Oil spreading in the deep sea and search for methods of discovering oil pollution under the sea surface

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim K. Goncharov ◽  
Vladimir G. Lyskov
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Sea Surface

scholarly journals Development of the Artificial Intelligence and Optical Sensing Methods for Oil Pollution Monitoring of the Sea by Drones

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3642
Author(s):  
Oleg Bukin ◽  
Dmitry Proschenko ◽  
Denis Korovetskiy ◽  
Alexey Chekhlenok ◽  
Viktoria Yurchik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Optical Sensing ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Marine Fuel

The oil pollution of seas is increasing, especially in local areas, such as ports, roadsteads of the vessels, and bunkering zones. Today, methods of monitoring seawater are costly and applicable only in the case of big ecology disasters. The development of an operative and reasonable project for monitoring the sea surface for oil slick detection is described in this article using drones equipped with optical sensing and artificial intelligence. The monitoring system is implemented in the form of separate hard and soft frameworks (HSFWs) that combine monitoring methods, hardware, and software. Three frameworks are combined to fulfill the entire monitoring mission. HSFW1 performs the function of autonomous monitoring of thin oil slicks on the sea surface, using computer vision with AI elements for detection, segmentation, and classification of thin slicks. HSFW2 is based on the use of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) to identify types of oil products that form a slick or that are in a dissolved state, as well as measure their concentration in solution. HSFW3 is designed for autonomous navigation and drone movement control. This article describes AI elements and hardware complexes of the three separate frameworks designed to solve the problems with monitoring slicks of oil products on the sea surface and oil products dissolved in seawater. The results of testing the HSFWs for the detection of pollution caused by marine fuel slicks are described.

Pacific Ocean deep sea surface height fluctuation

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Holden ◽  
P. Marchese ◽  
G. Tremberger, Jr. ◽  
D. Cotten ◽  
T. D. Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Surface Height ◽  
Sea Surface

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Transport Characteristics of Particle-Fluid Mixture in Y-Shaped Elbow

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Qiong Hu ◽  
Li Zou ◽  
Tong Lv ◽  
Yingjie Guan ◽  
Tiezhi Sun
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Mining System ◽  
Fluid Mixture ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Actual Particle

The Y-shaped elbow is used as a connecting pipe between the buffer and the lift pipe in the deep-sea mining system. After being mixed with seawater in the Y-shaped elbow, nodule particles are lifted to the sea surface mining ship via the lift pump. In this paper, we employ a computational fluid dynamics and discrete element coupled method (CFD-DEM) to study the characteristics of particle transport in the Y-shaped elbow. Considering a large diameter of the particles, we discuss the behavior of particles and fluid under different conveying velocities. In addition, the simulation was verified based on the experiment. The results show that the simulation agrees well with the experiment. On this basis, the distribution and motion characteristics of the particles in the Y-shaped elbow were obtained. The interaction between fluid and particles is also discussed. These findings suggest that the particles can be successfully transported when the pump runs at medium to high frequencies. The particles are basically moving along the pipe wall and slower than the fluid flow. Moreover, it was found that the particle motions are more complex with the increasing of conveying velocities, and it is closely related to the secondary flow of fluid. Some suggestions on the actual particle transportation can be put forward based on the research in this paper.

scholarly journals Graphic correlation of deep sea and shallow marine deposits from the Central American Isthmus region: implications for Late Neogene paleoclimatology

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 88-88
Author(s):  
Harry J. Dowsett
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Central American ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Late Neogene ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Central American Isthmus

The stratigraphic record in Panama and Costa Rica preserves the biologic and climatic changes associated with the formation of a major barrier to marine migration and ocean circulation. Creating a high resolution temporal framework within which stratigraphic sections found on the Isthmus can be interpreted is fundamental to our understanding the history and importance of these units.The Isthmus contains rich marine macro- and microfaunas and floras on both the Pacific and Atlantic margins. Planktic foraminifers and calcareous nannofossils are common and often well preserved. Preliminary analysis of these fossils reveals a rich sedimentary record spanning the Late Miocene to Pleistocene. Multivariate statistical analyses of these assemblages provide environmental estimates. Unfortunately, traditional methods of biostratigraphy are limited in their ability to create a high resolution temporal framework for the region. For example, a majority of deposits analyzed can be placed in planktic foraminiferal zone N19 (early Pliocene). In order to answer paleobiologic and paleoclimatic questions one requires more precise correlations between sections and some indication of duration of sedimentation represented by various sections.In an attempt to overcome the shortcomings of traditional biostratigraphic methods, the Graphic Correlation method has been applied to selected sequences on the Central American Isthmus. Graphic correlation (GC) is a procedure by which two sequences can be compared and correlated using a wide variety of stratigraphic information simultaneously. A GC model of late Neogene planktic foraminifer, calcareous nannofossil, and paleomagnetic reversal events has been produced through compositing of more than 26 deep sea cores and ocean margin sequences. Following routine GC procedures the positions of all fossil first and last occurrences from a number of sections on the Caribbean and Pacific sides of the Central American Isthmus (Panama and Costa Rica) have been recorded. These sections have been correlated to the GC model and hence, to each other, providing a temporal framework for the Isthmus units.Selected sections were then correlated to other sequences such as near-by deep sea cores which have been analyzed for sea surface temperature and salinity to gain a better understanding of the overall paleoceanographic development of the region between 5 and 2 Ma. For example, correlation of units on the Caribbean side of the Isthmus with DSDP Site 502 indicates little to no change in sea surface temperatures during the entire time the Isthmus was reaching closure. Mid-to-high latitude sites exhibit amplification of warming with increasing latitude. The shoaling Isthmus, while having negligible effects on tropical marine temperatures, was responsible for increased meridional heat transport which resulted in a North Atlantic warming about 3 Ma. A general model for paleoceanographic changes during the time of closure will be discussed.

Deep-sea surface-dwelling enteropneusts from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Their ecology, distribution and mode of life

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 374-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel O.B. Jones ◽  
Claudia H.S. Alt ◽  
Imants G. Priede ◽  
William D.K. Reid ◽  
Benjamin D. Wigham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Surface Dwelling

AMS-14C Ages Measured in Deep Sea Cores from the Southern Ocean: Implications for Sedimentation Rates during Isotope Stage 2

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edouard Bard ◽  
Laurent Labeyrie ◽  
Maurice Arnold ◽  
Monique Labracherie ◽  
Jean-Jacques Pichon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sedimentation Rates ◽  
Deep Sea Sediment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract14C dates obtained by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) on monospecific foraminiferal samples from two deep-sea sediment cores raised in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean have been corrected for the difference in 14C composition between atmosphere and sea surface by using a reconstruction of the latitudinal 14C gradient which existed in the Southern Ocean prior to 1962. The corrected AMS-14C data show a reduced sedimentation rate in core MD 84-527 between 25,000 and 10,000 yr BP. For core MD 84-551 the available data suggest that the sedimentation rate was higher during the Holocene than during the glacial period. These changes in sedimentation rates may be attributed to an increased opal dissolution during the last glacial maximum.

Modern Tasman Sea surface reservoir ages from deep-sea black corals

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimée F. Komugabe ◽  
Stewart J. Fallon ◽  
Ronald E. Thresher ◽  
Stephen M. Eggins
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Black Corals ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
Surface Reservoir
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