Cryogenic cooled silicon-based x-ray optical elements: heat load limit

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Load ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Load Limit ◽  
Silicon Based

Preliminary experience of optical elements fabrication by X-ray lithography

1995 ◽  
Vol 359 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 412-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G Churin ◽  
V.P Koronkevich ◽  
G.N Kulipanov ◽  
O.A Makarov ◽  
L.A Mezentseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Elements ◽  
X Ray

Diamond channel-cut crystals for high-heat-load beam-multiplexing narrow-band X-ray monochromators

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Shvyd'ko ◽  
Sergey Terentyev ◽  
Vladimir Blank ◽  
Tomasz Kolodziej
Keyword(s):  
Heat Load ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Bragg Reflection ◽  
High Heat ◽  
High Repetition Rate ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Load Beam ◽  
High Heat Load

Next-generation high-brilliance X-ray photon sources call for new X-ray optics. Here we demonstrate the possibility of using monolithic diamond channel-cut crystals as high-heat-load beam-multiplexing narrow-band mechanically stable X-ray monochromators with high-power X-ray beams at cutting-edge high-repetition-rate X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) facilities. The diamond channel-cut crystals fabricated and characterized in these studies are designed as two-bounce Bragg reflection monochromators directing 14.4 or 12.4 keV X-rays within a 15 meV bandwidth to 57Fe or 45Sc nuclear resonant scattering experiments, respectively. The crystal design allows out-of-band X-rays transmitted with minimal losses to alternative simultaneous experiments. Only ≲2% of the incident ∼100 W X-ray beam is absorbed in the 50 µm-thick first diamond crystal reflector, ensuring that the monochromator crystal is highly stable. Other X-ray optics applications of diamond channel-cut crystals are anticipated.

Laser-induced damage studies in optical elements using X-ray laser interferometric microscopy

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Margarone ◽  
M. Kozlova ◽  
J. Nejdl ◽  
B. Rus ◽  
T. Mocek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Elements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laser Induced Damage ◽  
Laser Interferometric

X-ray investigation of strained epitaxial layer systems by reflections in skew geometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Zaumseil
Keyword(s):  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Angular Divergence ◽  
Reciprocal Space Mapping ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice Point ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Diffraction Curve ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Layer Parameter ◽  
Layer Structures

Four different SiGe/Si layer structures, pseudomorphically grown and (partially) relaxed, are used as examples to demonstrate that reflections in symmetric skew geometry can successfully be used to realize a complex analysis of these systems. Taking the intensity exactly along the truncation rod of a reciprocal lattice point, it is possible to simulate this diffraction curve and determine the layer parameter in the projection according to the netplane tilt relative to the surface. The main precondition for this technique and for performing reciprocal space mapping with sufficiently high resolution is a low angular divergence of the incident and detected beams perpendicular to the diffraction plane, which can also be achieved by suitable optical elements on laboratory-based diffractometers.

scholarly journals Neutron and x-ray Reflectometry Investigations of Amorphous Silicon-based Surface Passivation Layers

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 813-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik S. Marstein ◽  
Ida M. Hasle ◽  
Atle J. Qviller ◽  
Halvard Haug
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Passivation Layers ◽  
Silicon Based

Conserving the Coherence and Uniformity of Third-Generation Synchrotron Radiation Beams: the Case of ID19, a `Long' Beamline at the ESRF

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
José I. Espeso ◽  
Peter Cloetens ◽  
José Baruchel ◽  
Jürgen Härtwig ◽  
Trevor Mairs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Angular Size ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Front End ◽  
Ray Path ◽  
Radiation Beams

The lateral coherence length is of the order of 100 µm at the `long' (145 m) ID19 beamline of the ESRF, which is mainly devoted to imaging. Most of the optical elements located along the X-ray path can thus act as `phase objects', and lead to spurious contrast and/or to coherence degradation, which shows up as an enhanced effective angular size of the source. Both the spurious contrast and the coherence degradation are detrimental for the images (diffraction topographs, tomographs, phase-contrast images) produced at this beamline. The problems identified and the way they were solved during the commissioning of ID19 are reported. More particularly, the role of the protection foils located in the front end, the beryllium windows, the filters and the monochromator defects (scratches, dust, small vibrations) is discussed.

The effect of siloxane spin-on-glass and reaction bonded silicon oxycarbide coatings with a self-propagating interfacial reaction treatment (ASPIRE) in the synthesis of carbon/graphite fiber-reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 3192-3201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willy M. Balaba ◽  
Douglas A. Weirauch ◽  
Anthony J. Perrotta ◽  
George H. Armstrong ◽  
Princewill N. Anyalebechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Molten Aluminum ◽  
Silicon Oxycarbide ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aluminum Metal ◽  
Silicon Based ◽  
Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites

Carbon fibers were treated with siloxane spin-on-glass and reaction bonded silicon oxycarbide coatings. The spin-on-glass (SOG) coatings were prepared by pyrolyzing solutions of polymethylsilsesquioxane (PMSO), polydimethoxysilane (PDSO), and poly(ethoxysilane)ethyltitanate copolymer (ESET). Since the flexibility of the coatings was found to be dependent on the concentration of the siloxane solution, only those of PMSO and PDSO below 1.25% were determined to be suitable for fiber coatings, and an alternative approach to the formation of a pliable silicon-based ceramic coating on the fibers was developed. Carbon fiber tows were impregnated by ethanolic solutions of organosilicon chlorides and fired at temperatures up to 900 °C to form a flexible reaction bonded silicon oxycarbide (RB–SiOC) coatings. Uncoated, SOG coated, and RB–SiOC coated carbon fibers were embedded in aluminum metal at 1000 °C. While both silica-based coatings protected the carbon surface, no wetting was observed, leading to fiber pull-out. When the coated fibers were treated with a mixture of Ti and B prior to immersion into the molten aluminum, complete wetting of the fibers occurred. In the presence of molten aluminum, the Ti/B coating enabled the exothermic formation of TiB2 and titanium aluminides, which facilitate wetting. This reaction is termed ASPIRE (Aluminum Self-Propagating Interfacial Reaction) and in combination with silicon-based ceramic coatings provides a scientific approach to the formation of stable carbon fiber/aluminum metal-matrix composites. The coated fibers and composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

A beam intensity monitor for the evaluation beamline for soft x-ray optical elements

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Imazono ◽  
Naoji Moriya ◽  
Yoshihisa Harada ◽  
Kazuo Sano ◽  
Masato Koike
Keyword(s):  
Beam Intensity ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
X Ray
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