Structure and optical properties of multilayer x-ray mirrors for the long wavelength part (3.1-4.4 nm) of water window

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoli I. Fedorenko ◽  
V. V. Kondratenko ◽  
Yurii P. Pershin ◽  
O. V. Poltseva ◽  
E. N. Zubarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Water Window

Structure and optical properties of multilayer X-ray mirrors for long wave part (3.1–4.4 nm) of “water window”

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1139-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Fedorenko ◽  
V. V. Kondratenko ◽  
Yu. P. Pershin ◽  
O. V. Poltseva ◽  
E. N. Zubarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wave Part ◽  
Water Window ◽  
Long Wave

X-ray Gabor holography

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
Steve Lindaas ◽  
Chris Jacobsen ◽  
Alex Kalinovsky ◽  
Malcolm Howells
Keyword(s):  
Surface Relief ◽  
Biological Imaging ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Window ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Transmission Imaging ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Electron Microscopes

Soft x-ray microscopy offers an approach to transmission imaging of wet, micron-thick biological objects at a resolution superior to that of optical microscopes and with less specimen preparation/manipulation than electron microscopes. Gabor holography has unique characteristics which make it particularly well suited for certain investigations: it requires no prefocussing, it is compatible with flash x-ray sources, and it is able to use the whole footprint of multimode sources. Our method serves to refine this technique in anticipation of the development of suitable flash sources (such as x-ray lasers) and to develop cryo capabilities with which to reduce specimen damage. Our primary emphasis has been on biological imaging so we use x-rays in the water window (between the Oxygen-K and Carbon-K absorption edges) with which we record holograms in vacuum or in air.The hologram is recorded on a high resolution recording medium; our work employs the photoresist poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA). Following resist “development” (solvent etching), a surface relief pattern is produced which an atomic force microscope is aptly suited to image.

Structural and optical properties of Tin Oxide and Indium doped SnO2 thin films deposited by thermal evaporation technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4394-4399
Author(s):  
Sura Ali Noaman ◽  
Rashid Owaid Kadhim ◽  
Saleem Azara Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Pure Sno2 ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Evaporation Technique ◽  
Sno2 Thin Films

Tin Oxide and Indium doped Tin Oxide (SnO2:In) thin films were deposited on glass and Silicon  substrates  by  thermal evaporation technique.  X-ray diffraction pattern of  pure SnO2 and SnO2:In thin films annealed at 650oC and the results showed  that the structure have tetragonal phase with preferred orientation in (110) plane. AFM studies showed an inhibition of grain growth with increase in indium concentration. SEM studies of pure  SnO2 and  Indium doped tin oxide (SnO2:In) ) thin films showed that the films with regular distribution of particles and they have spherical shape.  Optical properties such as  Transmission , optical band-gap have been measured and calculated.

Sector growth and symmetry of (F,OH) apatite from the Asio mine, Japan

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (391) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuhiko Akizuki ◽  
Hirotugu Nisidoh ◽  
Yasuhiro Kudoh ◽  
Tomohiro Watanabe ◽  
Kazuo Kurata
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Growth Surface ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid Crystal ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Growth Features

AbstractA study of apatite crystals from the Asio mine, Japan, showed sectoral texture related to the growth of the crystal, and with optically biaxial properties within the sectors. Wet chemical analysis gave a composition Ca5(PO4)3(F0.64,OH0.38,Cl0.01)1.03 for the specimen.Additional diffraction spots were not observed in precession and oscillation X-ray photographs and electron diffraction photographs. Since the internal textures correlate with the surface growth features, it is suggested that the internal textures and the unusual optical properties were produced during nonequilibrium crystal growth. The fluorine/hydroxyl sites in hexagonal apatite are symmetrically equivalent in the solid crystal but, at a growth surface, this equivalence may be lost, resulting in a reduction of crystal symmetry. Heating of the apatite to about 850°C results in the almost complete disappearance of the optical anomalies due to disordering, which may be related to the loss of hydroxyl from the crystal.

scholarly journals Phytosynthetic Fabrication of Lanthanum Ion-Doped Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles Using Sesbania grandiflora Leaf Extract and Their Anti-Microbial Properties

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Srihasam Saiganesh ◽  
Thyagarajan Krishnan ◽  
Golla Narasimha ◽  
Hesham S. Almoallim ◽  
Sulaiman Ali Alhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Nio Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora

Over the past few years, the photogenic fabrication of metal oxide nanoparticles has attracted considerable attention, owing to the simple, eco-friendly, and non-toxic procedure. Herein, we fabricated NiO nanoparticles and altered their optical properties by doping with a rare earth element (lanthanum) using Sesbania grandiflora broth for antibacterial applications. The doping of lanthanum with NiO was systematically studied. The optical properties of the prepared nanomaterials were investigated through UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-DRS) analysis, and their structures were studied using X-ray diffraction analysis. The morphological features of the prepared nanomaterials were examined by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, their elemental structure was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectral analysis, and their oxidation states were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the antibacterial action of NiO and La-doped NiO nanoparticles was studied by the zone of inhibition method for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus sublitis. It was evident from the obtained results that the optimized compound NiOLa-04 performed better than the other prepared compounds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the phytosynthetic fabrication of rare-earth ion Lanthanum (La3+)-doped Nickel Oxide (NiO) nanoparticles and their anti-microbial studies.

scholarly journals Study on the Electrical, Structural, Chemical and Optical Properties of PVD Ta(N) Films Deposited with Different N2 Flow Rates

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Yingying Hu ◽  
Md Rasadujjaman ◽  
Yanrong Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Jiang Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dc Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
N2 Flow Rate

By reactive DC magnetron sputtering from a pure Ta target onto silicon substrates, Ta(N) films were prepared with different N2 flow rates of 0, 12, 17, 25, 38, and 58 sccm. The effects of N2 flow rate on the electrical properties, crystal structure, elemental composition, and optical properties of Ta(N) were studied. These properties were characterized by the four-probe method, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). Results show that the deposition rate decreases with an increase of N2 flows. Furthermore, as resistivity increases, the crystal size decreases, the crystal structure transitions from β-Ta to TaN(111), and finally becomes the N-rich phase Ta3N5(130, 040). Studying the optical properties, it is found that there are differences in the refractive index (n) and extinction coefficient (k) of Ta(N) with different thicknesses and different N2 flow rates, depending on the crystal size and crystal phase structure.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Pseudocontinua in the Spectra of Highly Ionized Atoms from Tm To W in Laser Produced Plasmas

1984 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 215-218
Author(s):  
P. Mandelbaum ◽  
M. Klapisch ◽  
A. Krasnitz ◽  
A. Zigler
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Range ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Complex Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Line Identification ◽  
Laser Produced Plasma ◽  
Resonant Transitions ◽  
Wavelength Side

X-ray spectra of highly ionized atoms (Tm to Pt) emitted from Laser produced plasma are characterized by the simple structure given by resonant transitions of the Nil-like ions, accompanied by the more complex pattern of satellite transitions emitted by ions in the neighbouring states of ionization. An analysis of these structures has been given recently for the satellites of the 3d10 − 3d94p[l] and of the 3p63dl0 − 3p53d104s, 4d[2] transitions of the Nil-like inns. However, most of the radiation emitted in this spectral range [4–10Å] concentrate in a wide, rather structureless satellite feature in the long wavelength side of the 3d10 −3d94f Ni-I like transition, on which some lines are superimposed. Line identification has been achieved successfully with the methods of [1], [2] and will be published separately. In this communication, we deal only with the pseudocontinuum.

Effect of morphology on supercapacitive and optical properties of chemically grown Graphene-Nickel Oxide nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (26) ◽  
pp. 2050229
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Zahraei ◽  
Ferydon Babaei ◽  
Ali Ehsani
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Capacitive Behavior ◽  
Liquid Phase Exfoliation ◽  
Grown Graphene ◽  
Hydrothermal Methods ◽  
Absorbance Spectra

Graphene-Nickel Oxide (G-NiO) nanocomposites with different morphologies, such as nanowires (NWs), nanorods (NRs) and nanoparticles (NPs), are synthesized by a combination of liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) and hydrothermal methods. The synthesis of Graphene, morphology of Nickel Oxide (NiO) thin films and concentration of elements are analyzed using Raman Spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Furthermore, the capacitive behavior of nanocomposites is investigated using the Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). The optical properties of samples are extracted from measured absorbance spectra. Our results show that G-NiO NWs with the longest length have the largest specific capacitance (SC). In addition, optical data revealed that the adding Graphene to NiO thin films decreased the optical bandgap as well as the optical conductivity of nanocomposites increased with photon energy due to excitation electrons.

scholarly journals Optical Properties of In Situ Eye Lenses Measured with X-Ray Talbot Interferometry: A Novel Measure of Growth Processes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. e25140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Hoshino ◽  
Kentaro Uesugi ◽  
Naoto Yagi ◽  
Satoshi Mohri ◽  
Justyn Regini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Talbot Interferometry
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