Retinal vessel oximetry-calibration, compensation for vessel diameter and fundus pigmentation, and reproducibility

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 054015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hammer ◽  
Walthard Vilser ◽  
Thomas Riemer ◽  
Dietrich Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Fundus Pigmentation

scholarly journals Endothelin 1-induced retinal ganglion cell death is largely mediated by JUN activation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia J. Marola ◽  
Stephanie B. Syc-Mazurek ◽  
Gareth R. Howell ◽  
Richard T. Libby
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cell Death ◽  
Ganglion Cell Death

Abstract Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the output neurons of the retina. Multiple lines of evidence show the endothelin (EDN, also known as ET) system is important in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. To date, the molecular mechanisms within RGCs driving EDN-induced RGC death have not been clarified. The pro-apoptotic transcription factor JUN (the canonical target of JNK signaling) and the endoplasmic reticulum stress effector and transcription factor DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3, also known as CHOP) have been shown to act downstream of EDN receptors. Previous studies demonstrated that JUN and DDIT3 were important regulators of RGC death after glaucoma-relevant injures. Here, we characterized EDN insult in vivo and investigated the role of JUN and DDIT3 in EDN-induced RGC death. To accomplish this, EDN1 ligand was intravitreally injected into the eyes of wildtype, Six3-cre+Junfl/fl (Jun−/−), Ddit3 null (Ddit3−/−), and Ddit3−/−Jun−/− mice. Intravitreal EDN1 was sufficient to drive RGC death in vivo. EDN1 insult caused JUN activation in RGCs, and deletion of Jun from the neural retina attenuated RGC death after EDN insult. However, deletion of Ddit3 did not confer significant protection to RGCs after EDN1 insult. These results indicate that EDN caused RGC death via a JUN-dependent mechanism. In addition, EDN signaling is known to elicit potent vasoconstriction. JUN signaling was shown to drive neuronal death after ischemic insult. Therefore, the effects of intravitreal EDN1 on retinal vessel diameter and hypoxia were explored. Intravitreal EDN1 caused transient retinal vasoconstriction and regions of RGC and Müller glia hypoxia. Thus, it remains a possibility that EDN elicits a hypoxic insult to RGCs, causing apoptosis via JNK-JUN signaling. The importance of EDN-induced vasoconstriction and hypoxia in causing RGC death after EDN insult and in models of glaucoma requires further investigation.

Retinal vessel oxygen saturation and vessel diameter in high myopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qishan Zheng ◽  
Yao Zong ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Xia Huang ◽  
Leilei Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Diameter

Short-Term Retinal Vessel Diameter Variability in Relation to the History of Cold Extremities

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 4026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asan Kochkorov ◽  
Konstantin Gugleta ◽  
Claudia Zawinka ◽  
Robert Katamay ◽  
Josef Flammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Retinal Vessel Diameter ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cold Extremities

Diagnostic Ability of Retinal Vessel Diameter Measurements in Open-Angle Glaucoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 7915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunjoo Yoo ◽  
Chungkwon Yoo ◽  
Bo-ram Lee ◽  
Tae-Eun Lee ◽  
Yong Yeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Diagnostic Ability ◽  
Retinal Vessel Diameter

scholarly journals Change In Retinal Vessel Diameter And Choroidal Thickness In Patients With Severe COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 102674
Author(s):  
Medine Gündoğan ◽  
Esra Vural ◽  
Nurettin Bayram ◽  
Orhan Altunel ◽  
Fatih Gündoğan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Retinal Vessel Diameter

scholarly journals Associations of Retinal Microvascular Diameters and Tortuosity With Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness

Hypertension ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1383-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn J. Tapp ◽  
Christopher G. Owen ◽  
Sarah A. Barman ◽  
Roshan A. Welikala ◽  
Paul J. Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Arterial Stiffness Index

To examine the baseline associations of retinal vessel morphometry with blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness in United Kingdom Biobank. The United Kingdom Biobank included 68 550 participants aged 40 to 69 years who underwent nonmydriatic retinal imaging, BP, and arterial stiffness index assessment. A fully automated image analysis program (QUARTZ [Quantitative Analysis of Retinal Vessel Topology and Size]) provided measures of retinal vessel diameter and tortuosity. The associations between retinal vessel morphology and cardiovascular disease risk factors/outcomes were examined using multilevel linear regression to provide absolute differences in vessel diameter and percentage differences in tortuosity (allowing within person clustering), adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, clinic, body mass index, smoking, and deprivation index. Greater arteriolar tortuosity was associated with higher systolic BP (relative increase, 1.2%; 95% CI, 0.9; 1.4% per 10 mmHg), higher mean arterial pressure, 1.3%; 0.9, 1.7% per 10 mmHg, and higher pulse pressure (PP, 1.8%; 1.4; 2.2% per 10 mmHg). Narrower arterioles were associated with higher systolic BP (−0.9 µm; −0.94, −0.87 µm per 10 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (−1.5 µm; −1.5, −1.5 µm per 10 mmHg), PP (−0.7 µm; −0.8, −0.7 µm per 10 mmHg), and arterial stiffness index (−0.12 µm; −0.14, −0.09 µm per ms/m 2 ). Associations were in the same direction but marginally weaker for venular tortuosity and diameter. This study assessing the retinal microvasculature at scale has shown clear associations between retinal vessel morphometry, BP, and arterial stiffness index. These observations further our understanding of the preclinical disease processes and interplay between microvascular and macrovascular disease.

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