Multi-sensor satellite survey of surface oil pollution in the Caspian Sea

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina I. Mityagina ◽  
Olga Y. Lavrova
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
The Caspian Sea

Oil pollution in the Caspian Sea coastal waters

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Ahmad Khatoonabadai ◽  
Ahmadreza R. Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
The Caspian Sea

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF OIL PRODUCTION ON AQUATIC ORGANISMS OF THE CASPIAN SEA

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Marina Vladimirovna KHLOPKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
The Caspian Sea

The article summarizes data on the effects of oil products and drilling fluids on the inhabitants of the Caspian Sea., Compared to the Caspian autochthons, invasive species are more resistant to oil pollution. It leads to changes in the species composition of the biocenoses.

scholarly journals USE OF MODERN METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION OF HYDROCARBON CONTAINING MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT OF THE CASPIAN SEA

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (334) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Zh.K. Musayeva ◽  
◽  
E.K. Musayev ◽  
S.E. Koibakova ◽  
S. Syrlybekkyzy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Industrial Ecology ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Low Efficiency

Currently, the problem of the negative impact of petroleum hydrocarbons in the Caspian Sea has become catastrophic. Intensive pollution of marine waters by oil and oil products, from production, transportation and storage of hydrocarbons leads to the oppression of the sea ecosystem. Mechanical and physico-chemical methods for cleaning the marine environment are characterized by low efficiency, secondary pollution and high cost. The most promising is the use of microbiological methods for cleaning waters from oil pollution. In the article presents the results of the identification of reactive oxidizing bacteria isolated from the marine environment of the Caspian Sea, for further use in new biopreparation from oil pollutions. From the sea water in bulk berths Aktau sea port and the port of Bautino (North Caspian) allocated 27 hydrocarbon isolates of microorganisms having the ability to oil degradation of these strains selected the 4 most active cultures, which were identified as Bacillus cereus (2 strains), strain Bacillus sr.13 and Acinetobacter sr.10. Article is written by results of the scientific project of grant financing of Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Activization of the self-clearing ability of sea water of the Caspian Sea from oil products". Article is issued thanks to the international project Tempus of IV IEMAST of "Establishing Modern Master-level Studies in Industrial Ecology".

scholarly journals Main Pattern of the Caspian Sea Surface Oil Pollution Revealed by Satellite Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina I. Mityagina ◽  
Olga Yu. Lavrova ◽  
Andrey G. Kostianoy
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Aquatic Area ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Hydrocarbon Films ◽  
Relative Contribution

Over the years, oil pollution has been the primary environmental problem of the Caspian Sea. In this paper, we present the results of our satellite survey in 2019 of the whole aquatic area of the Caspian Sea. These results reveal the spatial and temporal distribution of hydrocarbon films of various origins on the sea surface. Our primary attention was focused on the main types of petroleum hydrocarbon films polluting the sea surface. They get into the aquatic area via several different ways: (i) from natural marine hydrocarbon emissions from the seabed; (ii) from the mouths of numerous mud volcanoes; (iii) from offshore oil production and transportation; (iv) from oily wastewaters discharged by ships. We mapped the petroleum hydrocarbon pollution of the Caspian Sea surface on the base of satellite data. For each type of pollution, specific manifestation features were revealed, regions of regular pollution occurrence were outlined, and polluted areas were estimated. The relative contribution of every kind of pollution to the total oil pollution of the Caspian Sea is assessed on the base of satellite data. Comparison with the previous results of our long-term survey of the Caspian Sea is made. The problem of reliability of quantitative estimates of surfaced oil volumes on the base of slick areas seen in the satellite images is discussed.

scholarly journals Some aspects of the deep abyssal overflow between the middle and southern basins of the Caspian Sea

Ocean Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-476
Author(s):  
Javad Babagoli Matikolaei ◽  
Abbasali Aliakbari Bidokhti ◽  
Maryam Shiea
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Gravity Current ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Density Difference ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Southern Basin ◽  
Flushing Time ◽  
Southern Caspian Sea

Abstract. The present study investigates the deep gravity current between the middle and southern Caspian Sea basins caused by the density difference of deep waters. Oceanographic data, a numerical model and a dynamic model are used to consider the structure of this Caspian Sea abyssal overflow. The CTD data are obtained from UNESCO, and the three-dimensional COHERENS ocean model results are used to study the abyssal currents in the southern basin of the Caspian Sea. The deep overflow is driven by the density difference, which is mainly owing to the temperature difference, between the middle and southern basins, especially in winter. Due to cold weather in the northern basin, water sinks at high latitudes and after filling the middle basin it overflows into the southern basin. As the current passes through the Absheron Strait (or sill), we use the analytic model of Falcini and Salusti (2015) for the overflow gravity current to estimate the changes in the vorticity and potential vorticity of the flow over the Absheron sill; the effects of entrainment and friction are also considered. Due to the importance of the overflow with respect to deep water ventilation, a simple dynamical model of the boundary currents based on the shape of the Absheron Strait is used to estimate typical mass transport and flushing time; the flushing time is found to be about 15 to 20 years for the southern basin of the Caspian Sea. This timescale is important for the region's ecosystem and with respect to the impacts of pollution due to oil exploration. In addition, by reviewing the drilled oil and gas wells in the Caspian Sea, the results show that the deep overflow moves over some of these wells. Thus, the deep flow could be an important factor influencing oil pollution in the deeper region of the southern Caspian Sea.

DEVELOPMENTS IN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND NATIONAL PLANNING IN THE CASPIAN SEA AND BLACK SEA

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 1329-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mark TAYLOR ◽  
Nina SCHNEIDER ◽  
Emmanuel HUNTZINGER ◽  
Patricia CHARLEBOIS
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Regional Plan

ABSTRACT The Caspian Sea and Black Sea regions have witnessed a growth in oil exploration, production and transportation activities, over a period of more than 15 years. Significant quantities of Caspian Sea region crude oil are shipped via Black Sea ports to markets in Europe. This development of the oil and shipping industries has brought a focus on ensuring an appropriate level of oil spill preparedness. Working under the umbrella of the ‘Global Initiative’ (GI) programme, the international community continues to support governments' efforts to build and implement national and regional systems to ensure effective response to major incidents. Recent progress in the Caspian Sea is described, notably the signing in 2011 by the five countries surrounding the Caspian Sea (the littoral States) of a regional agreement for co-operation in case of major oil spills - the so-called ‘Aktau Protocol’ to the Framework Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Caspian Sea (“Tehran Convention”). This Protocol is expected to enter into force in 2014 and will provide the legal basis for co-operation between the countries. A regional plan under the Protocol is in final draft and will provide the operational tool for implementation of regional cooperation and coordination procedures. The draft regional plan will be described, including its alignment to the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation (OPRC) and the promotion of integrated response between governments and industry. National oil spill contingency plans provide the fundamental building blocks for the regional co-operation mechanism. Information will be presented on the recent developments concerning two national plans in the Caspian Sea, i.e. Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan. The role of international organizations and the oil industry in supporting the respective government's development of these plans and the opportunities available to assist their implementation is discussed. The on-going biennial Black Sea regional exercise activity is used to illustrate how such a programme facilitates and encourages sustainable oil spill preparedness at the regional level. Information will be presented concerning the 2011 exercise, the key lessons learned and potential developments of the exercise programme in the future.

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