scholarly journals Optical loss and crosstalk in multimode photolithographically fabricated polyacrylate polymer waveguide crossings

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Baghsiahi ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
David R. Selviah
Keyword(s):  
Optical Loss ◽  
Polymer Waveguide

Optoelectronic Substrate With High-Aspect-Ratio Optical Through-Hole for Chip-to-Chip Interconnects

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (1) ◽  
pp. 000837-000844
Author(s):  
Atsushi Suzuki ◽  
Yutaka Takagi ◽  
Toshikazu Horio ◽  
Toshifumi Kojima ◽  
Toshikatsu Takada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Optical Waveguide ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Cavity Surface ◽  
Optical Coupling ◽  
Polymer Waveguide ◽  
Through Hole ◽  
Better Than

We report high-aspect-ratio optical through-holes fabricated in optoelectronic substrates for chip-to-chip optical interconnections. They are used for transmitting optical signals vertically through the optoelectronic substrate. They consist of cladding layer and cores that are 50 μm in diameter. Their lengths are 1.2 mm equal to the thickness of the substrate. This small diameter enables the optical through-holes to achieve low-loss optical coupling with a polymer optical waveguide. This thickness of the optoelectronic substrate accommodates embedded capacitor integration under CPUs. The capacitor will improve power supply to the CPU and co-planarity for both package level and board level assembly. We have evaluated the optical characteristics of the high-aspect-ratio optical through holes. We have measured optical loss and crosstalk. Optical coupling dependencies of alignment offset for the optical through-holes are also evaluated to clear the effects of misalignment. The optical loss of core-cladding optical through-hole was 1.3 dB that was 2.9 dB better than that of only one kind of transparent resin and 3.8 dB better than that of a vacant drilled hole. The narrowest 1-dB coupling tolerance was +/− 12 μm from the transmitter optical through-hole to the optical waveguide. Total optical loss was estimated to be 6.8 dB from a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser through 100-mm polymer waveguide with two 45°-ended mirrors to a photodiode.

Micromechanical Behavior and Optical Characteristics of a Free-Standing Polymer Waveguide

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moo-Jin Choi ◽  
Kyoung-Sun Seo ◽  
Young-Hyun Jin ◽  
Young-Ho Cho
Keyword(s):  
Optical Loss ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Coupling Loss ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Loss Measurement ◽  
Polymer Waveguide ◽  
Bending Loss ◽  
Mechanical Bending

Abstract This paper presents an experimental characterization of the microoptomechanical behavior of a mechanically deflected free-standing polymer waveguide. We evaluate the total optical loss of the mechanically deflected waveguide, considering propagation loss, input/output coupling loss and mechanical bending loss. For the experimental evaluation of the total optical loss, we design and fabricate three different sets of waveguide structures: the straight waveguides for propagation and coupling loss measurement; the curved waveguides for curvature loss measurement; the suspended waveguides for mechanical bending loss measurement. From the straight waveguides, we have measured the propagation loss of 5.4±1.1dB/cm and the coupling loss of 5.3±2.4dB, respectively. We have measured the curvature loss of ±4dB/rad for the curved waveguides having the radius of curvature in the range of 200–2,000μm. From the waveguide bending test, we have measured the elastic limit and the failure strength of the polymer waveguide as 5±1MPa and 23±8MPa, respectively. We also find that the mechanical bending loss is rapidly increased to 12–25dB for the waveguide deflection beyond the elastic region. The rapid increase of the mechanical bending loss in the large deflection region is due to the abrupt change of propagation angles as well as the mechanical defect generated in the waveguides.

Low Optical Loss Perfluorinated Methacrylates for a Single-Mode Polymer Waveguide

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 962-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunkyoung Kim ◽  
Song Yun Cho ◽  
Dong-Min Yeu ◽  
Sang-Yung Shin
Keyword(s):  
Optical Loss ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Polymer Waveguide

Loss Characteristics of Polymer Waveguide Fabricated by UV Laser Drawing of an Optically-Sensitive Hybrid Silicone

2011 ◽  
Vol E94-C (12) ◽  
pp. 1858-1860
Author(s):  
Soichi KOBAYASHI ◽  
Seigi OKI ◽  
Takahiro ISHIKURA ◽  
Keisuke KATO ◽  
Toshihiro SUDA
Keyword(s):  
Uv Laser ◽  
Polymer Waveguide

Design and characterization of a low-optical-loss UV-C laser diode

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 094001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyi Zhang ◽  
Maki Kushimoto ◽  
Tadayoshi Sakai ◽  
Naoharu Sugiyama ◽  
Leo J. Schowalter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Diode ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Uv C

scholarly journals 3D super-resolved imaging in live cells using sub-diffractive plasmonic localization of hybrid nanopillar arrays

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2847-2859
Author(s):  
Soojung Kim ◽  
Hyerin Song ◽  
Heesang Ahn ◽  
Seung Won Jun ◽  
Seungchul Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Complex Biological System ◽  
Observation Volume ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Nanopillar Arrays

AbstractAnalysing dynamics of a single biomolecule using high-resolution imaging techniques has been had significant attentions to understand complex biological system. Among the many approaches, vertical nanopillar arrays in contact with the inside of cells have been reported as a one of useful imaging applications since an observation volume can be confined down to few-tens nanometre theoretically. However, the nanopillars experimentally are not able to obtain super-resolution imaging because their evanescent waves generate a high optical loss and a low signal-to-noise ratio. Also, conventional nanopillars have a limitation to yield 3D information because they do not concern field localization in z-axis. Here, we developed novel hybrid nanopillar arrays (HNPs) that consist of SiO2 nanopillars terminated with gold nanodisks, allowing extreme light localization. The electromagnetic field profiles of HNPs are obtained through simulations and imaging resolution of cell membrane and biomolecules in living cells are tested using one-photon and 3D multiphoton fluorescence microscopy, respectively. Consequently, HNPs present approximately 25 times enhanced intensity compared to controls and obtained an axial and lateral resolution of 110 and 210 nm of the intensities of fluorophores conjugated with biomolecules transported in living cells. These structures can be a great platform to analyse complex intracellular environment.

scholarly journals Polymer Optical Waveguide Sensor Based on Fe-Amino-Triazole Complex Molecular Switches

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shaukat Khan ◽  
Hunain Farooq ◽  
Christopher Wittmund ◽  
Stephen Klimke ◽  
Roland Lachmayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Complex ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Uv Curing ◽  
Molecular Complexes ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Electronic Temperature ◽  
Polymer Waveguide ◽  
Temperature Detection

We report on a polymer-waveguide-based temperature sensing system relying on switchable molecular complexes. The polymer waveguide cladding is fabricated using a maskless lithographic optical system and replicated onto polymer material (i.e., PMMA) using a hot embossing device. An iron-amino-triazole molecular complex material (i.e., [Fe(Htrz)2.85(NH2-trz)0.15](ClO4)2) is used to sense changes in ambient temperature. For this purpose, the core of the waveguide is filled with a mixture of core material (NOA68), and the molecular complex using doctor blading and UV curing is applied for solidification. The absorption spectrum of the molecular complex in the UV/VIS light range features two prominent absorption bands in the low-spin state. As temperature approaches room temperature, a spin-crossover transition occurs, and the molecular complex changes its color (i.e. spectral properties) from violet-pink to white. The measurement of the optical power transmitted through the waveguide as a function of temperature exhibits a memory effect with a hysteresis width of approx. 12 °C and sensitivity of 0.08 mW/°C. This enables optical rather than electronic temperature detection in environments where electromagnetic interference might influence the measurements.

scholarly journals Cell/Module Integration Technology with Wire-Embedded EVA Sheet

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4170
Author(s):  
Jeong Eun Park ◽  
Won Seok Choi ◽  
Donggun Lim
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
High Power ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Power Module ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Front Electrode ◽  
The Wire

Silicon wafers are crucial for determining the price of solar cell modules. To reduce the manufacturing cost of photovoltaic devices, the thicknesses of wafers are reduced. However, the conventional module manufacturing method using the tabbing process has a disadvantage in that the cell is damaged because of the high temperature and pressure of the soldering process, which is complicated, thus increasing the process cost. Consequently, when the wafer is thinned, the breakage rate increases during the module process, resulting in a lower yield; further, the module performance decreases owing to cracks and thermal stress. To solve this problem, a module manufacturing method is proposed in which cells and wires are bonded through the lamination process. This method minimizes the thermal damage and mechanical stress applied to solar cells during the tabbing process, thereby manufacturing high-power modules. When adopting this method, the front electrode should be customized because it requires busbarless solar cells different from the existing busbar solar cells. Accordingly, the front electrode was designed using various simulation programs such as Griddler 2.5 and MathCAD, and the effect of the diameter and number of wires in contact with the front finger line of the solar cell on the module characteristics was analyzed. Consequently, the efficiency of the module manufactured with 12 wires and a wire diameter of 0.36 mm exhibited the highest efficiency at 20.28%. This is because even if the optical loss increases with the diameter of the wire, the series resistance considerably decreases rather than the loss of the short-circuit current, thereby improving the fill factor. The characteristics of the wire-embedded ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) sheet module were confirmed to be better than those of the five busbar tabbing modules manufactured by the tabbing process; further, a high-power module that sufficiently compensated for the disadvantages of the tabbing module was manufactured.

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