A cost-effective smartphone-based antimicrobial susceptibility test reader for drug resistance testing (Conference Presentation)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve W. Feng ◽  
Derek Tseng ◽  
Dino Di Carlo ◽  
Omai B. Garner ◽  
Aydogan Ozcan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Drug Resistance Testing

HIV Drug Resistance Testing in a Resource Limited Setting with High Viral Diversity: The First Twenty Eight Months Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Teclaire Ngo-Malabo ◽  
Paul Alain Ngoupo ◽  
Serge Alain Sadeuh-Mba ◽  
Emmanuel Akongnwi ◽  
Robert Banaï ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Resource Limited Setting ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Viral Diversity ◽  
Hiv Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistance Testing ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Limited Setting

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility and diarrheagenic diagnosis of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from feral pigeons (Columba livia) captured in Fortaleza, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2150-2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben V. Horn ◽  
Windleyanne G.A. Bezerra ◽  
Elisângela S. Lopes ◽  
Régis S.C. Teixeira ◽  
Isaac N.G. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Feral Pigeons

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to isolate Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica from captured feral pigeons in Fortaleza, Brazil, and, in addition to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and diagnose diarrheagenic E. coli strains. Pigeons were captured in four public locations in Fortaleza with three techniques. Individual cloacal swab samples were collected and submitted to bacterial isolation, biochemical identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Disk diffusion technique was used with twelve antibiotics. E. coli strains were submitted to DNA extraction followed by PCR to diagnose five diarrheagenic pathotypes. A total of 124 birds were captured. One bird was positive for Salmonella enterica (0.81%) and 121 (97.58%) were positive for E. coli. Among these, 110 isolates were submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility test and 28.18% (31/110) presented resistance to at least one antibiotic. Resistance to azithromycin was the most frequent (21.82%), followed by tetracycline (10.91%) and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (8.9%). Multidrug resistance, calculated as a resistance to at least 3 antimicrobial classes, was identified in 3.64% (4/110) of strains. The maximum number of antimicrobial classes to which one strain was resistant was seven. Results demonstrated nine different resistance profiles and the most frequent was tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (4 strains), followed by chloramphenicol, azithromycin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (3 strains). Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and tobramycin presented lowest levels of antimicrobial resistance, to which none of the tested strains were resistant. A single strain was positive for the eltB gene, which is a diagnostic tool to identify the Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) pathotype. None of the other investigated genes (stx1, stx2, estA, eaeA, ipaH, aatA and aaiC) were identified. The single isolate of S. enterica was a rough strain of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, but serotype identification was not possible. However, this isolate presented resistance to amoxicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim. Therefore, captured feral pigeons of Fortaleza presented a low prevalence of S. enterica and diarrheagenic E. coli. Considering the investigated pathogens, our results suggest a good health status and a low public health risk. However, important antimicrobial resistance profiles were identified.

scholarly journals Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Testing in Adult HIV‐1 Infection: 2008 Recommendations of an International AIDS Society–USA Panel

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin S. Hirsch ◽  
Huldrych F. Günthard ◽  
Jonathan M. Schapiro ◽  
Françoise Brun‐Vézinet ◽  
Bonaventura Clotet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
International Aids ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistance Testing ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Hiv 1

Clinically relevant thresholds for ultrasensitive HIV drug resistance testing: a multi-country nested case-control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. e638-e646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth C Inzaule ◽  
Raph L Hamers ◽  
Marc Noguera-Julian ◽  
Maria Casadellà ◽  
Mariona Parera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Hiv Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistance Testing ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study
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