scholarly journals Characterization of the Sonoran desert as a radiometric calibration target for Earth observing sensors

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 059502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Angal
Keyword(s):  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Calibration Target

scholarly journals The characterization of deep convective cloud albedo as a calibration target using MODIS reflectances

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Doelling ◽  
Gang Hong ◽  
Dan Morstad ◽  
Rajendra Bhatt ◽  
Arun Gopalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convective Cloud ◽  
Calibration Target ◽  
Cloud Albedo ◽  
Deep Convective Cloud

scholarly journals CALIPSO lidar calibration at 1064 nm: version 4 algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Vaughan ◽  
Anne Garnier ◽  
Damien Josset ◽  
Melody Avery ◽  
Kam-Pui Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Model ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Calibration Target ◽  
Full Account ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar ◽  
532 Nm ◽  
Calibration Coefficients

Abstract. Radiometric calibration of space-based elastic backscatter lidars is accomplished by comparing the measured backscatter signals to theoretically expected signals computed for some well-characterized calibration target. For any given system and wavelength, the choice of calibration target is dictated by several considerations, including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and target availability. This paper describes the newly implemented procedures used to calibrate the 1064 nm measurements acquired by CALIOP (i.e., the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization), the two-wavelength (532 and 1064 nm) elastic backscatter lidar currently flying on the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission. CALIOP's 532 nm channel is accurately calibrated by normalizing the molecular backscatter from the uppermost aerosol-free altitudes of the CALIOP measurement region to molecular model data obtained from NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office. However, because CALIOP's SNR for molecular backscatter measurements is prohibitively lower at 1064 nm than at 532 nm, the direct high-altitude molecular normalization method is not a viable option at 1064 nm. Instead, CALIOP's 1064 nm channel is calibrated relative to the 532 nm channel using the backscatter from a carefully selected subset of cirrus cloud measurements. In this paper we deliver a full account of the revised 1064 nm calibration algorithms implemented for the version 4.1 (V4) release of the CALIPSO lidar data products, with particular emphases on the physical basis for the selection of “calibration quality” cirrus clouds and on the new averaging scheme required to characterize intra-orbit calibration variability. The V4 procedures introduce latitudinally varying changes in the 1064 nm calibration coefficients of 25 % or more, relative to previous data releases, and are shown to substantially improve the accuracy of the V4 1064 nm attenuated backscatter coefficients. By evaluating calibration coefficients derived using both water clouds and ocean surfaces as alternate calibration targets, and through comparisons to independent, collocated measurements made by airborne high spectral resolution lidar, we conclude that the CALIOP V4 1064 nm calibration coefficients are accurate to within 3 %.

Radiometric characterization of the NASA GSFC radiometric calibration facility primary transfer radiometer

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Cooper ◽  
Steven W. Brown ◽  
Peter Abel ◽  
John E. Marketon ◽  
James J. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Calibration Facility

scholarly journals Radiometric Calibration Targets for the Mastcam-Z Camera on the Mars 2020 Rover Mission

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Kinch ◽  
M. B. Madsen ◽  
J. F. Bell ◽  
J. N. Maki ◽  
Z. J. Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Martian Surface ◽  
Primary Target ◽  
Calibration Target ◽  
Black Paint ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Ceramic Color

AbstractThe Mastcam-Z Camera is a stereoscopic, multispectral camera with zoom capability on NASA’s Mars-2020 Perseverance rover. The Mastcam-Z relies on a set of two deck-mounted radiometric calibration targets to validate camera performance and to provide an instantaneous estimate of local irradiance and allow conversion of image data to units of reflectance (R∗ or I/F) on a tactical timescale. Here, we describe the heritage, design, and optical characterization of these targets and discuss their use during rover operations. The Mastcam-Z primary calibration target inherits features of camera calibration targets on the Mars Exploration Rovers, Phoenix and Mars Science Laboratory missions. This target will be regularly imaged during flight to accompany multispectral observations of the martian surface. The primary target consists of a gold-plated aluminum base, eight strong hollow-cylinder Sm2Co17 alloy permanent magnets mounted in the base, eight ceramic color and grayscale patches mounted over the magnets, four concentric, ceramic grayscale rings and a central aluminum shadow post (gnomon) painted with an IR-black paint. The magnets are expected to keep the central area of each patch relatively free of Martian aeolian dust. The Mastcam-Z secondary calibration target is a simple angled aluminum shelf carrying seven vertically mounted ceramic color and grayscale chips and seven identical, but horizontally mounted ceramic chips. The secondary target is intended to augment and validate the calibration-related information derived from the primary target. The Mastcam-Z radiometric calibration targets are critically important to achieving Mastcam-Z science objectives for spectroscopy and photometric properties.

Design and Characterization of a Peltier-Cold Calibration Target for a 110-GHz Radiometer

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 344-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Fernandez ◽  
Axel Murk ◽  
Niklaus Kampfer
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Target

scholarly journals Characterization of blackbody inhomogeneity and its effect on the retrieval results of the GLORIA instrument

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kleinert ◽  
Isabell Krisch ◽  
Jörn Ungermann ◽  
Albert Adibekyan ◽  
Berndt Gutschwager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Vertical Resolution ◽  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Trace Species ◽  
Calibration Uncertainty

Abstract. Limb sounding instruments play an important role for the monitoring of climate trends, as they provide a good vertical resolution. Traceability to the SI via onboard reference or transfer standards is needed to compare trend estimates from multiple instruments. This study investigates the required uncertainty of these radiation standards to properly resolve decadal trends of climate relevant trace species like ozone, water vapor and temperature distribution for the Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA). Temperature nonuniformities of the onboard reference blackbodies, used for radiometric calibration, have an impact on the calibration uncertainty. The propagation of these nonuniformities through the retrieval is analyzed. A threshold for the maximum tolerable uncertainty of the blackbody temperature is derived, so that climate trends can be significantly identified with GLORIA.

scholarly journals Multispectral Sensor Calibration and Characterization for sUAS Remote Sensing

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (20) ◽  
pp. 4453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamaghani ◽  
Salvaggio
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
End User ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
A Value ◽  
Remote Sensing Applications

This paper focuses on the calibration of multispectral sensors typically used for remote sensing. These systems are often provided with "factory" radiometric calibration and vignette correction parameters. These parameters, which are assumed to be accurate when the sensor is new, may change as the camera is utilized in real-world conditions. As a result, regular calibration and characterization of any sensor should be conducted. An end-user laboratory method for computing both the vignette correction and radiometric calibration function is discussed in this paper. As an exemplar, this method for radiance computation is compared to the method provided by MicaSense for their RedEdge series of sensors. The proposed method and the method provided by MicaSense for radiance computation are applied to a variety of images captured in the laboratory using a traceable source. In addition, a complete error propagation is conducted to quantify the error produced when images are converted from digital counts to radiance. The proposed methodology was shown to produce lower errors in radiance imagery. The average percent error in radiance was −10.98%, −0.43%, 3.59%, 32.81% and −17.08% using the MicaSense provided method and their "factory" parameters, while the proposed method produced errors of 3.44%, 2.93%, 2.93%, 3.70% and 0.72% for the blue, green, red, near infrared and red edge bands, respectively. To further quantify the error in terms commonly used in remote sensing applications, the error in radiance was propagated to a reflectance error and additionally used to compute errors in two widely used parameters for assessing vegetation health, NDVI and NDRE. For the NDVI example, the ground reference was computed to be 0.899 ± 0.006, while the provided MicaSense method produced a value of 0.876 ± 0.005 and the proposed method produced a value of 0.897 ± 0.007. For NDRE, the ground reference was 0.455 ± 0.028, MicaSense method produced 0.239 ± 0.026 and the proposed method produced 0.435 ± 0.038.

General methods for the characterization of the nonuniformity of a radiometric calibration source

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (18) ◽  
pp. 4918
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Vogelhuber ◽  
Karin Fulford ◽  
Radley Serafico ◽  
Dalton Turpen ◽  
Russell Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Calibration Source
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