Comparison of NO titration and fiber optics catalytic probes for determination of neutral oxygen atom concentration in plasmas and postglows

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miran Mozetič ◽  
Andre Ricard ◽  
Dušan Babič ◽  
Igor Poberaj ◽  
Jacque Levaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Atom ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Atom Concentration

scholarly journals The indirect determination of chlorine atom concentration in the troposphere from changes in the patterns of non-methane hydrocarbons

Tellus B ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. RUDOLPH ◽  
B. RAMACHER ◽  
C. PLASS-DULMER ◽  
K.-P. MULLER ◽  
R. KOPPMANN
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Atom ◽  
Atom Concentration ◽  
Indirect Determination

TWO ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE ABSOLUTE ATOM CONCENTRATION USING ELECTRON ENERGY LOSS SPECTROSCOPY (EELS)

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 4775-4781 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. HADJI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Free Electron ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Electron Model ◽  
Atom Concentration ◽  
Free Electron Model ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Two analytical techniques for the determination (within the limits of validity of the free electron model) of the absolute atom concentration (AAC) are reported in details. One of these may be useful for the determination of a AAC for chemical elements (e.g. hydrogen) which are not easy to detect. EELS is used.

Determination of Copper in A533b Steel for the Assessment of Radiation Embrittlement Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang E. Ernst ◽  
Dave F. Farson ◽  
D. Jason Sames
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Radiation Embrittlement ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Determination of radiation embrittlement in nuclear reactor pressure vessels is crucial to assessing safe operative lifetimes for many aging nuclear power plants. Conservative nuclear fluence estimates and trace impurity diagnosis of the weldment material are the basis of radiation embrittlement analysis. Copper is thought to be a key impurity contributing to radiation embrittlement. In this paper, the application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as a means to assess radiation embrittlement by the detection and quantification of copper in A553b steel was investigated. A LIBS configuration completely coupled by fiber optics was attempted, but because of low laser power and fiber losses, fiber-optic delivery of the laser beam was unsuccessful. Consequently, hard optics (lenses and mirrors) were employed for laser beam delivery. The plasma emission was delivered successfully via fiber optics to the detection apparatus. Copper measurements were made from custom-fabricated steel samples. Comparison of the LIBS results to an independent atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) analysis showed LIBS to be of comparable accuracy, especially in low-level copper samples.

The Reaction of 2-Hydro-2-oxo-5,6-benzo-l,3,2λ4-dioxaphosphorin-4-one with Imines and Carbonyl Compounds; Unusual Formation and First X-Ray Crystal Structure Determination of a Benzodioxaphosphepinone Ring System

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 1501-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Kaukorat ◽  
Ion Neda ◽  
Holger Thönnessen ◽  
Peter G. Jones ◽  
Reinhard Schmutzler
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Oxygen Atom ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Ring Expansion ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Crystal Structure Determination ◽  
Insertion Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic

On treatment of 2-hydro-2-oxo-5,6-benzo-1,3,2λ4-dioxaphosphorin-4-one (1) with the inline trimers trim ethyl- and tribenzyltriazine and the (monomeric) methylene-tert-butylimine, an insertion reaction of the imine molecule into the P-H bond of 1 took place, forming com pounds 2 -4 . Similar results were obtained when 1 was allowed to react with aldimines, asymmetric at carbon, leading to 5-7 . The diastereotopic properties of 5 - 7 were observed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. NMR and IR spectroscopic investigations on 5 - 7 indicated > C = O···H-N < interactions. Upon reaction of 1 with hexafluoroacetone, trifluoroacetophenone or phenyltrifluoromethylketimine, the derivatives 8 -1 0 , involving a P-O-C fragment, were obtained. The formation of the isomeric “alcohol form ”, bearing a P-C-OH fragment, could not be proved. In the reaction of 1 with various o-quinones. one of the oxygen atom s of the quinone was found to be bonded to phosphorus, whereas the hydrogen atom was found to migrate to the second oxygen atom . Upon reaction of 1 with chloral, an unusual ring expansion took place with formation of the benzodioxaphosphepinone (14). The reaction of 1 with other aldehydes could not be realized. In the reaction of 14 with triethylamine, the ammonium salt 15 was formed. For the first time, an X-ray crystal structure determination of a dioxaphosphepinone ring system was conducted; in 15 the seven-membered ring displays a pseudo tub conformation.

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