Modified polyimide side-chain polymers with high glass transition temperatures for nonlinear optical applications

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zysset ◽  
M. Ahlheim ◽  
M. Staehelin ◽  
F. Lehr ◽  
Philippe Pretre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Applications

New main chain nonlinear optical polymers with high glass transition temperatures

1992 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Mitchell ◽  
James E. Mulvaney ◽  
H. K. Hall ◽  
Craig S. Willand ◽  
Hillary Hampsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Main Chain ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
Optical Polymers ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Polymers

A comparative study of side chain liquid crystalline polymers and their monomers designed for nonlinear optical applications

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 604-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.B. Findlay ◽  
T.J. Lemmon ◽  
A.H. Windle
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Applications

Characterizations of side chain liquid crystalline polymers and their monomers point toward chemical structures and processing techniques which optimize their suitability for nonlinear optical applications. Polymers with methacrylate backbones and nitrostilbene or nitrobiphenyl side groups are studied; they tend to form smectic phases, but no solid crystallinity. By copolymerizing with nonmesogenic backbone units, the smectic-isotropic transition temperature can be controlled and may fall below the glass transition temperature. There is evidence for a significant degree of pretransitional alignment due to the surface fields, and mesogen ordering perpendicular to flow-induced backbone alignment. Very rapid cooling can suppress the highly scattering polydomain smectic phase.

Properties and Structure of Elastomers

1966 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joginder Lal ◽  
Kenneth W. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Alkyl Group ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Alkyl Ethers

Abstract The glass transition temperatures of high molecular weight poly (vinyl n-alkyl ethers) decrease with increasing length of the n-alkyl group. On lengthening the n-alkyl group, 14 per cent of the specific volume increase is free volume. Branching or substitution in the alkyl group of the polymer increases the Tg value. A comparison of poly (vinyl n-alkyl ethers) and polymers of normal α-olefins shows that an ether group and a methylene group in the side chain are equivalent in influencing the glass transition temperature. We have varied systematically the side chain alkyl group in poly (vinyl alkyl ethers) and evaluated at 3 different temperatures the influence of these variations on the dynamic properties of the vulcanizates of these polymers. The relative position of the curves, relating dynamic resilience to dynamic modulus of these polymers, is generally in the order of their glass transition temperatures. The dynamic mechanical property data on poly (vinyl n-pentyl ether) and poly (vinyl 2-ethylhexyl ether), which have the same glass transition temperature, fall on a common curve characteristic of the temperature of measurement. Apparently, the Tg is a major factor in correlating the dynamic mechanical behavior of these elastomers. The size and shape of the alkyl group appear to be reflected primarily in their effect on the Tg. Polysulfidic crosslinks are not essential for the attainment of high tensile strength in natural rubber vulcanizates cured with a sulfur-diphenylguanidine system. Data for the samples which had lost significant amounts of polysulfidic crosslinks by reaction with triphenylphosphine fitted a curve of tensile strength as a function of 300 per cent modulus for the control samples.

High glass transition chromophore functionalised poly(maleimide-styrene)s for second-order nonlinear optical applications

Polymer ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (16) ◽  
pp. 6049-6054 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Samyn ◽  
T Verbiest ◽  
E Kesters ◽  
K Van den Broeck ◽  
M Van Beylen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Applications

Copolymerization of 2,3:4,5-Di-O-isopropylidene-1-vinylbenzyl-β-D-fructopyranose with styrene: Preparation of polymers containing carbohydrate side chain residues and effect of composition on glass transition temperatures

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2559 ◽  
Author(s):  
WK Busfield ◽  
FP Franke ◽  
RD Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Specific Rotation ◽  
Solution Viscosity ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
Radical Initiation ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
A Value ◽  
Free Radical Initiation ◽  
Styrene Content

A range of copolymers of styrene and 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-1- vinylbenzyl-β-D-fructopyranose (A) were prepared by free-radical initiation and characterized by i.r., N.M.R., microanalysis and solution viscosity. Reactivity ratios were derived. The specific rotation of the copolymers was linearly related to the molar composition. The glass transition temperatures of the copolymers decreased almost linearly with decreasing styrene content to a value of 73°C for the homopolymer of monomer (A). A method of releasing the isopropylidene blocking groups was developed; the glass transition temperatures of the resultant fructopyranose copolymers increased with decreasing styrene content to a value of 132°C for a copolymer containing 45 mole % styrene.

TOWARDS THERMALLY STABLE, HIGHLY ELECTRO-OPTICALLY ACTIVE ORGANIC POLYMERS: DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF CROSSLINKABLE POLYIMIDES CONTAINING ZWITTERIONIC NONLINEAR OPTICAL CHROMOPHORES

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAIHENG SONG ◽  
LIQIU MEN ◽  
JIAN PING GAO ◽  
GUOMIN YU ◽  
ANDREW M. R. BEAUDIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Chain Mobility ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Chromophores

A series of nonlinear optical (NLO) polymers were synthesized by grafting a zwitterionic chromophore onto host acid-containing polyimides with different glass transition temperatures and chain mobility. All the NLO polymers showed good solubility, thermal stability and good film-forming ability. The poling and electro-optic (EO) studies revealed a strong dependence of EO coefficients on the polymer chain mobility or the glass transition temperatures. A new thermally crosslinkable group was introduced into the NLO polymers, in order to achieve high temporal stability of the poled NLO polymers.

High glass transition chromophore functionalised polyimides for second-order nonlinear optical applications

Polymer ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 3315-3322 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Van den Broeck ◽  
T. Verbiest ◽  
J. Degryse ◽  
M. Van Beylen ◽  
A. Persoons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Applications
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