Managing BHJ microstructural evolution for long-term photoconversion efficiency (Conference Presentation)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josue Martinez Hardigree ◽  
Graham E. Morse ◽  
Priti Tiwana ◽  
Giulio Mazzotta ◽  
Ivan R. Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Photoconversion Efficiency

The Microstructural Evolution of Haynes 282 Alloy during Long-Term Exposure Tests

2015 ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
Rui Fu ◽  
Shuangqun Zhao ◽  
Yanfeng Wang ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Yunhai Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Evolution

Characterisation of the Microstructure Evolution of Aged Grade 91 Steel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Che ◽  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Youqiao Huang ◽  
Qingchuan Pan ◽  
Gong Qian
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Laves Phases ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Grade 91 ◽  
Grade 91 Steel

Abstract Grade 91 steel has high creep strength and has been used as the material of piping in 600°C USC power plants in China. The Grade 91 materials used in actual power plants are useful in estimating the changes of material properties caused by long-term aging and damage at low stress conditions. An understanding of the long-term microstructural evolution under actually used conditions is a key for the improvement of these heat resistant steels. In this article, microstructural evolution of Grade 91 steel under different service conditions in Chinese power plants was studied using optical microscope (OM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques. The results show, M23C6, MX (V-rich particles; Nb-rich particles), and Laves phases were found to precipitate. A quantitative characterisation of microstructure evolution was evaluated during long-term exposure, focusing on the size of precipitates (M23C6 carbides, Laves phase, MX phase) for the Grade 91 steel after long-term service.

Microstructural Changes of a Creep-Damaged Nickel-Based K002 Superalloy Containing Hf Element under Different HIP Temperatures

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Wang ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Jian Dong ◽  
Tianyou Wang ◽  
Zihua Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Dissolution Process ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Solute Atoms

AbstractEffects of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) temperature on the microstructural evolution of a nickel-based K002 superalloy containing Hf element after long-term service were investigated using three different soaking temperatures during HIP. The degraded γ′ precipitates represented coarse and irregular morphology after long-term service. These γ′ precipitates still were of coarse and irregular shape, but the size and volume fraction of γ′ precipitates were markedly reduced under HIP condition of 1,190°C/200 MPa/4 h, indicating that the γ′ precipitates were experiencing a dissolution process. Meanwhile, the concentrically oriented N-type γ′ rafting structure around the cavities was formed. With HIP temperature increase to 1,220°C and 1,250°C, the small-sized, cubic and regular γ′ precipitates were re-precipitated, and the concentrically oriented γ′ structure vanished. The unstable morphology induced by the nucleation and growth of γ matrix was found near the creep cavities, indicating that the solute atoms diffused inward the creep-induced cavities during HIP. However, at HIP temperature of 1,220°C and 1,250°C, a large number of blocky MC(2)-type carbides containing amounts of Hf elements were precipitated, demonstrating that HIP treatment at higher temperatures can result in the formation of a large number of blocky MC(2)-type carbides.

Microstructural Evolution of P92 Steel During Long-Term Aging

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 882-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Sun ◽  
Yong Jiang ◽  
XiaoXiang Weng ◽  
JianMing Gong
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
P92 Steel
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