Application of ZnO films to glass substrates by the dipping-pyrolysis method using organic acid salt

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kondow ◽  
Kanae Ninomiya
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acid ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Acid Salt ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Pyrolysis Method

scholarly journals Engineering of TiO2 or ZnO—Graphene Oxide Nanoheterojunctions for Hybrid Solar Cells Devices

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Duarte Carreira ◽  
Paulo A. Ribeiro ◽  
Maria Raposo ◽  
Susana Sério
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Rc Circuit

It is currently of huge importance to find alternatives to fossil fuels to produce clean energy and to ensure the energy demands of modern society. In the present work, two types of hybrid solar cell devices were developed and characterized. The photoactive layers of the hybrid heterojunctions comprise poly (allylamine chloride) (PAH) and graphene oxide (GO) and TiO2 or ZnO films, which were deposited using the layer-by-layer technique and DC-reactive magnetron sputtering, respectively, onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass substrates. Scanning electron microscopy evidenced a homogeneous inorganic layer, the surface morphology of which was dependent on the number of organic bilayers. The electrical characterization pointed out that FTO/(PAH/GO)50/TiO2/Al, FTO/(PAH/GO)30/ZnO/Al, and FTO/(PAH/GO)50/ZnO/Al architectures were the only ones to exhibit a diode behavior, and the last one experienced a decrease in current in a low-humidity environment. The (PAH/GO)20 impedance spectroscopy study further revealed the typical impedance of a parallel RC circuit for a dry environment, whereas in a humid environment, it approached the impedance of a series of three parallel RC circuits, indicating that water and oxygen contribute to other conduction processes. Finally, the achieved devices should be encapsulated to work successfully as solar cells.

XRD Investigations on Film Thickness and Substrate Temperature Effects of DC Magnetron Sputtered ZnO Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Jian Wei Hoon ◽  
Kah Yoong Chan ◽  
Cheng Yang Low
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Direct Current Plasma ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Magnetron Sputter Deposition ◽  
Magnetron Sputter ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

In this paper, direct current plasma magnetron sputter deposition technique was employed to deposit zinc oxide (ZnO) films on glass substrates. The magnetron sputtering process parameters including film thickness and substrate temperature were investigated. The crystallite sizes of the ZnO films were extracted from the measured X-ray diffraction patterns. The correlation of the crystallite size of the ZnO films with the film thickness and the substrate temperature will be discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Electrical behavior and Optical Properties of Copper oxide thin Films

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 638-645
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Semiconductor Films ◽  
Electrical Behavior ◽  
Electrical And Optical Properties ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Correlated Barrier Hopping ◽  
Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Substrate Temperatures

In this work the structural, electrical and optical Properties of CuO semiconductor films had been studied, which prepared at three thickness (100, 200 and 500 nm) by spray pyrolysis method at 573K substrate temperatures on glass substrates from 0.2M CuCl2•2H2O dissolved in alcohol. Structural Properties shows that the films have only a polycrystalline CuO phase with preferential orientation in the (111) direction, the dc conductivity shows that all films have two activation energies, Ea1 (0.45-0.66 eV) and Ea2 (0.055-.0185 eV), CuO films have CBH (Correlated Barrier Hopping) mechanism for ac-conductivity. The energy gap between (1.5-1.85 eV).

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ELECTRIC FIELD ON ADHESION AND STRUCTURE OF CONDUCTING FILMS ON DIELECTRIC SUBSTANCES

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai S. Pshchelko ◽  
Ekaterina G. Vodkailo ◽  
Vladimir V. Tomaev ◽  
Boris D. Klimenkov ◽  
Veniamin L. Koshevoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Electric Voltage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Plasma Sputtering ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Extended Surface

Some results are provided confirming that modifying of the zinc films fabricated on glass substrates by a resulting effect of heat treatment in an atmosphere of dry air and action of cross electric field is possible. Using scanning electron microscopy (measured with the Zeiss Merlin microscope) the surface morphology of the films was studied. Also, the elemental composition of the films by micro-X-ray spectral analysis was studied. On the glass substrates, by the method of vacuum thermal evaporation, zinc films (Zn) with thickness of ~ 500 nm were obtained. In order to form ZnO films, the original films were treated at 250 °C in a dry air atmosphere, and in another case - in addition to the sample a transverse electric field with a potential of 300 V was applied. Platinum films on the silicon dioxide layer were obtained using the method of the ion-plasma sputtering. These layers were investigated by X-ray phase analysis, electron and atomic force microscopy. The thickness of platinum layers was 50 and 100 nm. During the deposition (deposition temperature – 300 °C, deposition rate - 5 nm / min), applied voltage between the platinum film and the silicon plate was 5 V. The films, obtained by applying a biasing, showed a more homogeneous fine-grained structure and a higher rate of growth than the original samples.  In this way ZnO films can be manufactured with the extended surface. The possibility of significant changes caused by electric field use in adhesion, structure and conductive properties of the coatings is discussed. The method of depositing platinum on a dielectric substrate with an additional electrostatic field is also substantiated. It is shown that the application of an electric voltage to the film leads to a significant change in the structure of the resulting coating.Forcitation:Pshchelko N.S., Vodkailo E.G., Tomaev V.V., Klimenkov B.D., Koshevoi V.L., Belorus A.O. Influence of electric field on adhesion and structure of conducting films on dielectric substances. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 8. P. 100-104.

Structure and strong ultraviolet emission characteristics of amorphous ZnO films grown by electrophoretic deposition

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijian Wang ◽  
Haiming Zhang ◽  
Zhijun Wang ◽  
Ligong Zhang ◽  
Jinshan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Photoluminescence Intensity ◽  
Ultraviolet Emission ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Strong Ultraviolet Emission ◽  
Zno Powder

Structure and ultraviolet emission characteristics of amorphous ZnO films grown on indium tin oxide coated glass substrates by electrophoretic deposition were investigated using Raman spectra and photoluminescence. The Raman spectrum shows a unique resonant multiphonon process within amorphous ZnO films. The photoluminescence spectrum of amorphous ZnO films shows a strong ultraviolet emission while the visible emission is nearly fully quenched. The transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectrum, and infrared spectrum are used to detect the structure of amorphous ZnO powder. The complex water plays an important role in the photoluminescence intensity emission.

Textured Zinc Oxide by Expanding Thermal Plasma CVD: the Effect of Aluminum Doping

2002 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Groenen ◽  
E.R. Kieft ◽  
J.L. Linden ◽  
M.C.M. van de Sanden
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Free Carrier Absorption ◽  
Plasma Cvd ◽  
Reflection And Transmission ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Carrier Absorption

AbstractAluminum doped ZnO films are deposited on glass substrates at a temperature of 200°C by expanding thermal plasma CVD. Surface texture, morphology and crystal structure have been studied by AFM, SEM and XRD. A rough surface texture, which is essential for application as front electrode in thin film solar cells, is obtained during deposition. The addition of aluminum as a dopant results in distinct differences in film morphology, a transition from large, rounded crystallites to a more pyramid-like structure is observed. The structure of films is hexagonal with a preferred crystal orientation in the faces (002) and (004), indicating that films are oriented with their c-axes perpendicular to the substrate plane. In addition, spectroscopic ellipsometry is used to evaluate optical and electronic film properties. The presence of aluminum donors in doped films is confirmed by a shift in the ZnO band gap energy from 3.32 to 3.65 eV. In combination with reflection and transmission measurements in the visible and NIR ranges, film resistivities have been obtained from the free-carrier absorption. These results are consistent with direct measurements. Resistivities as low as 6.0 10-4 Ωcm have been obtained.

scholarly journals Effect of Potassium Lactate and a Potassium Lactate–Sodium Diacetate Blend on Listeria monocytogenes Growth in Modified Atmosphere Packaged Sliced Ham

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2297-2305 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. MELLEFONT ◽  
T. ROSS
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Acid Salt ◽  
Potassium Lactate ◽  
Sodium Diacetate ◽  
Potential Inhibitors ◽  
And Storage

Two commercially available organic acid salts, potassium lactate (PURASAL HiPure P) and a potassium lactate–sodium diacetate blend (PURASAL Opti.Form PD 4), were assessed as potential inhibitors of Listeria monocytogenes growth in modified atmosphere packaged (MAP) sliced ham in challenge studies. The influence of the initial inoculation level of L. monocytogenes (101 or 103 CFU g−1) and storage temperature (4 or 8°C) was also examined. The addition of either organic acid salt to MAP sliced ham strongly inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes during the normal shelf life of the product under ideal refrigeration conditions (4°C) and even under abusive temperature conditions (i.e., 8°C). During the challenge studies and in the absence of either organic acid salt, L. monocytogenes numbers increased by 1,000-fold after 20 days at 8°C and 10-fold after 42 days at 4°C. Both organic acid salt treatments were found to be listeriostatic rather than listericidal. The addition of either organic acid salt to the MAP ham also reduced the growth of indigenous microflora, i.e., aerobic microflora and lactic acid bacteria. The influence of these compounds on the risk of listeriosis in relation to product shelf life is discussed.

scholarly journals Immediate Reduction of Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium Viability via Membrane Destabilization following Exposure to Multiple-Hurdle Treatments with Heated, Acidified Organic Acid Salt Solutions

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 3765-3772 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Milillo ◽  
E. Martin ◽  
A. Muthaiyan ◽  
S. C. Ricke
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Acid Salt ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Sodium Propionate ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTThe antimicrobial activity of organic acids in combination with nonchemical treatments was evaluated for inactivation ofSalmonella entericaserotype Typhimurium within 1 min. It was observed that the effectiveness of the multiple-hurdle treatments was temperature (P≤ 0.05) and pH (P≤ 0.05) dependent and corresponded to the degree of organic acid lipophilicity (sodium acetate being least effective and sodium propionate being the most effective). This led to the hypothesis that the loss in viability was due at least in part to cell membrane disruption. Evaluation of osmotic response, potassium ion leakage, and transmission electron micrographs confirmed treatment effects on the cell membrane. Interestingly, all treatments, even those with no effect on viability, such as with sodium acetate, resulted in measurable cellular stress. Microarray experiments explored the specific response ofS. Typhimurium to sodium acetate and sodium propionate, the most similar of the tested treatments in terms of pKaand ionic strength, and found little difference in the changes in gene expression following exposure to either, despite their very different effects on viability. Taken together, the results reported support our hypothesis that treatment with heated, acidified, organic acid salt solutions for 1 min causes loss ofS. Typhimurium viability at least in part by membrane damage and that the degree of effectiveness can be correlated with lipophilicity of the organic acid. Overall, the data presented here indicate that a combined thermal, acidified sodium propionate treatment can provide an effective antimicrobial treatment againstSalmonella.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document