Lidar mapping of chlorophyll- a and organic matter distributions in the Russian coastal zone of the Black Sea

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Chekalyuk ◽  
Dmitrii K. Bunin ◽  
A. V. Chechendaev ◽  
M. Y. Gorbunov ◽  
D. V. Klimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea

SPECIALIZED OCEANOGRAPHIC DATABASE FOR INFORMATION SUPPORT OF THE BLACK SEA COASTAL ZONE STUDY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Khaliulin ◽  
Alexey Khaliulin ◽  
Andrey Ingerov ◽  
Andrey Ingerov ◽  
Elena Zhuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Marine Hydrophysical Institute ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Oceanographic Data

The information resources of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS” (FSBSI MHI) oceanographic data bank (MHI BOD), which contains about 115,000 oceanographic and more than 27,000 hydrochemical stations accomplished in the Black Sea coastal zone, as well as experience accumulated while providing information support of the coastal zone research, main directions of activities, and short-term plans are considered.

Anthropogenic Impact on the Lithodynamics of the Coastal Zone of the Southern and Western Black Sea Coast (Review)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Efremova ◽  
Yu. N. Goryachkin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
River Flow ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Natural Dynamics ◽  
The Impact

Anthropogenic impact on lithodynamics of the coastal zone changes the natural dynamics of bottom sediments, which leads to increased abrasion and swelling of beaches, activation of landslide processes creating a threat of destruction of the coastal infrastructure. The article aims at providing an overview of the scientific literature on the anthropogenic impact on lithodynamics of the coastal zone of the southern and western coasts of the Black Sea (shores of Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey). The work shows that with all the differences in the natural conditions of the coastal zones of these countries the types of anthropogenic effects they undergo are almost the same. These include: hydrotechnical construction without regard to the impact on the neighbouring coast sections; reduction of solid river flow due to river regulation by reservoirs; construction of capital facilities directly on the beaches; illegal extraction of sand from beaches and river beds; dredging with sale of the extracted material to construction companies; covering of cliffs by various structures; destruction of coastal dunes, etc. The main negative consequences of these actions are reflected in disruption of natural dynamics and shortages of bottom sediments, changes in the coastline, reduced aesthetic attractiveness and accessibility of shores, destruction of coastal ecosystems. The article also provides information on the legislation of these countries regarding environmental management in the coastal zone

scholarly journals Drivers, mechanisms and long-term variability of seasonal hypoxia on the Black Sea northwestern shelf – is there any recovery after eutrophication?

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3943-3962 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Capet ◽  
J.-M. Beckers ◽  
M. Grégoire
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Northwestern Shelf ◽  
Bottom Waters ◽  
Seasonal Hypoxia ◽  
Bottom Hypoxia

Abstract. The Black Sea northwestern shelf (NWS) is a shallow eutrophic area in which the seasonal stratification of the water column isolates the bottom waters from the atmosphere. This prevents ventilation from counterbalancing the large consumption of oxygen due to respiration in the bottom waters and in the sediments, and sets the stage for the development of seasonal hypoxia. A three-dimensional (3-D) coupled physical–biogeochemical model is used to investigate the dynamics of bottom hypoxia in the Black Sea NWS, first at seasonal and then at interannual scales (1981–2009), and to differentiate its driving factors (climatic versus eutrophication). Model skills are evaluated by a quantitative comparison of the model results to 14 123 in situ oxygen measurements available in the NOAA World Ocean and the Black Sea Commission databases, using different error metrics. This validation exercise shows that the model is able to represent the seasonal and interannual variability of the oxygen concentration and of the occurrence of hypoxia, as well as the spatial distribution of oxygen-depleted waters. During the period 1981–2009, each year exhibits seasonal bottom hypoxia at the end of summer. This phenomenon essentially covers the northern part of the NWS – which receives large inputs of nutrients from the Danube, Dniester and Dnieper rivers – and extends, during the years of severe hypoxia, towards the Romanian bay of Constanta. An index H which merges the aspects of the spatial and temporal extension of the hypoxic event is proposed to quantify, for each year, the intensity of hypoxia as an environmental stressor. In order to explain the interannual variability of H and to disentangle its drivers, we analyze the long time series of model results by means of a stepwise multiple linear regression. This statistical model gives a general relationship that links the intensity of hypoxia to eutrophication and climate-related variables. A total of 82% of the interannual variability of H is explained by the combination of four predictors: the annual riverine nitrate load (N), the sea surface temperature in the month preceding stratification (Ts), the amount of semi-labile organic matter accumulated in the sediments (C) and the sea surface temperature during late summer (Tf). Partial regression indicates that the climatic impact on hypoxia is almost as important as that of eutrophication. Accumulation of organic matter in the sediments introduces an important inertia in the recovery process after eutrophication, with a typical timescale of 9.3 yr. Seasonal fluctuations and the heterogeneous spatial distribution complicate the monitoring of bottom hypoxia, leading to contradictory conclusions when the interpretation is done from different sets of data. In particular, it appears that the recovery reported in the literature after 1995 was overestimated due to the use of observations concentrated in areas and months not typically affected by hypoxia. This stresses the urgent need for a dedicated monitoring effort in the Black Sea NWS focused on the areas and months concerned by recurrent hypoxic events.

Nutrient distribution in the Bosphorus and surrounding areas

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Okuş ◽  
A. Aslan-Yilmaz ◽  
A. Yüksek ◽  
S. Taş ◽  
V. Tüfekçi
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Marmara ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Northwestern Shelf

As part of a five years monitoring project “Water Quality Monitoring of the Strait of Istanbul”, February-December 1999 nutrient dynamics of the Black Sea-the Sea of Marmara transect are studied to evaluate the effect of discharges given by deep disposals. Through a one-year study, upper layer nutrient concentrations were generally under the effect of northwestern-shelf Black Sea originated waters. This effect was strictly observed in July, when the upper layer flow was the thickest. On the other hand, partly in November but especially in December the northwestern-shelf Black Sea originated water flow was a minimum resulting in similar concentrations in both layers. Nutrient fluctuations also affected the chlorophyll a and POC concentrations as parameters of productivity. The nutrient concentrations decreased with the effect of spring bloom and highest chlorophyll a values were detected in November at Strait stations that did not match to the Sea of Marmara values. This fact represents the time-scale difference between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara. On the contrary, high nutrient concentrations in the lower layer (especially inorganic phosphate), and therefore low N:P ratios reflect the effect of deep discharge. Vertical mixing caused by meteorological conditions of the shallow station (M3) under the effect of surface discharges resulted in homogenous distribution of nutrients. Nutrient concentrations of the stations affected by deep discharge showed that the two-layer stratification of the system did not permit the discharge mix to the upper layer.

scholarly journals Colonization’s features of the Black Sea basin by recent invader Anadara kagoshimensis (Bivalvia: Arcidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Revkov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Anadara Kagoshimensis ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
Mass Development

Lessepsian invader Anadara kagoshimensis is one of the important elements in the adaptive transformation of the Black sea shelf ecosystem in the second half of the XX century. The aim of the work is to analyse the Black Sea spatial and temporal colonization by this species according to the benthic database of Benthos Ecology Department of IMBR RAS (for the Crimean coasts) and literary sources for the whole Black Sea basin. The phases of this process are considered. A 10-year latency period followed after the first detection anadara in 1968 at Caucasian shelf. The main wave of anadara colonization in the Black Sea covered the Western and Eastern parts of the sea and fall within the period from second half of 1970s to 1980s. During that time period the extended development of A. kagoshimensis lead to forming own reproductive potential for next steps of expansion of this species to Anatolian and Crimean coasts in 1990s. About 20–25 years delay in detection of introduced species at the Northern and Southern parts of the Black Sea shelf, in presence at the Western and Eastern parts, could be an evidence of existing hydrological barrier between far distant nearshore areas of the Black Sea shelf. The reasons of the fluctuations in development of this species settlements are discussed. The phenomenon of introduction and mass development of A. kagoshimensis in the Black Sea during its the “most demand” period as a consumer of excess amount of organic matter, in conditions of eutrophication’s peak in the Black Sea basin at the end of 1980s – the beginning of 1990s is marked. Estuarine areas of the Black Sea shelf enriched by organic matter are the most favourable conditions for the mass development of this species. This quantitative rising is due to wide ecological plasticity and stress tolerance of A. kagoshimensis, which are determined by its physiological and biochemical adaptations to a hypoxic conditions often appearing during eutrophication. Based on parameters of abundance and biomass the actual implementation of A. kagoshimensis biotic potential in the Black Sea is revealed at least within Eastern and Western areas of the shelf, where peaks of its quantitative development is already passed in previous years. This conclusion for the Crimean sector is not obvious because of more recent invasion by anadara of this region. A decrease and stabilization of A. kagoshimensis development, with the exception of local zones near organic ”pollution” sources should be expected under maintaining the tendency of the basin deeutrophication.

scholarly journals TO THE 75th ANNIVERSARY OF PROFESSOR R.D. KOS’YAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
A. G. Zatsepin ◽  
S. B. Kuklev ◽  
T. A. Podymova
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sediment Discharge ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
Public Figure ◽  
Prominent Scientist ◽  
The World ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

On May 20, 2021, the head of the Laboratory of Lithodynamics and Geology of the Southern Department of the Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Doctor of Geographical Sciences, prominent scientist and public figure Kosyan Ruben Derenikovich is 75 years old. R.D. Kosyan is a leading Russian expert in the field of studying the regularities of hydrogenic movements of detrital material in the coastal zone of the sea. He is a participant of many expeditions and thematic conferences, an expert on some major international projects, and lectures in various countries of the world. Under his leadership, a group of models was developed to calculate the long-shore sediment discharge, as well as the associated deformation of the relief in the coastal zone of the sea. R.D. Kosyan was awarded the Order of Courage, as well as the International Medal of the Black Sea Commission for merits in the study of the Black Sea. Congratulations to the wonderful scientist-oceanologist on the solemn date.

scholarly journals Consorts of gastropod Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) in the Northern Black Sea. Part I: Porifera, Cnidaria, Bryozoa, Chordata

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. P. Bondarev ◽  
N. K. Revkov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Shell Surface ◽  
Rapana Venosa ◽  
The Core ◽  
Rapa Whelk

Gastropod mollusk-invader Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) in the 1940s took a free ecological niche terminal predator in benthic communities of the Black Sea shelf and has become an important element of the ecosystem. The ability of rapa whelk to have a devastating impact on the biocenosis filter feeders determines the necessity of constant monitoring of this species populations’ state. The study of rapa whelk showed that the ecological role of this species is not limited to predation. Fairly large shell R. venosa is a solid substrate for alga, attached and restrictedly movable (sedentary) benthic animal organisms, among which mobile free-living forms sometimes find shelter. The aim of the work is to describe specific complex of epibiotic organisms formed on rapa-whelk shells, which is regarded as a consortium, where of R. venosa is the core. To study the consort community of R. venosa a sampling was made in 7 regions of the northern part of the Black Sea: 1 – Mamaia beach, Romania, 2 – the north-western part of the Black Sea (NWBS), Crimean sector, 3 – Sevastopol, 4 – Alupka, 5 – Yalta – Alushta, 6 – Karadag, 7 – the Kerch Strait. The sampling in the coastal zone (less then 15 m depth) was carried out by SCUBA and snorkel diving, deeper (up to 40 m) was used “Ocean-50”grab corer was used. Totally of 856 specimens of R. venosa were collected and analyzed. The main bulk of the material in the amount of 750 specimens of R. venosa was sampled in the coastal zone in Sevastopol vicinity (south-western Crimea) at the depth range of 1.5–10.0 m. The collection of the rapa whelk specimens was carried out totally and each specimen was placed in a separate plastic bag indicating the collection area, depth and biotope. Along with the mollusks sampling, visual observations and photographic fixation of hydrobionts in situ were carried out. Based on the research results the taxonomic list of rapa whelk epibiotic organisms was extended and for the first time the taxonomic composition of the mobile forms permanently or temporarily present in the R. venosa consortium was given. The first part of the investigation provides a list of rapa whelk epibionts taxa relating to four (Porifera, Cnidaria, Bryozoa, Chordata) of the seven detected Phyla with indication of sampling depths and bottom type and comments on the frequency of occurrence, the quantity and of their interaction with the consortium core. Phylum Porifera is represented by 1, Bryozoa – 3 Cnidaria – 2 and Chordata – 4 species. The drilling sponge Pione vastifica was found in all the investigated areas, except region 2 (NWBS), with a frequency of 20 to 90 % and the shell surface area damage was up to 100 % (average 30–35 %). Not numerous representatives of Cnidaria were found singly in the region 3 (Actinia equina) and in the region 5 (Diadumene lineata). Bryozoans are the most common group of animal-consorts of rapa whelk present in all the areas of our research. The frequency of their occurrence ranged from 10 to 100 %, the covering area of the shell surface was from 0 to 85 %. More than 90 % of the total surface area of rapana shell cover with bryozoans and their occurrence is in Cryptosula pallasiana. The second bryozoans’ species on development indices is Conopeum seurati, which was found in areas 3, 6 and 7, where the occurrence was up to 30 % and the coverage was up to 25 %. The other 3 species of bryozoans (Schizomavella auriculata, Bowerbankia imbricata, Hippothoa sp.) were found rarely. Representatives of Chordata – 2 species of ascidians (Botryllus schlosseri, Ciona intestinalis) and 3 species of fish (Diplecogaster bimaculata, Parablennius tentacularis, Scorpaena porcus) were recorded singly in regions 2, 3, 5. For the four Phyla of animal organisms considered the consorts list of R. venosa of the sandy bottom biotopes (10 species) is twice more numerous than that of the rocky eco-form (5 species). The organisms studied are of a different degree and nature of relations with the core consortium from commensalism to parasitism. Generalized information on periphyton and total coverage of rapa whelk shells with epibiotic complex is given. The results of the work show that in the Black Sea R. venosa has become an important element of the ecosystem, increasing biological diversity of the bottom fauna due to the formation of its own consortium complexes of epibiontic organisms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document