Continuous-wave near-photon counting spectral imaging detector in the mid-infrared by upconversion

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeppe Seidelin Dam ◽  
Peter Tidemand-Lichtenberg ◽  
Christian Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Imaging Detector

scholarly journals Quantitative dual contrast photon-counting computed tomography for assessment of articular cartilage health

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri Paakkari ◽  
Satu I. Inkinen ◽  
Miitu K. M. Honkanen ◽  
Mithilesh Prakash ◽  
Rubina Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Photon Counting Detector ◽  
Tissue Contrast ◽  
Reference Parameters

AbstractPhoton-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) is a modern spectral imaging technique utilizing photon-counting detectors (PCDs). PCDs detect individual photons and classify them into fixed energy bins, thus enabling energy selective imaging, contrary to energy integrating detectors that detects and sums the total energy from all photons during acquisition. The structure and composition of the articular cartilage cannot be detected with native CT imaging but can be assessed using contrast-enhancement. Spectral imaging allows simultaneous decomposition of multiple contrast agents, which can be used to target and highlight discrete cartilage properties. Here we report, for the first time, the use of PCD-CT to quantify a cationic iodinated CA4+ (targeting proteoglycans) and a non-ionic gadolinium-based gadoteridol (reflecting water content) contrast agents inside human osteochondral tissue (n = 53). We performed PCD-CT scanning at diffusion equilibrium and compared the results against reference data of biomechanical and optical density measurements, and Mankin scoring. PCD-CT enables simultaneous quantification of the two contrast agent concentrations inside cartilage and the results correlate with the structural and functional reference parameters. With improved soft tissue contrast and assessment of proteoglycan and water contents, PCD-CT with the dual contrast agent method is of potential use for the detection and monitoring of osteoarthritis.

Monolithically integrated near-infrared and mid-infrared detector array for spectral imaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Bandara ◽  
S.D. Gunapala ◽  
D.Z. Ting ◽  
J.K. Liu ◽  
C.J. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Detector ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Detector Array ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Monolithically Integrated ◽  
Infrared Detector Array

Mid-infrared continuous wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy of a pulsed hydrocarbon plasma

2013 ◽  
Vol 565 ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongfeng Zhao ◽  
Joseph Guss ◽  
Anton J. Walsh ◽  
Harold Linnartz
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Cavity Ring Down

scholarly journals Upconversion based continuous-wave mid-infrared detection

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Tidemand-Lichtenberg ◽  
Jeppe Seidelin Dam ◽  
Christian Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Infrared Detection ◽  
Mid Infrared

scholarly journals Photon counting statistics with imperfect detectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2086 (1) ◽  
pp. 012096
Author(s):  
Aleksei Reutov ◽  
Denis Sych
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Photon Detectors ◽  
Quantum Properties ◽  
Single Photon Detectors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Counting Statistics

Abstract Measurement of photon statistics is an important tool for the verification of quantum properties of light. Due to the various imperfections of real single photon detectors, the observed statistics of photon counts deviates from the underlying statistics of photons. Here we analyze statistical properties of coherent states, and investigate a connection between Poissonian distribution of photons and sub-Poissonian distribution of photon counts due to the detector dead-time corrections. We derive a functional dependence between the mean number of photons and the mean number of photon counts, as well as connection between higher-order statistical moments, for the pulsed or continuous wave coherent light sources, and confirm the results by numerical simulations.

Continuous-wave mid-infrared VCSELs

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 660-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.W. Bewley ◽  
C.L. Felix ◽  
I. Vurgaftman ◽  
E.H. Aifer ◽  
J.R. Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Mid Infrared

Mid-Infrared Quantum Cascade Lasers with 9 Stages for Regrowth-Free Low Voltage Continuous Wave Operation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Burghart ◽  
Wolfhard Oberhausen ◽  
Kevin Zhang ◽  
Alexander Gardanow ◽  
Jonas Krakofsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Quantum Cascade Lasers ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Continuous Wave Operation ◽  
Cascade Lasers
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