Novel silicone compatible cross-linkers for controlled functionalization of PDMS networks

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederikke Bahrt Madsen ◽  
Anders Egede Daugaard ◽  
Søren Hvilsted ◽  
Anne Ladegaard Skov
Keyword(s):  
Compatible Cross

The relationship of reproductive biology to the rarity of endemic Aster curtus (Asteraceae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E Giblin ◽  
Clement W Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
Glacial Outwash ◽  
Compatible Cross ◽  
Species Rarity ◽  
Filled Seeds

The fecundity of rare plants is a commonly used indicator of performance at the population or species level. However, accurately interpreting reproductive output requires an understanding of a particular species's breeding system. The purpose of this study was to determine if reproductive biology contributes to the restricted distribution of Aster curtus Cronq. We hypothesized that (i) A. curtus, like many Asteraceae species, is self-incompatible, and (ii) that pollinations between patches produce significantly more filled seeds than pollinations within patches. Fluorescent microscopy of pistils harvested after greenhouse pollination showed A. curtus to be partially self-compatible. Cross-pollination resulted in significantly more pollen grains per stigma and significantly greater pollen germination than self-pollination. Similarly, field pollination trials showed that between-patch crosses produced significantly more filled seeds than within-patch crosses. Nevertheless, within-patch pollinations produced substantial levels of filled seed. Results from the greenhouse and field trials suggest that the reproductive biology of A. curtus contributes little to its rarity. Understanding why A. curtus is rare has important implications to the conservation of the glacial outwash prairie. Moreover, the data from this research can be used in further developing predictive models for plant species rarity based on reproductive biology.Key words: Aster, endemic, Pacific Northwest, rarity, reproductive biology, self-incompatibility.

Apothecial development and sexuality in Ascobolus sacchariferus

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (15) ◽  
pp. 1784-1792
Author(s):  
John W. Paden ◽  
M. A. Susan Linton
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Opposite Mating Type ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Compatible Cross ◽  
Incompatible Cross ◽  
Vegetative Propagules

Sexuality and apothecial ontogeny in the operculate Discomycete Ascobolus sacchariferus (Ascomycetes, Pezizales) were investigated. Ascobolus sacchariferus is heterothallic and produces oidia that can function as vegetative propagules or as gametes. When oidia are contrasted with mycelia in either a compatible or incompatible cross, they fail to germinate. In a compatible cross the oidia are changed physiologically into functional antheridia and attract hyphae of the opposite mating type, which then delimit ascogonia. The ascogonia are blunt-ended, without a differentiated trichogyne, and coil around the oidia. Some strains were found to be stronger males, others stronger females. After plasmogamy, apothecial development is cleistohymenial. Opening of most apothecia occurs in the midmesohymenial phase. After opening, ripe asci protrude from the hymenial surface. Attempts to hybridize A. sacchariferus and A. sterocorarius yielded negative results. The two species, however, inhibit the germination of each other's oidia.

A quantitative and structural comparison of Citrus pollen tube development in cross-compatible and self-incompatible gynoecia

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2548-2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Kahn ◽  
Darleen A. DeMason
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
Structural Comparison ◽  
Stigma Surface ◽  
Incompatible Pollination ◽  
Compatible Cross ◽  
Incompatible Cross ◽  
Compatible Pollinations ◽  
Compatible Pollen

Pollen tube development in Orlando tangelo (Citrus paradisi Macf. × C. reticulata Blanco.) was compared within and between cross-compatible pollinations of Orlando pollen on Dancy tangerine (C. reticulata Blanco.) stigmas and self-incompatible pollinations on Orlando tangelo stigmas. Orlando and Dancy gynoecia were morphologically similar but differed slightly in stigma, style, and ovary lengths. Orlando pollen tube development was studied 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days after both cross- and self-pollination to record the number of pollen tubes at each of five levels: stigma surface, upper style, lower style, ovary, and entrance into ovules. In the incompatible cross (self-pollinated Orlando), the stigma was the primary region of pollen tube arrest. In the compatible cross (Orlando pollen on Dancy), some pollen tubes penetrated ovules between 9 and 12 days after cross pollination; however, other pollen tubes were arrested in the stigma. Pollen tubes that successfully penetrated ovules in the compatible cross differed morphologically from pollen tubes arrested in both the compatible and incompatible situations. Successful compatible pollen tubes were straight with thin-walled tips and regularly spaced callose plugs behind the growing tips. Many pollen tube abnormalities associated with the self-incompatible pollination of Orlando were also present among arrested pollen tubes from the compatible cross.

Pollen-stigma interaction in Brassica. III. Hydration of the pollen grains

1985 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Zuberi ◽  
H.G. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Close Study ◽  
Direct Linkage ◽  
Brassica Pollen ◽  
Compatible Cross

A method is described by which the changes in shape that accompany hydration of Brassica pollen grains may be rapidly measured. Using this technique it has proved possible to chart the small amount of hydration that takes place on anthesis, in addition to the response of pollen to a range of relative humidities in vitro and in vivo. Such measurements, together with pollen transfer experiments, indicate that under normal field conditions self-pollen undergoes a brief period of hydration followed by some loss of water and that, in the course of this hydration, many pollen grains are inhibited from further growth. Raised levels of atmospheric water cause a variety of responses in self-pollen, ranging from tube growth through the pistil to the ovary, to tubes inhibited at the stigmatic surface, accompanied by the formation of callose. Surprisingly, compatible cross-pollen is also affected by high humidity, often developing extended tubes that are incapable of penetrating the stigmatic cuticle. The development of stigmatic callose is also stimulated by these tubes, as also occurs when other members of the Cruciferae are induced to germinate on Brassica stigmas by high levels of atmospheric water. This formation of callose in response to challenge by all types of pollen tube suggests models for the self-incompatibility response in Brassica that involve a direct linkage between S (incompatibility) gene products and the formation of callose may require some reexamination. Close study of the operation of the self-incompatibility system in a number of individuals has revealed all aspects of the response to be heavily dependent on the particular S genes possessed by the plant.

scholarly journals Self-compatible Seedlings of the Cutleaf Hazelnut

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher ◽  
David C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Dominance Hierarchy ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cluster Set ◽  
S Alleles ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Compatible Cross ◽  
Very High

The cutleaf hazelnut [Corylus avellana L. f. heterophylla (Loud.) Rehder] is an ornamental form with strongly dissected leaf morphology. Its stigmas express incompatibility allele S20 but none of the other 25 S-alleles was detected with fluorescence microscopy. Three seedlings from a cross of the cutleaf hazelnut and VR6-28 lacked S20 and were investigated further. Each expressed an allele from the parent VR6-28 (S2 S26), S26 in OSU 562.031 and OSU 562.048 and S2 in OSU 562.049. S2 and S26 are low in the dominance hierarchy, so we expected the new allele from the cutleaf hazelnut to be expressed in their pollen. Unexpectedly, fluorescence microscopy showed that pollen of all three selections was compatible on their cutleaf parent and on each other, and furthermore, self-pollinations showed the excellent germination and long parallel tubes in the styles that are typical of a compatible pollination. Controlled self- and cross-pollinations in the field verified the self-compatibility of two selections. Cluster set for self-pollinations was very high (75-90%) and within the range observed for compatible cross-pollinations. Furthermore, the frequency of blank nuts was low (<10%). The second allele in the cutleaf hazelnut is designated S28, and its presence in seedlings of `Cutleaf' is indicated by the absence of S20. Controlled pollinations in the field also showed that selection OSU 562.069 (S2 S28) from the cross `Cutleaf' × `Redleaf #3' was self-compatible. Fluorescence microscopy showed that two additional seedlings were self-incompatible [OSU 367.052 (S1 S28) and OSU 367.076 (S6 S28)] while a third [OSU 706.071 (S9 S28)] was self-compatible. Self-compatibility may be limited to genotypes that combine S28 with a second allele that is low in the dominance hierarchy.

Pre-fertilization incompatibility barriers to interspecific hybridizations in Pennisetum species

2000 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. KAUSHAL ◽  
J. S. SIDHU
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Compatible Cross ◽  
Germination Stage ◽  
Normal Fertilization

The study was undertaken at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, in 1991–1992 to investigate the behaviour of the pollen tubes of four wild Pennisetum species in the stigmatic tract of P. typhoides and to identify stages of pre-fertilization impediments to interspecific hybridization. Pollen germination was normal in crosses with P. violaceum, P. squamulatum and P. orientale and slightly inhibited in a cross with P. setaceum. Fertilization was accomplished within 3 h of pollination in a control cross within P. typhoides. P. typhoides × P. violaceum was a compatible cross and the pollen tubes of P. violaceum reached the ovary within 4 h of pollination. The presence of P. squamulatum and P. orientale pollen tubes in the ovary 10–15 h after pollination indicated the possibility of normal fertilization, while in crosses with P. setaceum, pollen tubes did not penetrate the ovary even 15 h after pollination. The study indicated that there is no impediment at the pollen germination stage or in the stigmatic hairy region. Delayed/restricted growth of pollen tubes indicated that the barrier operates in the styllar hairless region for the crosses with P. squamulatum and P. orientale, and at the ovarian level for the P. typhoides × P. setaceum cross.

Practical AgentChain: A compatible cross-chain exchange system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Hei ◽  
Dawei Li ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Jianwei Liu ◽  
Yizhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange System ◽  
Compatible Cross

scholarly journals Incompatible Results on Matched Cross Test Examination

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Nur Fajrin Aljannah ◽  
Francisca Romana Sri Supadmi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Blood Transfusion Service ◽  
Compatible Cross ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Cross Matching

Compatibility testing before blood transfusion is very crucial. This procedure to prevent transfusion reactions due to blood group incompatibility or irregular antibodies. Cross-matching to ensure that the blood safe for the recipient. There are two results in the cross-matching, namely compatible and incompatible. This study aims to determine the inappropriate results of cross-matching at Blood Transfusion Service of the Indonesian Red Cross, Kulon Progo Regency. This study used a quantitative descriptive research design with a retrospective approach. The samples used in this study were 78 incompatible samples in Blood Transfusion Service of the Indonesian Red Cross, Kulon Progo Regency. The sampling technique used was the total population. Methods of data analysis using descriptive analysis. The results show incompatibilities of most compatible cross tests found in minor and auto control (96.1%) with male gender frequency (35.9%) and women (64.1%). The most blood type that has incompatibilities is blood type O (43.3%). The most Diagnosis is anemia (76.9%), and the most components are PRC (88.4%). The most incompatible types are minor and auto control and the most commonly encountered in women, O blood type, anemia, and components of PRC.

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