Three-exposure method of FI hologram interferometry in mechanics of thin-walled spatial structures

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander K. Shalabanov
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Exposure Method ◽  
Hologram Interferometry ◽  
Thin Walled

RESERVE OF ANALYTICAL SURFACES FOR ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
GIL-OULBE MATHIEU ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Shell Structures ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Surfaces Of Revolution ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Wavy Surfaces ◽  
Thin Walled

After a period of relative calm in the construction and design of thin-walled large-span shells and network multilayer shell structures, which, according to the world's leading architects, began in the 1980 s, the time has come for the expanded use of spatial structures in the architecture of public and industrial buildings. Less commonly, shells are used in small-sized housing construction: ecological villages, noospheric and bionic architecture. The entire 20th century did not stop research on the development of analytical and numerical methods for analyzing shells for strength and stability, for the creation of new building materials. Geometers have created and studied more than 600 analytical surfaces that can be mistaken for the mid-surfaces of civil and mechanical engineering shells. As a result, by the beginning of the 21st century, architects and engineers had all the necessary tools to continue the traditions of the "golden age of shells". The analysis of problems with the use of new forms in parametric architecture, carried out in the article, showed that more than ten classes of surfaces from their classification have not yet found application in architecture and mechanical engineering. It is assumed that the number of applied classes of surfaces will not expand, and new ideas for the shaping of shells will be based on the use of already well-known surfaces, namely, surfaces of revolution, transfer, umbrella, minimal, ruled and wavy surfaces. Mainly, shell structures will be designed taking into account environmental, energy-saving requirements and transforming structures.

scholarly journals PRECAST SHELLS MADE OF UNITS BENT DURING FORMING

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Boris SOKOLOV ◽  
Vitaly TITAEV ◽  
Dmitry PASKHIN
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Shell Elements ◽  
Large Span ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Technological Methods

In construction, thin-walled reinforced concrete spatial structures are used both for unique roofs of large-span buildings and for mass buildings of the pavilion type and small architectural forms. The most serious obstacle to the widespread application of economical thin-walled reinforced concrete structures is the shortcomings of the technology used for the manufacture and installation of prefabricated shell elements. The method of bending just formed flat flexible plates to give them a curved shape is one of the most promising technological methods that allow you to abandon the use of expensive metal forms of complex curved outlines, significantly simplify all production processes. The article describes the experience of research and development of structural decisions for spatial structures of building roofs with the use of unified rhombic elements made by the method of bending a flat just formed sheet on a flexible formwork.

scholarly journals The opportunities of umbrella-type shells

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Krivoshapko
Keyword(s):  
Strain State ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Thin Shells ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Surfaces Of Revolution ◽  
Base Surface ◽  
New Information ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Thin Walled

Relevance. The necessity of division of umbrella surfaces and surfaces of umbrella type into two separated classes is explained in introduction. Earlier, umbrella surfaces and surfaces of umbrella type were in the same class of surfaces because they consist of the identical fragments lying on the surfaces of revolution. Umbrella surfaces are compound surfaces on the base surface of revolution but umbrella-type surfaces are kinematic surfaces formed by continuous movement of a changing curve and that is why taking into account the methods of construction of these surfaces they were divided in two separate classes. The aim of the work is a collection of main publications on all areas of the investigation of umbrella-type shells. Methods. For the determination of principal results of investigation of umbrella-type shells, it is necessary to know differential geometry of surfaces, structural mechanics of thin shells, and approaches used in architecture of spatial structures. Results. In this article, the principal scientific papers on geometry, strength analysis, and offers of applications of thin-walled shells of umbrella type in building and of reflectors of umbrella type for space apparatuses. The accurate parametric equations of some determined surfaces are presented. The approximated computer models of middle surfaces of the real umbrella shells but in the form of umbrella-type surfaces are given. The examples of determination of stress-strain state of thin-walled shells of umbrella type without dividing of the whole shell in identical fragments are shown. New information and materials already known about shells of umbrella type give reasons to suppose that the shells of this type will be claimed by engineers and architects.

scholarly journals Large-span structures in diploma projects of students architects of RUDN University

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
Iraida A. Mamieva
Keyword(s):  
Differential Geometry ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Canonical Forms ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Methods Of Calculation ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Thin Walled

At present, there is a renewed interest in the design and application of wall structures in architecture and construction. With the advent of modern computers, refined methods for calculating shells, new building materials, the development of differential geometry and the rapid growth of numerical methods of calculation, it became possible to create architectural masterpieces from shells of canonical and non-canonical forms, which can be the hallmark of a city or country. This emerging trend among young Russian and foreign specialists inspires optimism among scientists who are researching thin-walled shells. The article considers some results of the work of the Department of Civil Engineering of the Engineering Academy of the Peoples Friendship University of Russia on attracting students to architectural design and involving undergraduates in researches on architecture, the theory of thin-walled spatial structures and their application in construction and architecture. The publications of students in this field are presented.

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