CT calibration and dose minimization in image-based material decomposition with energy-selective detectors

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Faby ◽  
Stefan Kuchenbecker ◽  
David Simons ◽  
Heinz-Peter Schlemmer ◽  
Michael Lell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Decomposition ◽  
Selective Detectors

scholarly journals Detection of Bone Marrow Edema in Patients with Osteoid Osteoma Using Three-Material Decomposition with Dual-Layer Spectral CT

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
Florian T. Gassert ◽  
Johannes Hammel ◽  
Felix C. Hofmann ◽  
Jan Neumann ◽  
Claudio E. von Schacky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Osteoid Osteoma ◽  
Bone Marrow Edema ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Spectral Ct ◽  
Material Decomposition ◽  
Negative Imaging ◽  
Interreader Agreement ◽  
Marrow Edema

The aim of this study is to assess whether perifocal bone marrow edema (BME) in patients with osteoid osteoma (OO) can be accurately detected on dual-layer spectral CT (DLCT) with three-material decomposition. To that end, 18 patients with OO (25.33 ± 12.44 years; 7 females) were pairwise-matched with 18 patients (26.72 ± 9.65 years; 9 females) admitted for suspected pathologies other than OO in the same anatomic location but negative imaging findings. All patients were examined with DLCT and MRI. DLCT data was decomposed into hydroxyapatite and water- and fat-equivalent volume fraction maps. Two radiologists assessed DLCT-based volume fraction maps for the presence of perifocal BME, using a Likert scale (1 = no edema; 2 = likely no edema; 3 = likely edema; 4 = edema). Accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for the detection of BME on DLCT were analyzed using MR findings as standard of reference. For the detection of BME in patients with OO, DLCT showed a sensitivity of 0.92, a specificity of 0.94, and an accuracy of 0.92 for both radiologists. Interreader agreement for the assessment of BME with DLCT was substantial (weighted κ = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.59, 0.94). DLCT with material-specific volume fraction maps allowed accurate detection of BME in patients with OO. This may spare patients additional examinations and facilitate the diagnosis of OO.

scholarly journals The Effect of Salt Solutions and Absorption Cycles in the Capillary and Drying Coefficient of Red Brick Samples with Different Joints

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Guimarães ◽  
J. M. P. Q. Delgado ◽  
V. P. de Freitas ◽  
A. P. Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diffusion ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Material Decomposition ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Partial Immersion ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Best Fit

Rising damp can reduce building’s aesthetical value, comfort, and health mark when combined with the existence of soluble salts in the building components and in the ground water can even lead to material decomposition and compromise its structural performance. This research work intended to study the effect of different absorption cycles of two saturated solutions of sodium sulphate and potassium chloride in the capillary absorption curves obtained through the partial immersion of red brick samples without and with different joints. The results revealed significant differences in the capillary coefficients obtained when samples were tested with salt solutions. In the end of this paper an evaluation of the drying kinetics was presented for all the tested samples. Four different first-order kinetics models, available in the literature, were adjusted to describe the drying process and the results point that the Page and Logarithmic models allow the best fit. The apparent molecular diffusion coefficient for solid red brick samples saturated with different solutions and joints was also estimated.

Electronic Cleansing in Fecal-Tagging Dual-Energy CT Colonography Based on Material Decomposition and Virtual Colon Tagging

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 754-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenli Cai ◽  
June-Goo Lee ◽  
Da Zhang ◽  
Se Hyung Kim ◽  
Michael Zalis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Colonography ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Material Decomposition ◽  
Fecal Tagging
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