolar epithelium. Bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, inhibits PRL secretion and is given to women to treat nonpuerperal galactorrhea. Old female rats have been reported to have PRL cell hyperplasia or adenoma leading to PRL hypersecretion and breast stimulation. Herein, we describe the effect of bromocriptine and consequently the reduction in serum PRL levels on the ultrastructure of rat mammary glands.Female Long-Evans rats, 23 months of age, were divided into control and bromocriptine-treated groups. The control animals were injected subcutaneously once daily with a 10% ethanol vehicle and were later divided into a normoprolactinemic control group with serum PRL levels under 30 ng/ml and a hyperprolactinemic control group with serum PRL levels above 30 ng/ml.

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