Analytical studies of a backscatter x-ray imaging landmine detection system

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyam P. Keshavmurthy ◽  
Edward T. Dugan ◽  
Joseph C. Wehlburg ◽  
Alan M. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Landmine Detection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analytical Studies ◽  
X Ray Imaging

scholarly journals A Review on Deep Learning Approaches for COVID-19 Detection in Chest X-Ray Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1792-1801
Author(s):  
Tanishka Dodiya
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Detection System ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Case ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
The World ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities

Abstract: COVID-19 also famously known as Coronavirus is one of the deadliest viruses found in the world, which has a high rate in both demise and spread. This has caused a severe pandemic in the world. The virus was first reported in Wuhan, China, registering causes like pneumonia. The first case was encountered on December 31, 2019. As of 20th October 2021, more than 242 million cases have been reported in more than 188 countries, and it has around 5 million deaths. COVID- 19 infected persons have pneumonia-like symptoms, and the infection damages the body's respiratory organs, making breathing difficult. The elemental clinical equipment as of now being employed for the analysis of COVID-19 is RT-PCR, which is costly, touchy, and requires specific clinical workforce. According to recent studies, chest X-ray scans include important information about the start of the infection, and this information may be examined so that diagnosis and treatment can begin sooner. This is where artificial intelligence meets the diagnostic capabilities of intimate clinicians. X-ray imaging is an effectively available apparatus that can be an astounding option in the COVID-19 diagnosis. The architecture usually used are VGG16, ResNet50, DenseNet121, Xception, ResNet18, etc. This deep learning based COVID detection system can be installed in hospitals for early diagnosis, or it can be used as a second opinion. Keywords: COVID-19, Deep Learning, CNN, CT-Image, Transfer Learning, VGG, ResNet, DenseNet

scholarly journals Development and Validation of an X-ray Imaging Detector for Digital Radiography at Low Resolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Abdiel Ramírez Reyes ◽  
Gerardo Herrera Corral ◽  
Elsa Ordoñez Casanova ◽  
Héctor Alejandro Trejo Mandujano ◽  
Uzziel Caldiño Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Modulation Transfer ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Large Area ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Regular Type ◽  
Digital Radiographs ◽  
Ccd Sensor ◽  
X Ray Imaging

Digital X-ray detectors are required in different sciences and applications, however many high quality devices are expensive although high-resolution images are not always required. We present an easy way to build a detector capable of forming X-ray digital images and video with a very large area (18×18 cm2). The detector is formed by three main components: scintillator, optics lenses and CCD sensor. Basically, the device converts the X-rays into visible light which is then collected by the CCD sensor. The scintillator is Gadox type, from Carestream®, 18×18 cm2, regular type, lambda 547 nm. The optics lenses are generic, with manual focus and widely visual field. The CCD sensor has a size of 1/3″, 752 × 582 pixels, monochrome, 20 FPS, 12 bits ADC and pixel size of 3.8 μm. With the built detector and an X-ray source, we formed an X-ray imaging detection system to generate digital radiographs of biological or inert objects-examples are given-, as well as real-time X-ray video. Additionally, the spatial resolution limit was measured in terms of Modulation Transfer Function by the method of opaque edge from a lead sheet with a result of 1.1 Lp/mm. Finally using a filter, the focal spot of the X-ray source is measured, resulting in a diameter of 0.9 mm (FWHM).

Status of XMIS x-ray backscatter radiography landmine detection system

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward T. Dugan ◽  
Alan M. Jacobs ◽  
Zhong Su ◽  
Laurent Houssay ◽  
Dan Ekdahl
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Landmine Detection ◽  
X Ray

Defects of Platelet Function Recognized by X-Ray Imaging and Scanning Electron Microscopy

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 610-613
Author(s):  
M.G. Baldini ◽  
S. Morinaga ◽  
D. Minasian ◽  
R. Feder ◽  
D. Sayre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Scanning Electron

Contact X-ray imaging is presently developing as an important imaging technique in cell biology. Our recent studies on human platelets have demonstrated that the cytoskeleton of these cells contains photondense structures which can preferentially be imaged by soft X-ray imaging. Our present research has dealt with platelet activation, i.e., the complex phenomena which precede platelet appregation and are associated with profound changes in platelet cytoskeleton. Human platelets suspended in plasma were used. Whole cell mounts were fixed and dehydrated, then exposed to a stationary source of soft X-rays as previously described. Developed replicas and respective grids were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Designing high-resolution slow scan CCD-based TEM camera systems

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 946-947
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso ◽  
William B. Maxwell ◽  
Russell E. Camp ◽  
Mark H. Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Phosphor Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Light Production ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Scintillating Fiber

The imaging requirements for 1000 line CCD camera systems include resolution, sensitivity, and field of view. In electronic camera systems these characteristics are determined primarily by the performance of the electro-optic interface. This component converts the electron image into a light image which is ultimately received by a camera sensor.Light production in the interface occurs when high energy electrons strike a phosphor or scintillator. Resolution is limited by electron scattering and absorption. For a constant resolution, more energy deposition occurs in denser phosphors (Figure 1). In this respect, high density x-ray phosphors such as Gd2O2S are better than ZnS based cathode ray tube phosphors. Scintillating fiber optics can be used instead of a discrete phosphor layer. The resolution of scintillating fiber optics that are used in x-ray imaging exceed 20 1p/mm and can be made very large. An example of a digital TEM image using a scintillating fiber optic plate is shown in Figure 2.

Ionic homeostasis and subcellular element compartmentation

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
Ann LeFurgey ◽  
Peter Ingram ◽  
J.J. Blum ◽  
M.C. Carney ◽  
L.A. Hawkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Ionic Homeostasis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Cell Compartments ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Role Of Zn

Subcellular compartments commonly identified and analyzed by high resolution electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPXMA) include mitochondria, cytoplasm and endoplasmic or sarcoplasmic reticulum. These organelles and cell regions are of primary importance in regulation of cell ionic homeostasis. Correlative structural-functional studies, based on the static probe method of EPXMA combined with biochemical and electrophysiological techniques, have focused on the role of these organelles, for example, in maintaining cell calcium homeostasis or in control of excitation-contraction coupling. New methods of real time quantitative x-ray imaging permit simultaneous examination of multiple cell compartments, especially those areas for which both membrane transport properties and element content are less well defined, e.g. nuclei including euchromatin and heterochromatin, lysosomes, mucous granules, storage vacuoles, microvilli. Investigations currently in progress have examined the role of Zn-containing polyphosphate vacuoles in the metabolism of Leishmania major, the distribution of Na, K, S and other elements during anoxia in kidney cell nuclel and lysosomes; the content and distribution of S and Ca in mucous granules of cystic fibrosis (CF) nasal epithelia; the uptake of cationic probes by mltochondria in cultured heart ceils; and the junctional sarcoplasmic retlculum (JSR) in frog skeletal muscle.

Dynamic X-ray imaging of the penetration of boron carbide

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (PR9) ◽  
pp. Pr9-583-Pr9-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Gooch ◽  
M. S. Burkins ◽  
G. Hauver ◽  
P. Netherwood ◽  
R. Benck
Keyword(s):  
Boron Carbide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging

X-Ray Imaging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging
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