Linear pre/post filters for DCT-based image coding systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 605
Author(s):  
Anil M. Murching
Keyword(s):  
Image Coding ◽  
Coding Systems

scholarly journals SCENet: Secondary Domain Intercorrelation Enhanced Network for Alleviating Compressed Poisson Noises

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok Bong Yoo ◽  
Mikyong Han
Keyword(s):  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Image Coding ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Poisson Noise ◽  
Art Restoration ◽  
Compressed Images ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Satisfactory Performance ◽  
Block Based

In real image coding systems, block-based coding is often applied on images contaminated by camera sensor noises such as Poisson noises, which cause complicated types of noises called compressed Poisson noises. Although many restoration methods have recently been proposed for compressed images, they do not provide satisfactory performance on the challenging compressed Poisson noises. This is mainly due to (i) inaccurate modeling regarding the image degradation, (ii) the signal-dependent noise property, and (iii) the lack of analysis on intercorrelation distortion. In this paper, we focused on the challenging issues in practical image coding systems and propose a compressed Poisson noise reduction scheme based on a secondary domain intercorrelation enhanced network. Specifically, we introduced a compressed Poisson noise corruption model and combined the secondary domain intercorrelation prior with a deep neural network especially designed for signal-dependent compression noise reduction. Experimental results showed that the proposed network is superior to the existing state-of-the-art restoration alternatives on classical images, the LIVE1 dataset, and the SIDD dataset.

REAL TIME FRACTAL VIDEO FOR PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS

Fractals ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 391-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONALD M MONRO ◽  
JEREMY A NICHOLLS
Keyword(s):  
Image Coding ◽  
Video Sequence ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
Video Sequences ◽  
Personal Communications ◽  
First Order ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Fractal Image ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Talking Heads

Using a first order (bilinear) Bath Fractal Transform (BFT), we have obtained useful video sequences of talking heads with transmission rates as low as 40 KBits/sec. Previously, fractal image coding had been computationally asymmetric. In our work, 8 by 8 pixel blocks are coded in 250 µs and decoded in 200 µs on a 33 MHz i-486 based PC. This is of significance in consumer electronics, such as personal communications, where inexpensive coding systems will have an advantage over more expensive methods using DSP or custom chips to achieve the necessary speed. With a simple quantization and entropy coding scheme applied to standard QCIF frames, at 40 KBits/sec we achieve coding of 40% of each frame in a 25 Hz video sequence, equivalent to 100% at 10 Hz.

scholarly journals Design of a discrete сosine transformation processor for image compression systems on a losless-to-lossy circuit

Doklady BGUIR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
V. V. Kliuchenia
Keyword(s):  
Image Coding ◽  
Multimedia Systems ◽  
Inverse Transformation ◽  
Mobile Multimedia ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Processing Scheme ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Structural Regularity ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Fpga Chip

Today, mobile multimedia systems that use the H.261 / 3/4/5, MPEG-1/2/4 and JPEG standards for encoding / decoding video, audio and images are widely spread [1–4]. The core of these standards is the discrete cosine  transform  (DCT)  of  I,  II,  III  ...  VIII  types  [DCT].  Wide support  in  a  huge  number  of  multimedia applications of the JPEG format by circuitry and software solutions and the need for image coding according to the  L2L  scheme  determines  the  relevance  of  the  problem  of  creating  a  decorrelated  transformation  based  on DCT and methods for rapid prototyping of processors for computing an integer DCT on programmable systems on a FPGA chip. At the same time, such characteristics as structural regularity, modularity, high computational parallelism,  low  latency  and  power  consumption  are  taken  into  account.  Direct  and  inverse  transformation should be carried out according to the “whole-to-whole” processing scheme with preservation of the perfective reconstruction  of  the  original  image  (the  coefficients  are  represented  by  integer  or  binary  rational  numbers; the number of multiplication operations is minimal, if possible, they are excluded from the algorithm). The wellknown  integer  DCTs  (BinDCT,  IntDCT)  do  not  give  a  complete  reversible  bit  to  bit  conversion.  To  encode an image  according  to  the  L2L  scheme,  the  decorrelated  transform must be reversible and implemented in integer  arithmetic,  i. e.  the  conversion  would  follow  an  “integer-to-integer”  processing  scheme  with  a minimum  number  of  rounding  operations  affecting  the  compactness of  energy  in  equivalent  conversion subbands. This article shows how, on the basis of integer forward and inverse DCTs, to create a new universal architecture of decorrelated transform on FPGAs for transformational image coding systems that operate on the principle of “lossless-to-lossy” (L2L), and to obtain the best experimental results for objective and subjective performance compared to comparable compression systems.

Business: Making Cents of Coding Systems: Billing for Professional Services

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Dee Adams Nikjeh
Keyword(s):  
Professional Services ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Program Funding ◽  
Fee Schedule ◽  
Procedure Codes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Administrators and supervisors face daily challenges over issues such as program funding, service fees, correct coding procedures, and the ever-changing healthcare regulations. Receiving equitable reimbursement for speech-language pathology and audiology services necessitates an understanding of federal coding and reimbursement systems. This tutorial provides information pertaining to two major healthcare coding systems and explains the relationship of these systems to clinical documentation, the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule and equitable reimbursement. An explanation of coding edits and coding modifiers is provided for use in those occasional atypical situations when the standard use of procedural coding may not be appropriate. Also included in this tutorial is a brief discussion of the impact that the Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008 (HR 6331 Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act [MIPPA], 2008) has had on the valuation of speech-language pathology procedure codes.

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