Role of demonstration in the rapid force projection initiative: model, test, model philosophy

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Gallman
Keyword(s):  
Model Test ◽  
Test Model

Farmland transfer and agricultural economic growth nexus in China: agricultural TFP intermediary effect perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-pei Kuang ◽  
Jia-li Yang ◽  
Meseret-Chanie Abate
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Agricultural Economic ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Intermediary Role ◽  
Multidimensional Effects ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe multidimensional effects of farmland transfer in China have been profoundly unstudied. The purpose of this paper is to provide insights on the effects of the intermediary role of agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) of farmland transfer on agricultural economic growth in China.Design/methodology/approachBased on the agricultural data of 30 provinces in China over the period 2005–2018, this paper uses the intermediary effect model to test the relationship between farmland transfer, agricultural TFP and agricultural economic growth. This paper employed an intermediary effect test model to investigate the intermediary role of agricultural TFP in the influence of farmland transfer on agricultural economic growth.FindingsThe findings indicated that farmland transfer has a significant effect on promoting agricultural economic growth. There is a significant “inverted U-shaped” relationship between farmland transfer and agricultural TFP. The sample value of 84.3% of farmland transfers in China is still within the TFP promoting effect range. In addition, farmland transfer has an indirect impact on agricultural economic growth through the channel of agricultural TFP. Agricultural TFP plays a significant intermediary role, but the effect is relatively lowOriginality/valueThis paper is the first to provide fundamental evidence on the impact of farmland transfers on agricultural economic growth in China, driven by agricultural TFP as an intermediary factor. Agricultural TFP can reduce the involution effect of farmland transfer and promote an indirect effect on agricultural economic growth.

On the Role of Statistical Weighting in the Least-Squares Analysis of UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Data

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1208-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Tellinghuisen
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Correction Term ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Spectrophotometric Data ◽  
Model Inadequacy ◽  
The Common

Spectrophotometric data are inherently heteroscedastic, which means that least-squares component analyses of absorbance spectra should properly employ weighted fits. The effects of neglecting weights (the common practice) is examined through Monte Carlo calculations on a three-peak model having two closely overlapping components of comparable strength and a third component that appears as a weak shoulder. The results show statistically significant loss of precision in all parameters; however the magnitude of this loss is ≤30% for realistic conditions. For comparison, experimental spectra of I2 in CCl4 (which was the basis for the Monte Carlo test model) are similarly analyzed. These results suggest that model inadequacy is likely to be a greater practical problem than neglect of weights, because the great precision of spectrophotometric data places extreme demands on the fit model. In the present instance, for example, incorporation of a correction term for the sinusoidal error in the spectrometer wavelength significantly reduces the fit chi-square.

Simulation Analysis of the Pier of Urban Landscape Bridge

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 1069-1073
Author(s):  
Hong Yin Yang ◽  
Zhi Jun Chen ◽  
Zhan Zheng Wang ◽  
Ya Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Machinery Manufacture ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Testing Instrument ◽  
Simulation Process ◽  
The City

The landscape is very important for the overpasses and other bridges built in the city. Not only should it be integration with land, sky and surrounding scenery, but also reflects the city's humanities content and historical background. Structures with landscape features, of which the forces are different from the normal structures, often have rather special characteristics. To ensure the safety of these structures, the test is often needed, and of course a lot of test equipments, sites and costs etc are required.Without the need of test sites, testing instrument, and test model fabricating, the simulation analysis, which could get better effect than actual model test in some cases, has been extensively applied in lots of industries, such as machinery manufacture, aerospace, civil engineering, etc. Be great reference value for the design of the bridge, the simulation process and relevant conclusions of a curve pier in Hefei (the flower city in China) are described in this paper.

The Similar Relationship Research of the L-Type Eccentric Structure Model on Vibration Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 724 ◽  
pp. 256-260
Author(s):  
Ai Jun Chen ◽  
Xiao Mei Jiang ◽  
Guo Jing He
Keyword(s):  
Model Test ◽  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Seismic Action ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Correct Formula ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Eccentric Structure ◽  
Scaled Models

Vibroplatform test is an important means of testing the dynamic characteristics of the laboratory sim-ulating structure under seismic action. For structure whose volume and weight exceed the limits of vibroplatfor-m tests is usually carried out through model test according to the similarity theory. So how to deal with the simil-ar relationships among the test model and how to verify thethe rationality of vibration control strategy through testing results become the key and fundamentalproblems. 1:15 scaled models will be made through the dimensional analysis based on a 4 layersL-shaped frame structure as the proto-type , which are made from micro-concrete, aluminum alloyand plexiglass. SFMT sap2000 is used to make a dynamic analysis to get the values of period,acceleration, velocity, etc. Comparing the results of prototype inferred from model through similarrelationship with theoretica-l values of prototype to get the correct formula and confirm the bestscaled model and then provide references f-or model test later.

Model Test Research on the Concrete Creep and Shrinkage Effects on the Long-Time Deflection of Steel Concrete Composite Beam

2013 ◽  
Vol 351-352 ◽  
pp. 1061-1065
Author(s):  
Shi Bo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Model Test ◽  
Composite Beam ◽  
Effective Modulus ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Concrete Creep ◽  
Material Theory ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Beam Bridge ◽  
Creep And Shrinkage

This paper presents a model test research on long-term deflection of prestressed steel-concrete composite beams caused by creep and shrinkage effects of concrete. The model is designed based on a 20.8m length segment of a service composite beam bridge in Guangzhou. Geometric scale between the model and prototype is 1:8. Long-term deflection of the test model was obtained through 300 days of uninterrupted test. In addition, using the CEB-FIP (1990) criterion, effective modulus of concrete was calculated considering the effect of the concrete creep and shrinkage. Uniform the effective modulus of concrete to the modulus of steel, the value of structures time varying stiffness was calculated with single material theory and the relationship between stiffness and deflection by introducing stiffness adjustment coefficients was established, then the value of deflection changing with time was calculated.

scholarly journals Study of the Role of Dopamine Receptors in Streptozotocin-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior Using the Forced Swim Test Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e954
Author(s):  
Afshin Roostaei ◽  
Gholamhassan Vaezi ◽  
Mohammad Nasehi ◽  
Ali Haeri-Rohani ◽  
Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Dopamine Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Swim Test ◽  
Forced Swim

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common endocrine diseases characterized by hyperglycemia. It is caused by an absolute or relative insulin deficiency or an insulin function deficiency. It is one of the major risk factors of depression, with the rate of depression in diabetic patients amounting to as high as 30%. This study examined the role of dopamine receptors in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced depressive-like behavior using the forced swim test (FST). Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 56 Wistar male rats. STZ at doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg body weight was administered via intraperitoneal (IP) route to induce diabetes and depression in rats. Thereafter, by using halobenzazepine (SCH23390) (D1 dopamine receptor antagonist) and sulpiride (D2 receptor dopamine receptor antagonist), the role of dopamine receptors in STZ-induced depression was studied. The one-way analysis of variance technique, Tukey’s range test, and t-test were used to analyze the data. The P-value less than 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: Our study showed that STZ at doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg, two weeks after injection, caused prolonged immobility in FST, indicating depressive-like behavior (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). SCH23390 (0.001 mg/mL/kg) and sulpiride (0.1mg/mL/kg) did not change the variables of depression in animals that received STZ (at doses of 30 and 60 mg/mL/kg) two weeks before (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to our study, STZ has a depressive-like behavior two weeks after injection, and dopamine receptors do not play a role in depression associated with STZ use. [GMJ.2018;7:e954]

scholarly journals The developing teaching practice model as an effort to improve the quality of mechanical engineering vocational school teachers

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Theodorus Wiyanto ◽  
Muchlas Samani ◽  
S. Sugiyono
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Vocational Schools ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
State University ◽  
Practice Model ◽  
Engineering Department

This research aims to develop teaching practice program model for mechanical engineering education teacher trainees of State University of Surabaya. This research applied research and development (R & D) design by Borg & Gall in ten steps which are classified into two stages: research and data collection and product development. The research and data collection were conducted by applying qualitative approach through observation, interview, documentation on seven State ‘LPTK’, education office, teacher profession association, teaching practice student, teaching practice supervising lecturer, headmaster, and teacher tutor. The data analysis in this stage was conducted based on the technique developed by Miles and Huberman. Data validity was tested with data triangulation using double sources as comparison. The product development stage included model pre-design making, introductory test, model revision, model test, model revision, field test, and final model revision. First stage model test was conducted in mechanical engineering department with three vocational schools. The second stage model test was conducted in mechanical engineering department with six vocational schools. The last  is dissemination stage in the form of spreading the model yielded from the product development to professionals, authorities, and policy makers. The result at this research is a teaching practice model called “KPrIP2” which consists of four main product components. “K” means partnership between Mechanical Engineering Department of State University of Surabaya and the education office of province/ regency/city in continuous planning, action, and evaluation. “Pr” means pre-teaching practice in which the students do introductory activities in vocational schools to observe and coordinate with the school’s department to determine who will be the teacher tutor and what material/subject to be used in the teaching practice II. “I” means that all pre-teaching practice activities, starting from classroom peer-teaching, laboratory peer-teaching, microteaching, and real teaching in vocational school, are conducted individually and independently. “P2” means that teaching service activities must be supervised by competent/professional advisors, i.e. who have the same pedagogical and major background with the students who do the teaching practice and play role as the supervising lecturer of teaching practice I which is continued to be the advisor in teaching practice II. Teaching practice model “KPrIP2” is claimed to be effective to reach the teaching practice objectives but inefficient in budgeting.

scholarly journals THE INVESTIGATION OF PRODUCTIVE AND RECEPTIVE COMPETENCE IN V+N AND ADJ+N COLLOCATIONS AMONG INDONESIAN EFL LEARNERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Saudin Saudin ◽  
Iis Sulyaningsih ◽  
Lina Meilinda
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Lexical Cohesion ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Important Sign

The important role of collocation in learners’ language proficiency has been acknowledged widely. In Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), collocation is known as one prominent member of the super-ordinate lexical cohesion, which contributes significantly to the textual coherence, together with grammatical cohesion and structural cohesion (Halliday & Hasan, 1985). Collocation is also viewed as the hallmark of truly advanced English learners since the higher the learners’ proficiency is, the more they tend to use collocation (Bazzaz & Samad, 2011; Hsu, 2007; Zhang, 1993). Further, knowledge of collocation is regarded as part of the native speakers’ communicative competence (Bazzaz & Samad, 2011); and lack of the knowledge is the most important sign of foreignness among foreign language learners (McArthur, 1992; McCarthy, 1990). Taking the importance of collocation into account, this study is aimed to shed light on Indonesian EFL learners’ levels of collocational competence. In the study, the collocational competence is restricted to v+n and adj+n of collocation but broken down into productive and receptive competence, about which little work has been done (Henriksen, 2013). For this purpose, 49 second-year students of an English department in a state polytechnic were chosen as the subjects. Two sets of tests (filling in the blanks and multiple-choice) were administered to obtain the data of the subjects’ levels of productive and receptive competence and to gain information of which type was more problematic for the learners. The test instruments were designed by referring to Brashi’s (2006) test model, and Koya’s (2003). In the analysis of the data, interpretive-qualitative method was used primarily to obtain broad explanatory information. The data analysis showed that the scores of productive competence were lower than those of receptive competence in both v+n and adj+n collocation. The analysis also revealed that the scores of productive and receptive competence in v+n collocation were higher than those of productive and receptive competence in adj+n collocation. The finding comes as a surprise since it turns out adj+n collocation is more problematic than v+n collocation both productively and receptively. Much research, by contrast, has reported that mistakes in v+n collocation are typical (Al-Zahrani, 1998; Nesselhauf, 2003; Liu, 1999; Sun, 2004). A conclusion has even been drawn that “v+n collocation is more difficult than adj+n collocation” (Kuo, 2009, p. 148). Though more studies are needed to support its finding, this research suggests the type of collocation deserve to get more attention from researchers.

Model Experiments of a Tension Leg Platform

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Karatas¸ ◽  
Nijat Mastanzade ◽  
Gu¨ven Kiymaz
Keyword(s):  
Model Test ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Model Structure ◽  
Geometric Form ◽  
Shell Surface ◽  
Main Structure ◽  
Characteristic Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hydraulics Laboratory

The present paper presents the results of an experimental program on tension leg platforms. The geometric form of the test model structure is a conical shell surface. The model structure was tested in a hydraulics laboratory. The dynamic behavior depends on the buoyancy of the main structure and tension in the legs. Dynamic characteristic values for the TLP model test were compared against the theoretical values according to the Frude law. The difference between the model test values and theoretical values was found to be 7.5% and therefore is considered to be satisfactory.

Experimental Study on Wave Loads of Flooded Ship

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Kim ◽  
D. C. Hong ◽  
S. Y. Hong ◽  
J. H. Kyoung ◽  
S. K. Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Test ◽  
Ship Motions ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Wave Loads ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ocean Engineering ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Ship Model

This paper investigates wave loads of a flooded ship by model test. Model tests are performed in ocean engineering basin of MOERI (Maritime and Ocean Engineering Research Institute). Ship motions are measured by RODYM6D. Wave loads such as shear forces, bending moments and torsion moments are measured by ATI load cell mounted on segmented parts of the ship model. A 300 m-long barge ship with two flooded compartments is considered in model test. Responses of intact and flooded cases are compared. The test results are also compared with numerical analyses using boundary element method.

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