scholarly journals First aircraft test results of a compact, low cost hyperspectral imager for earth observation from space

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. G. de Goeij ◽  
J. M. O. van Wakeren ◽  
J. P. Veefkind ◽  
T. Vlemmix ◽  
X. Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Test Results

scholarly journals Contemporaneous Monitoring of the Whole Dynamic Earth System from Space, Part I: System Simulation Study Using GEO and Molniya Orbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Christopher Cullingworth ◽  
Jan-Peter Muller
Keyword(s):  
Climate Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global View ◽  
Disaster Monitoring

Despite the wealth of data produced by previous and current Earth Observation platforms feeding climate models, weather forecasts, disaster monitoring services and countless other applications, the public still lacks the ability to access a live, true colour, global view of our planet, and nudge them towards a realisation of its fragility. The ideas behind commercialization of Earth photography from space has long been dominated by the analytical value of the imagery. What specific knowledge and actionable intelligence can be garnered from these evermore frequent revisits of the planet’s surface? How can I find a market for this analysis? However, what is rarely considered is what is the educational value of the imagery? As students and children become more aware of our several decades of advance in viewing our current planetary state, we should find mechanisms which serve their curiosity, helping to satisfy our children’s simple quest to explore and learn more about what they are seeing. The following study describes the reasons why current GEO and LEO observation platforms are inadequate to provide truly global RGB coverage on an update time-scale of 5-min and proposes an alternative, low-cost, GEO + Molniya 3U CubeSat constellation to perform such an application.

A Mechatronic Approach to Compact Fluid Disc Valve Design

1995 ◽  
Vol 209 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-125
Author(s):  
G A Parker ◽  
Y B Sun
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Valve Design ◽  
Electromagnetic Characteristics ◽  
High Control ◽  
Fail Safe ◽  
Pilot Valve

The work presented in this paper deals mainly with a mechatronic approach to compact disc valve design and concentrates on improvements to the disc valve electromagnetic characteristics, the diaphragm design and the dynamic performance. A novel diaphragm-disc force motor has been successfully developed incorporating a pair of permanent ring magnets. It has the advantages of low electric power consumption at the null position, dual-lane electrical structure for fail-safe operation, high control accuracy and should be competitive with existing torque motors due to its low cost and simple construction. The research involved designing and testing a prototype disc pilot valve with a dual-lane operating mode. The test results showed that the valve has satisfactory static and dynamic characteristics for industrial applications.

Vaccine Passport - A blockchain based architecture for secure, tamper-resistant, privacy-enhanced credentialing mechanism of vaccination and verification of test results (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiu An Lee ◽  
Hsin-Hua Kung ◽  
Wei-Chen Wu ◽  
Jai Ganesh Udayasankaran ◽  
Yu-Chih Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Protection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Data Accuracy ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
International Data

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The prevention and treatment methods for COVID-19 are not yet clear. At present, there are at least 287 preventive vaccines against COVID-19 in the world, of which 5 vaccines are available for emergency use as of June 2021, but none has completed clinical trial. Nevertheless, with the development of vaccines, disease conditions in various countries are gradually controlled. OBJECTIVE The vaccination rate has increased in time, and activities in various countries have gradually recovered. Therefore, the focus of the next stage is confirming and proving that everyone is vaccinated to ensure that those without vaccines will not become a breach in the next wave of diseases. The vaccination or RT-PCR test results are all certified and verified by paper documents issued by hospitals or testing institutions. Meanwhile, falsified documents are a major risk factor in confirming the vaccination status and laboratory test results. Although the Vaccine Passport (VP) may become an important key to future global activities based on the current strategy, the problems of document verification and data use among countries have not yet been resolved. METHODS The blockchain architecture proposed in this research can be applied together by public and private entities and be rapidly expanded. Furthermore, the open ledger of blockchain achieves transparency and data accuracy. On the other hand, smart contracts (SCs) achieve authorization and authentication, while the encryption and decryption mechanisms achieve data protection. In order to make it globally available, the international data standard “Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR)” is adopted into this research. In general, this blockchain architecture can achieve global vaccine passport verification accurately and at a low cost. RESULTS The open nature of the blockchain contributes to establishing transparency and data accuracy. Total three entities are included in this blockchain architecture. All of the authorization are public in the open ledger. The smart certificate enables authorization and authentication, while the encryption and decryption mechanism ensure data protection. This proof of concept demonstrates the design of blockchain architecture which, when adopted, can achieve global vaccine passport verification accurately and at a cost country can afford. An actual vaccine passport case was established and demonstrated in this study. Open blockchain, individually authorized authentication mechanisms, and international standard vaccine passports were adopted. CONCLUSIONS Blockchain architecture is used to build the authentication process of an executable international vaccine passport, with advantages of low cost, high interoperability, effectiveness, security and verifiability.

Nonlinear-Time-Dependent Analysis of Micro Via-In-Pad Substrates for Solder Bumped Flip Chip Applications

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Lau ◽  
S. W. Ricky Lee ◽  
Stephen H. Pan ◽  
Chris Chang
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Flip Chip ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pcb Assembly ◽  
Creep Analysis ◽  
Chip Scale Package ◽  
Time Dependent Analysis

An elasto-plastic-creep analysis of a low-cost micro via-in-pad (VIP) substrate for supporting a solder bumped flip chip in a chip scale package (CSP) format which is soldered onto a printed circuit board (PCB) is presented in this study. Emphasis is placed on the design, materials, and reliability of the micro VIP substrate and of the micro VIP CSP solder joints on PCB. The solder is assumed to obey Norton’s creep law. Cross-sections of samples are examined for a better understanding of the solder bump, CSP substrate redistribution, micro VIP, and solder joint. Also, the thermal cycling test results of the micro VIP CSP PCB assembly is presented.

scholarly journals Testing of the Possibilities of Using IMUs with Different Types of Movements

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavol Kajánek
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Inertial Measurement Units ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Measurement Units

Inertial navigation system (INS) is a self-contained navigation technique. Its main purpose is to determinate the position and the trajectory of the object´s movement in space. This technique is well represented not only as a supplementary method (GPS/INS integrated system) but as an autonomous system for navigation of vehicles and pedestrians, also. The aim of this paper is to design a test for low-cost inertial measurement units. The test results give us information about accuracy, which determine the possible use in indoor navigation or other applications. There are described some methods for processing the data obtained by inertial measurement units, which remove noise and improve accuracy of position and orientation.

scholarly journals Low-Cost Fiber Rope Reinforced Polymer (FRRP) Confinement of Square Columns with Different Corner Radii

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Qudeer Hussain ◽  
Anat Ruangrassamee ◽  
Somnuk Tangtermsirikul ◽  
Panuwat Joyklad ◽  
Anil C. Wijeyewickrema
Keyword(s):  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Concrete Columns ◽  
Confined Concrete ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Reinforced Polymer

This research investigates the behavior of square concrete columns externally wrapped by low-cost and easily available fiber rope reinforced polymer (FRRP) composites. This study mainly aims to explore the axial stress-strain relationships of FRRP-confined square columns. Another objective is to assess suitable predictive models for the ultimate strength and strain of FRRP-confined square columns. A total of 60 square concrete columns were cast, strengthened, and tested under compression. The parameters were the corner radii of square columns (0, 13, and 26 mm) and different materials of FRRP composites (polyester, hemp, and cotton FRRP composites). The strength and deformability of FRRP-confined specimens were observed to be higher than the unconfined specimens. It was observed that strength gains of FRRP-confined concrete columns and corner radii were directly proportional. The accuracy of ultimate strength and strain models developed for synthetic FRRP-confined square columns was assessed using the test results of this study, showing the need for the development of improved predictive models for FRRP-confined square columns. Newly developed unified models were found to be accurate in predicting the ultimate strength and strain of FRRP-confined columns.

The COCONUDS Concept: a Low-cost, Distributed Network Approach to Satellite Earth Observation

2002 ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
F. F. Verduijn ◽  
T. Algra ◽  
W. A. Brokx ◽  
G. J. Close ◽  
C. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Distributed Network ◽  
Network Approach

scholarly journals Natural Mordenite from Spain as Pozzolana

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1220
Author(s):  
Leticia Presa ◽  
Jorge L. Costafreda ◽  
Domingo A. Martín ◽  
Isabel Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mechanical Compression ◽  
San Jose ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pozzolanic Cement ◽  
Natural Clinoptilolite ◽  
Potential Use

This work deals with anomalous concentrations of natural mordenite in the southeast of Spain. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies evidenced that the samples contain mainly monomineral zeolitic phase of mordenite (70% to 74%), usually accompanied by smectite (montmorillonite), the principal component of bentonite. A study of the applicability of these zeolites is presented to establish the potential use as pozzolanic cements. For comparative purposes, synthetic commercial mordenite is also characterized and tested. The initial mixtures were prepared using cement and mordenite at a 75:25 ratio. Chemical analysis and a pozzolanicity test showed the high pozzolanic character. These mixtures were further added to sand and water, yielding the cement specimens to be used as concrete. Mechanical test results showed that the mechanical compression at 7 and 28 days fall into the range of 19.23 to 43.05 MegaPascals (MPa) for the cement specimens built with natural mordenites. The obtained results fall in the same range of cement specimens prepared with natural clinoptilolite, using mixtures within the European requirement for commercial concretes. Thus, these results and the low cost of natural mordenite of San José de los Escullos deposit supports the potential use of natural mordenite as pozzolanic cement.

Some Discussions of Virtual Testing of Cutting Tools

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian E. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Performance Information ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Prototype Tool ◽  
Tool Performance ◽  
On Chip ◽  
The Cost

The drive for ever increasing productivity puts continuously increasing demands on cutting tool performance. With the cost of a single prototype tool design near $10,000, the benefits of virtual development are clear. Computer simulation can provide accurate information on chip form, cutting force, temperature, workpiece surface integrity and other vital performance information. Recent advances in simulation technology, combined with ever increasing available of computational power at low cost, have vastly expanded the range of machining applications which can be studied in practical times. This paper examines finite element solver technology, recent research and test results enabling virtual development and prototyping of cutting tools.

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