Three-dimensional digital scanner based on micromachined micromirror for the metrological measurement of the human ear canal

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 2990 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Prasciolu ◽  
R. Malureanu ◽  
S. Cabrini ◽  
D. Cojoc ◽  
L. Businaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Human Ear

scholarly journals A narrow ear canal reduces sound velocity to create additional acoustic inputs in a microscale insect ear

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (10) ◽  
pp. e2017281118
Author(s):  
Daniel Veitch ◽  
Emine Celiker ◽  
Sarah Aldridge ◽  
Christian Pulver ◽  
Carl D. Soulsbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Sound Velocity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Directional Hearing ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Human Ear ◽  
Main Factor

Located in the forelegs, katydid ears are unique among arthropods in having outer, middle, and inner components, analogous to the mammalian ear. Unlike mammals, sound is received externally via two tympanic membranes in each ear and internally via a narrow ear canal (EC) derived from the respiratory tracheal system. Inside the EC, sound travels slower than in free air, causing temporal and pressure differences between external and internal inputs. The delay was suspected to arise as a consequence of the narrowing EC geometry. If true, a reduction in sound velocity should persist independently of the gas composition in the EC (e.g., air, CO2). Integrating laser Doppler vibrometry, microcomputed tomography, and numerical analysis on precise three-dimensional geometries of each experimental animal EC, we demonstrate that the narrowing radius of the EC is the main factor reducing sound velocity. Both experimental and numerical data also show that sound velocity is reduced further when excess CO2 fills the EC. Likewise, the EC bifurcates at the tympanal level (one branch for each tympanic membrane), creating two additional narrow internal sound paths and imposing different sound velocities for each tympanic membrane. Therefore, external and internal inputs total to four sound paths for each ear (only one for the human ear). Research paths and implication of findings in avian directional hearing are discussed.

3D Finite Element Modeling of Blast Wave Transmission From the External Ear to a Spiral Cochlea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Brown ◽  
John Bradshaw ◽  
Rong Z. Gan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Transverse Motion ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Blast Overpressure ◽  
Stapes Footplate ◽  
Human Ear ◽  
Temporal Bones

Abstract Blast-induced injuries affect the health of veterans, in which the auditory system is often damaged, and blast-induced auditory damage to the cochlea is difficult to quantify. A recent study modeled blast overpressure (BOP) transmission throughout the ear utilizing a straight, two-chambered cochlea, but the spiral cochlea's response to blast exposure has yet to be investigated. In this study, we utilized a human ear finite element (FE) model with a spiraled, two-chambered cochlea to simulate the response of the anatomical structural cochlea to BOP exposure. The FE model included an ear canal, middle ear, and two and half turns of two-chambered cochlea and simulated a BOP from the ear canal entrance to the spiral cochlea in a transient analysis utilizing fluid-structure interfaces. The model's middle ear was validated with experimental pressure measurements from the outer and middle ear of human temporal bones. The results showed high stapes footplate displacements up to 28.5µm resulting in high intracochlear pressures and basilar membrane (BM) displacements up to 43.2µm from a BOP input of 30.7kPa. The cochlea's spiral shape caused asymmetric pressure distributions as high as 4kPa across the cochlea's width and higher BM transverse motion than that observed in a similar straight cochlea model. The developed spiral cochlea model provides an advancement from the straight cochlea model to increase the understanding of cochlear mechanics during blast and progresses towards a model able to predict potential hearing loss after blast.

The spatial distribution of sound pressure within the human ear canal

2005 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 2564-2564
Author(s):  
Michael R. Stinson ◽  
Gilles A. Daigle
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Human Ear

Three-dimensional laser scanning and reconstruction of ear canal impressions for optimal design of hearing aid shells

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Tognola ◽  
Marta Parazzini ◽  
Cesare Svelto ◽  
Paolo Ravazzani ◽  
Ferdinando Grandori
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ear Canal

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA GANGGUAN PENDENGARAN DENGAN SERUMEN PADA LANSIA DI PUSKESMAS MEDAN JOHOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Alamsyah Lukito
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Organ ◽  
Human Ear ◽  
The Brain

The human ear is a hearing organ that captures and changes sound in the form of mechanical energy into electrical energy efficiently and is passed on to the brain to be realized and understood. Serum that collects and forms masses will clog the ear canal, causing interference with the sound that results in hearing loss. The research that will be conducted is a study with a cross-sectional method with a sample of 52 people. The majority of respondents were men with a majority of elderly with an average age of 67 years. The results showed that respondents who had serumen were as much as 59.6% and those who had hearing loss were 63.5%. This shows that there is a relationship between hearing loss and the presence of serumen.

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